Browse Titles - 39 results
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Are There Different Types of Beauty?
(Hamburg, Hamburg State: Latest Thinking, 2019), 10 mins
Are there different types of beauty? In this video, WINFRIED MENNINGHAUS investigates the meanings of and values inherent in four categories of subject appeal, namely beauty, elegance, grace, and sexiness. Adopting a bottom-up approach which foregrounds individual beliefs over theoretical assumptions, Menninghaus...
Open Access
(Hamburg, Hamburg State: Latest Thinking, 2019), 10 mins
Description
Are there different types of beauty? In this video, WINFRIED MENNINGHAUS investigates the meanings of and values inherent in four categories of subject appeal, namely beauty, elegance, grace, and sexiness. Adopting a bottom-up approach which foregrounds individual beliefs over theoretical assumptions, Menninghaus finds that elegance, grace, and sexiness are sub-variants of the broader notion of beauty. Among its many insights, the work explores w...
Are there different types of beauty? In this video, WINFRIED MENNINGHAUS investigates the meanings of and values inherent in four categories of subject appeal, namely beauty, elegance, grace, and sexiness. Adopting a bottom-up approach which foregrounds individual beliefs over theoretical assumptions, Menninghaus finds that elegance, grace, and sexiness are sub-variants of the broader notion of beauty. Among its many insights, the work explores why persons of outstanding beauty are perceived as self-centered while, by contrast, elegance is associated with positive social virtues.
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Field of Study
Psychology
Content Type
Instructional material
Date Published / Released
2019
Publisher
Latest Thinking
Speaker / Narrator
Winfried Menninghaus, 1952-
Person Discussed
Winfried Menninghaus, 1952-
Topic / Theme
Beauty
Copyright Message
Copyright © 2019 Latest Thinking
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Can a Single Model Explain Different Functions of the Human Brain?
(Germany: Latest Thinking, 2018), 8 mins
The human brain has many functions; for instance, it allows people to focus on particular objects and ignore others, or to remember events in the past. TATJANA TCHUMATCHENKO uses mathematical equations in order to understand how our brain achieves this. Previous research in this area has developed models that expl...
Open Access
(Germany: Latest Thinking, 2018), 8 mins
Description
The human brain has many functions; for instance, it allows people to focus on particular objects and ignore others, or to remember events in the past. TATJANA TCHUMATCHENKO uses mathematical equations in order to understand how our brain achieves this. Previous research in this area has developed models that explain single questions, such as ‘How does memory work?’. However, as she describes in this video, the brain has a set of hardware par...
The human brain has many functions; for instance, it allows people to focus on particular objects and ignore others, or to remember events in the past. TATJANA TCHUMATCHENKO uses mathematical equations in order to understand how our brain achieves this. Previous research in this area has developed models that explain single questions, such as ‘How does memory work?’. However, as she describes in this video, the brain has a set of hardware parameters that can be used to synthesize many different functions. Tchumatchenko’s research group has therefore focused on three of these: attention, memory, and contrast invariance. Their aim was to answer whether all three have the same underlying basic principles and can be explained by a single model. Their experimental results confirm this hypothesis and they found that the way to control the three functions is to control the neurons. These findings have implications for pharmaceutical research on drugs that act on the neuronal channel.
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Field of Study
Psychology
Content Type
Instructional material
Date Published / Released
2018
Publisher
Latest Thinking
Speaker / Narrator
Tatjana Tchumatchenko, 1980-
Person Discussed
Tatjana Tchumatchenko, 1980-
Topic / Theme
Scientific research, Brain
Copyright Message
Copyright © 2018 Latest Thinking
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Can Moral Suasion Effectively Induce Compliance with the Law?
(Hamburg, Hamburg State: Latest Thinking), 9 mins
In the large-scale natural field experiment presented in this video different treatments to induce compliance with the law were tested: Potential evaders of TV license fees in Austria received different mailings – one presenting the prospects of financial and legal consequences, one appealing to morals and one c...
Open Access
(Hamburg, Hamburg State: Latest Thinking), 9 mins
Description
In the large-scale natural field experiment presented in this video different treatments to induce compliance with the law were tested: Potential evaders of TV license fees in Austria received different mailings – one presenting the prospects of financial and legal consequences, one appealing to morals and one communicating high compliance rates. CHRISTIAN TRAXLER explains that only the threat of consequences had a significant deterrent effect...
