Browse Scholarly Essays - 13 results
See details
American Medical Missionary Work for Women in China, Sino-American Relations, and Imperialism
written by Connie Shemo, fl. 2009 (Alexandria, VA: Alexander Street, 2017), 26 page(s)
In constructing this document cluster, we have sought to provide sources to help scholars and students explore the many facets of American missionary involvement in introducing a new system of medical care to China in all their complexities. The collection includes writings from American women missionary physicia...
Sample
written by Connie Shemo, fl. 2009 (Alexandria, VA: Alexander Street, 2017), 26 page(s)
Description
In constructing this document cluster, we have sought to provide sources to help scholars and students explore the many facets of American missionary involvement in introducing a new system of medical care to China in all their complexities. The collection includes writings from American women missionary physicians, American women nurses, and Chinese women physicians and nurses who had been educated in mission institutions. Also included are wr...
In constructing this document cluster, we have sought to provide sources to help scholars and students explore the many facets of American missionary involvement in introducing a new system of medical care to China in all their complexities. The collection includes writings from American women missionary physicians, American women nurses, and Chinese women physicians and nurses who had been educated in mission institutions. Also included are writings from Chinese women in debates about the health of Chinese women, giving insight into subjects such as Chinese views on birth control and the practice of “breast binding” which have rarely been treated by English-language scholars. The collection ranges from the 1890s to the end of the 1940s, with later reminiscences that range into the 1980s. This essay is intended to provide historical context for the documents and to point out some ways that we see change over time through the documents. In particular, we can see, as the twentieth century progressed, a growing struggle among both American and Chinese writers with issues of race, imperialism, and nationalism in providing health care to Chinese women.
Show more
Show less
Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Essay
Author / Creator
Connie Shemo, fl. 2009
Date Published / Released
2017
Publisher
Alexander Street
Topic / Theme
Women and Education, Women and Sexuality, Birth Control, and Health, Women and Religion, Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Empire and Education, Women as Medical Professionals, Indigenous Women and Missionaries, Opposition to Imperialism, Nationalism and Independence Movements, Access to Higher Education, Americans, Chinese, 20th Century in World History (1914--2000), Industrializ...
Women and Education, Women and Sexuality, Birth Control, and Health, Women and Religion, Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Empire and Education, Women as Medical Professionals, Indigenous Women and Missionaries, Opposition to Imperialism, Nationalism and Independence Movements, Access to Higher Education, Americans, Chinese, 20th Century in World History (1914--2000), Industrialization and Western Global Hegemony (1750–1914)
Show more
Show less
Copyright Message
Copyright @ 2017 by Alexander Street
×
See details
American Women Aid Workers in Indochina in the 1960s
written by Jessica Elkind, fl. 2005 (Alexandria, VA: Alexander Street, 2017), 20 page(s)
Although U.S. political and military efforts in Indochina ended in failure, the civilian aid workers’ record is more complicated. As the documents included in this cluster suggest, women volunteers’ time in Southeast Asia had a profound and often positive effect on their lives as well as those of some people...
Sample
written by Jessica Elkind, fl. 2005 (Alexandria, VA: Alexander Street, 2017), 20 page(s)
Description
Although U.S. political and military efforts in Indochina ended in failure, the civilian aid workers’ record is more complicated. As the documents included in this cluster suggest, women volunteers’ time in Southeast Asia had a profound and often positive effect on their lives as well as those of some people in their host country. Some of these women maintained relationships with people they had met or taught in Vietnam. Some of the progra...
Although U.S. political and military efforts in Indochina ended in failure, the civilian aid workers’ record is more complicated. As the documents included in this cluster suggest, women volunteers’ time in Southeast Asia had a profound and often positive effect on their lives as well as those of some people in their host country. Some of these women maintained relationships with people they had met or taught in Vietnam. Some of the programs the American women introduced continued after their departure. Although they have largely been erased from official histories of U.S. involvement in Indochina, women aid workers played an important role and their experiences deserve to be shared.
Show more
Show less
Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Essay
Author / Creator
Jessica Elkind, fl. 2005
Date Published / Released
2017
Publisher
Alexander Street
Topic / Theme
Vietnam War, 1956-1975, Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Women and Development, Nationalism and Independence Movements, Opposition to Imperialism, Support for Imperialism, Economic Development, Laotians, Vietnamese, 20th Century in World History (1914--2000)
Copyright Message
Copyright @ 2017 by Alexander Street
×
See details
A Brief Introduction: Indian Women's Activism in the 19th and 20th Century
written by Elisabeth Armstrong, fl. 2016 (Alexandria, VA: Alexander Street, 2017), 23 page(s)
From its inception, the Indian women’s movement had three overlapping strands: leftist feminism, social reform feminism and nationalist feminism. These three strands are often portrayed as historical phases of the Indian women’s movement. In fact, throughout the 20th century these strands have nourished and c...