In the large-scale natural field experiment presented in this video different treatments to induce compliance with the law were tested: Potential evaders of TV license fees in Austria received different mailings – one presenting the prospects of financial and legal consequences, one appealing to morals and one communicating high compliance rates. CHRISTIAN TRAXLER explains that only the threat of consequences had a significant deterrent effect whereas neither of the two other mailings significantly affected compliance rates.
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Field of Study
Psychology
Content Type
Instructional material
Publisher
Latest Thinking
Speaker / Narrator
Christian Traxler, fl. 2006
Person Discussed
Christian Traxler, fl. 2006
Topic / Theme
Legal proceedings, Behavior modification, Intellectual property
Copyright Message
Copyright © 2017 Latest Thinking
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Do Exclusivity Rebates Cause Psychological Switching Costs in Consumers?
(Germany: Latest Thinking, 2017), 13 mins
Firms, be it coffee shops or airlines, often try to bind customers with exclusivity rebates rewarding loyalty. The lab experiment presented in this video reveals that these programs are “sticky”: customers stay in those programs longer than would be “rational”. As ALEXANDER MORELL explains, customers often...
Open Access
(Germany: Latest Thinking, 2017), 13 mins
Description
Firms, be it coffee shops or airlines, often try to bind customers with exclusivity rebates rewarding loyalty. The lab experiment presented in this video reveals that these programs are “sticky”: customers stay in those programs longer than would be “rational”. As ALEXANDER MORELL explains, customers often don’t switch to alternatives even if reaching the rebate becomes improbable. Contrary to common behavioral assumptions, the duration...
Firms, be it coffee shops or airlines, often try to bind customers with exclusivity rebates rewarding loyalty. The lab experiment presented in this video reveals that these programs are “sticky”: customers stay in those programs longer than would be “rational”. As ALEXANDER MORELL explains, customers often don’t switch to alternatives even if reaching the rebate becomes improbable. Contrary to common behavioral assumptions, the duration of rebate programs or the size of rebates did not affect the stickiness of the rebate.
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Field of Study
Psychology
Content Type
Instructional material
Date Published / Released
2017
Publisher
Latest Thinking
Speaker / Narrator
Alexander Morell, 1980-
Person Discussed
Alexander Morell, 1980-
Topic / Theme
Market competition, Economic policy, Decision making, Behavior modification, Consumers
Copyright Message
Copyright © 2017 Latest Thinking
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Do Moral Capacities Change With Improving Living Conditions?
(Germany: Latest Thinking, 2017), 14 mins
We can see progress all over the world, such as technological transformations, or rising life expectancies and literacy rates. Are these improvements in material conditions accompanied by a change in moral standards? So far, such questions have mainly been discussed in the area of philosophy. CHRISTIAN WELZEL is i...
Open Access
(Germany: Latest Thinking, 2017), 14 mins
Description
We can see progress all over the world, such as technological transformations, or rising life expectancies and literacy rates. Are these improvements in material conditions accompanied by a change in moral standards? So far, such questions have mainly been discussed in the area of philosophy. CHRISTIAN WELZEL is interested in finding empirical evidence that allows tangible conclusions on this matter. As he explains in this video, his research tea...
We can see progress all over the world, such as technological transformations, or rising life expectancies and literacy rates. Are these improvements in material conditions accompanied by a change in moral standards? So far, such questions have mainly been discussed in the area of philosophy. CHRISTIAN WELZEL is interested in finding empirical evidence that allows tangible conclusions on this matter. As he explains in this video, his research team uses public opinion surveys, in particular, the World Values Survey, which questions people all over the world about their convictions and beliefs. They, then, compare these data with objective data about people’s living conditions. Their findings suggest an overarching organizing scheme that locates people’s mindsets between two poles: submissive instincts and emancipatory drives. They also found that mentalities in societies change over time depending on exterior conditions.
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Field of Study
Social Work
Content Type
Instructional material
Date Published / Released
2017
Publisher
Latest Thinking
Speaker / Narrator
Christian Welzel, 1964-
Person Discussed
Christian Welzel, 1964-
Topic / Theme
Sociocultural trends, Morality, Societal structure, Cultural diversity, Social sciences
Copyright Message
Copyright © 2017 Latest Thinking
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Do People Tend to Behave Dishonestly in Groups?