Sample
written by Elisabeth Armstrong, fl. 2016 (Alexandria, VA: Alexander Street, 2017), 23 page(s)
Description
From its inception, the Indian women’s movement had three overlapping strands: leftist feminism, social reform feminism and nationalist feminism. These three strands are often portrayed as historical phases of the Indian women’s movement. In fact, throughout the 20th century these strands have nourished and clashed with each other in generative ways.
Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Essay
Author / Creator
Elisabeth Armstrong, fl. 2016
Date Published / Released
November 2017, 2017
Publisher
Alexander Street
Topic / Theme
Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Work and Class Identity, Empire and Feminism, Class Discrimination, Nationalism and Independence Movements, Indians (Asian), Adivasi, 20th Century in World History (1914--2000), Industrialization and Western Global Hegemony (1750–1914)
Copyright Message
Copyright @ 2017 by Alexander Street
×
See details
Early Korean Women Immigrants in the U.S.: Activists and Nationalists in Hawai'i, 1903-1945
written by Julie Rancilio, fl. 2016 (Alexandria, VA: Alexander Street, 2017), 10 page(s)
These early Korean women immigrants fought for the freedom of their beloved homeland from one empire, Japan, and did so while living in another empire, the United States. Korean women immigrants contributed immeasurably to the Independence movement. Their nationalist efforts utilized both informal networks and f...
Sample
written by Julie Rancilio, fl. 2016 (Alexandria, VA: Alexander Street, 2017), 10 page(s)
Description
These early Korean women immigrants fought for the freedom of their beloved homeland from one empire, Japan, and did so while living in another empire, the United States. Korean women immigrants contributed immeasurably to the Independence movement. Their nationalist efforts utilized both informal networks and formal organizations and in doing so they exerted significant public influence through their collective efforts to aid those killed or i...
These early Korean women immigrants fought for the freedom of their beloved homeland from one empire, Japan, and did so while living in another empire, the United States. Korean women immigrants contributed immeasurably to the Independence movement. Their nationalist efforts utilized both informal networks and formal organizations and in doing so they exerted significant public influence through their collective efforts to aid those killed or injured in the Independence movement, to raise awareness for Korean independence, and to preserve ethnic pride and cultural identity. Although still marginalized in both the public and scholarly discourse, early immigrant Korean women redefined traditional gender roles, preserved Korean culture while facilitating Americanization, and contributed in very important ways to promoting Korean independence, peace, and unity.
Show more
Show less
Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Essay
Author / Creator
Julie Rancilio, fl. 2016
Date Published / Released
2017
Publisher
Alexander Street
Topic / Theme
Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Women and Immigration, Nationalism and Independence Movements, Nationality Rights, Korean, 20th Century in World History (1914--2000), Industrialization and Western Global Hegemony (1750–1914)
Copyright Message
Copyright @ 2017 by Alexander Street
×
See details
France’s North African Empire: History and Historiography
written by Julia Clancy-Smith, fl. 2009 (Alexandria, VA: Alexander Street, 2016), 22 page(s)
This essay surveys French colonialism in Algeria, Tunisia, and Morocco from 1830 until 1962. It does so within a comparative framework, contrasting the North African regimes with France's possessions world-wide as well as with other modern empires. The voices of those labeled unsatisfactorily as "the colonized," p...
Sample
written by Julia Clancy-Smith, fl. 2009 (Alexandria, VA: Alexander Street, 2016), 22 page(s)
Description
This essay surveys French colonialism in Algeria, Tunisia, and Morocco from 1830 until 1962. It does so within a comparative framework, contrasting the North African regimes with France's possessions world-wide as well as with other modern empires. The voices of those labeled unsatisfactorily as "the colonized," particularly women and non-elites, have often gone missing—especially for earlier periods--because the documentary corpus is lacking,...
This essay surveys French colonialism in Algeria, Tunisia, and Morocco from 1830 until 1962. It does so within a comparative framework, contrasting the North African regimes with France's possessions world-wide as well as with other modern empires. The voices of those labeled unsatisfactorily as "the colonized," particularly women and non-elites, have often gone missing—especially for earlier periods--because the documentary corpus is lacking, inaccessible, recondite, or was destroyed during warfare. This essay assesses the current state of the field, mainly secondary historical literature on women, gender, and empire.
Show more
Show less
Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Essay
Author / Creator
Julia Clancy-Smith, fl. 2009
Date Published / Released
2016
Publisher
Alexander Street
Topic / Theme
Women and Education, Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Women and Religion, Education as a Source of Women’s Emancipation, Nationalism and Independence Movements, Religious Prescriptions for Women, Colonization and Empire, Arabs, Berbers, Moroccans, Tunisians, Algerians, French, Industrialization and Western Global Hegemony (1750–1914), 20th Century in World History (1914--2000)
Copyright Message
Copyright @ 2016 by Alexander Street Press
×
See details
France’s North African Empire: The Database Documents
written by Julia Clancy-Smith, fl. 2009 (Alexandria, VA: Alexander Street, 2016), 35 page(s)
This essay examines French colonialism in North Africa through the stories of three North African women and French colonial documents.
Sample
written by Julia Clancy-Smith, fl. 2009 (Alexandria, VA: Alexander Street, 2016), 35 page(s)
Description
This essay examines French colonialism in North Africa through the stories of three North African women and French colonial documents.
Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Essay
Author / Creator
Julia Clancy-Smith, fl. 2009
Date Published / Released
2016
Publisher
Alexander Street
Person Discussed
Gladys Adda, 1921-2000, Assia Djebar, 1936-2015, Fadhma A. M. Amrouche, 1882-1967
Topic / Theme
Algerian War of Independence, 1954-1962, World War II, 1939-1945, Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Women and Education, Empire and Feminism, Nationalism and Independence Movements, State-Sponsored Prostitution, Empire and Education, Empire and Family Life, Algerians, Tunisians, French, Kabyle, 20th Century in World History (1914--2000)
Copyright Message
Copyright @ 2016 by Alexander Street Press
×
See details
Indonesian Women and Anti-Imperial Activism and Thinking, 1945-1965
written by Katharine McGregor, fl. 2012 (Alexandria, VA: Alexander Street, 2016), 28 page(s)
This essay provides some general context for understanding Indonesian women's anti-imperial activism from the 1940s to mid 1960s and introduces the document collection covering Indonesian women and empire.
Sample
written by Katharine McGregor, fl. 2012 (Alexandria, VA: Alexander Street, 2016), 28 page(s)
Description
This essay provides some general context for understanding Indonesian women's anti-imperial activism from the 1940s to mid 1960s and introduces the document collection covering Indonesian women and empire.
Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Essay
Author / Creator
Katharine McGregor, fl. 2012
Date Published / Released
2016
Publisher
Alexander Street
Person Discussed
Sudjinah, 1928-2007, Sulami, 1926-2007, Raden Adjeng Kartini, 1879-1904
Topic / Theme
Indonesian Killings of 1965-1966, Indigenous Women, Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Social and Political Leadership, Nationalism and Independence Movements, Opposition to Imperialism, Dutch, Indonesians, 20th Century in World History (1914--2000)
Copyright Message
Copyright @ 2016 by Alexander Street
×
See details
Patriotism, Neocolonialism, Democracy, Social Democracy, and Communism: Political Movements Within the Cuban Woman's Movement
written by Lynn Stoner, fl. 2016 (Alexandria, VA: Alexander Street, 2017), 16 page(s)
This cluster contains documents found mainly in Cuba and thus not available in the United States. It complements other archival resources I have made available elsewhere. From these records are examples of the range of activists’ visions for their country and their places in a modern society. They also speak of...
Sample
written by Lynn Stoner, fl. 2016 (Alexandria, VA: Alexander Street, 2017), 16 page(s)
Description
This cluster contains documents found mainly in Cuba and thus not available in the United States. It complements other archival resources I have made available elsewhere. From these records are examples of the range of activists’ visions for their country and their places in a modern society. They also speak of the competitive attitudes women adopted when they tried to steer a course to empower themselves and women in general. Taken together w...
This cluster contains documents found mainly in Cuba and thus not available in the United States. It complements other archival resources I have made available elsewhere. From these records are examples of the range of activists’ visions for their country and their places in a modern society. They also speak of the competitive attitudes women adopted when they tried to steer a course to empower themselves and women in general. Taken together with all archives on Cuban women, they offer a bas-relief of women addressing women from poses expressing femininity and bold aggression. A study of the Cuban woman’s movement that highlights the nature of relationships among the activists adds to an analysis of inherited gender culture in the former Spanish colony and the difficulty of adapting that culture to standards of modernity.