(Germany: Latest Thinking, 2017), 12 mins
In recent years, immoral behavior in firms as well as scandals in the banking sector and non-profit organizations have been widely discussed. Often it is groups rather than individuals who are responsible for these immoral acts. This video presents an economic experiment that investigates whether groups are more l...
Open Access
(Germany: Latest Thinking, 2017), 12 mins
Description
In recent years, immoral behavior in firms as well as scandals in the banking sector and non-profit organizations have been widely discussed. Often it is groups rather than individuals who are responsible for these immoral acts. This video presents an economic experiment that investigates whether groups are more likely to lie than individuals; and why this might be the case. As SIMEON SCHUDY explains, significantly more participants behave dishon...
In recent years, immoral behavior in firms as well as scandals in the banking sector and non-profit organizations have been widely discussed. Often it is groups rather than individuals who are responsible for these immoral acts. This video presents an economic experiment that investigates whether groups are more likely to lie than individuals; and why this might be the case. As SIMEON SCHUDY explains, significantly more participants behave dishonestly after communicating in a group than individually. The study shows that the possibility to exchange arguments for and against dishonesty makes group members not only more dishonest but also more pessimistic about other people’s honesty. This "dishonesty shift" might explain why unethical behavior can prevail in so many real-world institutions and makes it hard to predict (im)moral decisions of groups based on the moral standards each individual group member holds.
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Field of Study
Psychology
Content Type
Instructional material
Date Published / Released
2017
Publisher
Latest Thinking
Speaker / Narrator
Simeon Schudy, fl. 2007
Person Discussed
Simeon Schudy, fl. 2007
Topic / Theme
Pessimism, Optimism, Decision making, Honesty, Communication, Organizational behavior
Copyright Message
Copyright © 2017 Latest Thinking
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Does Logically Incoherent Decision-Making Really Have Negative Consequences?
(Hamburg, Hamburg State: Latest Thinking, 2016), 13 mins
As explained in this video it is commonly assumed that logically incoherent decision-making is irrational and costly in that it can lead e.g. to a decrease in happiness or health. An example for this would be a patient reacting differently if doctors speak of a 90% success rate of a surgery instead of a 10% failur...
Open Access
(Hamburg, Hamburg State: Latest Thinking, 2016), 13 mins
Description
As explained in this video it is commonly assumed that logically incoherent decision-making is irrational and costly in that it can lead e.g. to a decrease in happiness or health. An example for this would be a patient reacting differently if doctors speak of a 90% success rate of a surgery instead of a 10% failure rate for the same procedure. The purpose of the study presented here was to examine if there is proof in the existing literature that...
As explained in this video it is commonly assumed that logically incoherent decision-making is irrational and costly in that it can lead e.g. to a decrease in happiness or health. An example for this would be a patient reacting differently if doctors speak of a 90% success rate of a surgery instead of a 10% failure rate for the same procedure. The purpose of the study presented here was to examine if there is proof in the existing literature that incoherent decision-making actually has negative consequences and is rightly seen as irrational. According to GERD GIGERENZER the findings suggest that the above mentioned assumption is not correct and that rationality needs to be re-defined in moving away from being based on strictly mathematical probabilities to taking context into account.
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Field of Study
Psychology
Content Type
Instructional material
Date Published / Released
2016
Publisher
Latest Thinking
Speaker / Narrator
Gerd Gigerenzer, 1947-
Person Discussed
Gerd Gigerenzer, 1947-
Topic / Theme
Decision making
Copyright Message
Copyright © 2016 Latest Thinking
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How are Purchasing Decisions Impacted by the Compromise Effect?
(Germany: Latest Thinking, 2019), 11 mins
The compromise effect can be observed in the consumer’s tendency to avoid extreme ends of the available range when making purchasing decisions. In this video, MARKO SARSTEDT investigates the origins of the compromise effect. Describing an experiment that interrogates the effects of a lowering of cognitive capabi...
Open Access
(Germany: Latest Thinking, 2019), 11 mins
Description
The compromise effect can be observed in the consumer’s tendency to avoid extreme ends of the available range when making purchasing decisions. In this video, MARKO SARSTEDT investigates the origins of the compromise effect. Describing an experiment that interrogates the effects of a lowering of cognitive capability on purchasing decisions, Sarstedt argues that rather than involving fast or intuitive decision making, the compromise effect is gr...