Show more
Show less
Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Essay
Author / Creator
Lynn Stoner, fl. 2016
Date Published / Released
2017
Publisher
Alexander Street
Person Discussed
Ofelia Domínguez Navarro, 1894-1976, Loló de la Torriente, 1907-1985, María Collado, 1885-1965
Topic / Theme
Social Reform and Political Activism, Indigenous Women, Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Political and Human Rights, Socialism, Social and Political Leadership, Nationalism and Independence Movements, Suffrage, Spanish, Cubans, 20th Century in World History (1914--2000), Industrialization and Western Global Hegemony (1750–1914)
Copyright Message
Copyright @ 2017 by Alexander Street
×
See details
Subtle Assertions in a Complicated Context: Filipino Women during the American Colonial Period
written by Frances Anthea Redison, Mary Barby Badayos-Jover, Adrianne Francisco and Febe Pamonag, fl. 2007 (Alexandria, VA: Alexander Street, 2016), 42 page(s)
The American colonial period had a profound impact on Filipino women’s activism, achievements, and status. Filipinas found increased educational opportunities, access to previously-closed professions, and a greater presence in the public sphere. However, these so-called opportunities were largely accessible only...
Sample
written by Frances Anthea Redison, Mary Barby Badayos-Jover, Adrianne Francisco and Febe Pamonag, fl. 2007 (Alexandria, VA: Alexander Street, 2016), 42 page(s)
Description
The American colonial period had a profound impact on Filipino women’s activism, achievements, and status. Filipinas found increased educational opportunities, access to previously-closed professions, and a greater presence in the public sphere. However, these so-called opportunities were largely accessible only to those belonging to the elite class. Women during the decades of American rule were also caught between the conflicting aims of the...
The American colonial period had a profound impact on Filipino women’s activism, achievements, and status. Filipinas found increased educational opportunities, access to previously-closed professions, and a greater presence in the public sphere. However, these so-called opportunities were largely accessible only to those belonging to the elite class. Women during the decades of American rule were also caught between the conflicting aims of the American colonial state and the Filipino nationalist movements, which were male-dominated. Filipino women thus had to carefully navigate the socio-political context in order to define and eventually achieve what they were aiming for.
Show more
Show less
Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Essay
Author / Creator
Frances Anthea Redison, Mary Barby Badayos-Jover, Adrianne Francisco, Febe Pamonag, fl. 2007
Date Published / Released
2016-12, 2016
Publisher
Alexander Street
Person Discussed
Maria Paz Mendoza-Guazon, 1884-, Encarnacion A. Alzona, 1895-2001, Paz Márquez-Benitez, 1894-1983
Topic / Theme
Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Political and Human Rights, Work and Class Identity, Women and Education, Nationalism and Independence Movements, Suffrage, Women as “Bourgeoisie”, Access to Higher Education, Education as a Source of Women’s Emancipation, Filipinos, 20th Century in World History (1914--2000), Industrialization and Western Global Hegemony (1750–1914)
Copyright Message
Copyright @ 2016 by Alexander Street
×
See details
Using Popular and Official Sources to Reconstruct African Women's Resistance in the 20th Century
written by Katherine Sadler, fl. 2010 (Alexandria, VA: Alexander Street, 2016), 10 page(s)
This section of Women and Social Movements in Modern Empires provides an opportunity to examine South African women's resistance as distinct from that of men or male-dominated organizations, particularly in the era between the founding of the African National Congress in 1912 and the National Party's rise to power...
Sample
written by Katherine Sadler, fl. 2010 (Alexandria, VA: Alexander Street, 2016), 10 page(s)
Description
This section of Women and Social Movements in Modern Empires provides an opportunity to examine South African women's resistance as distinct from that of men or male-dominated organizations, particularly in the era between the founding of the African National Congress in 1912 and the National Party's rise to power on a platform of "separate development" in 1948. Included are three major categories of information available on the anti-government...
This section of Women and Social Movements in Modern Empires provides an opportunity to examine South African women's resistance as distinct from that of men or male-dominated organizations, particularly in the era between the founding of the African National Congress in 1912 and the National Party's rise to power on a platform of "separate development" in 1948. Included are three major categories of information available on the anti-government activities of African women in Natal Province, South Africa, most in opposition to the government regulation of beer brewing and beer halls: official documents, letters written by government officials not necessarily for public view, and newspaper articles.
Show more
Show less
Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Essay
Author / Creator
Katherine Sadler, fl. 2010
Date Published / Released
2016
Publisher
Alexander Street
Topic / Theme
Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Indigenous Women, Opposition to Imperialism, Nationalism and Independence Movements, Social and Political Leadership, Zulu, Afrikaans, South Africans, 20th Century in World History (1914--2000)
Copyright Message
Copyright @ 2016 by Alexander Street
×