The compromise effect can be observed in the consumer’s tendency to avoid extreme ends of the available range when making purchasing decisions. In this video, MARKO SARSTEDT investigates the origins of the compromise effect. Describing an experiment that interrogates the effects of a lowering of cognitive capability on purchasing decisions, Sarstedt argues that rather than involving fast or intuitive decision making, the compromise effect is grounded in deliberate and demanding thought processes. The research provides a platform for further work examining the links between other effects (e.g., the attraction effect and the phantom decoy effect) and cognitive depletion.
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Field of Study
Psychology
Content Type
Instructional material
Date Published / Released
2019
Publisher
Latest Thinking
Speaker / Narrator
Marko Sarstedt, fl. 2010
Person Discussed
Marko Sarstedt, fl. 2010
Topic / Theme
Consumer products, Consumers, Scientific research, Scientific method
Copyright Message
Copyright © 2019 Latest Thinking
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How Can Psychology Help Mankind to Overcome its Greatest Challenges?
(Germany: Latest Thinking, 2018), 14 mins
With unprecedented acceleration in the geophysical impact of human activities and the identification of “tipping points” from which our planet will not be able to recover, mankind faces an increasingly imminent existential threat. In this video, STEFAN BRUNNHUBER describes how insights from psychology could he...
Open Access
(Germany: Latest Thinking, 2018), 14 mins
Description
With unprecedented acceleration in the geophysical impact of human activities and the identification of “tipping points” from which our planet will not be able to recover, mankind faces an increasingly imminent existential threat. In this video, STEFAN BRUNNHUBER describes how insights from psychology could help human beings to overcome these challenges. Brunnhuber demonstrates that existing proposed solutions, alternatively centered on demog...
With unprecedented acceleration in the geophysical impact of human activities and the identification of “tipping points” from which our planet will not be able to recover, mankind faces an increasingly imminent existential threat. In this video, STEFAN BRUNNHUBER describes how insights from psychology could help human beings to overcome these challenges. Brunnhuber demonstrates that existing proposed solutions, alternatively centered on demography, technology, governance, and growth, can only be successful if they are supported by a concomitant evolution in mankind’s way of thinking. Brunnhuber shows how fundamental behavioral shifts can be underpinned by institutional support systems to encourage a mindset focused on universal standards and reciprocal tolerance that could enable humanity to draw back from the brink.
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Field of Study
Psychology
Content Type
Instructional material
Date Published / Released
2018
Publisher
Latest Thinking
Speaker / Narrator
Stefan Brunnhuber, 1962-
Person Discussed
Stefan Brunnhuber, 1962-
Topic / Theme
Psychology, Behavior modification, Geophysical features, Humanitarian values, Environmental impact analysis
Copyright Message
Copyright © 2018 Latest Thinking
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How Can We Best Respond to the Challenges Presented by Super-Diversity?
(Latest Thinking, 2018), 10 mins
More people from more places are migrating to more places, leading to greater linguistic, religious and ethnic diversity, especially in urban areas. In this video, STEVEN VERTOVEC analyzes this super-diversification and considers how societies can best respond to the challenges it presents. With sources ranging fr...
Open Access
(Latest Thinking, 2018), 10 mins
Description
More people from more places are migrating to more places, leading to greater linguistic, religious and ethnic diversity, especially in urban areas. In this video, STEVEN VERTOVEC analyzes this super-diversification and considers how societies can best respond to the challenges it presents. With sources ranging from U.N. and World Bank migration data to more ethnographic, everyday research, Vertovec observes that people’s concerns about migrati...
More people from more places are migrating to more places, leading to greater linguistic, religious and ethnic diversity, especially in urban areas. In this video, STEVEN VERTOVEC analyzes this super-diversification and considers how societies can best respond to the challenges it presents. With sources ranging from U.N. and World Bank migration data to more ethnographic, everyday research, Vertovec observes that people’s concerns about migration are exacerbated by their tendency to wildly overestimate its scale. Urging stakeholders to consider the key role that social media has come to play in defining attitudes towards diversification, Vertovec also highlights the scientifically proven benefits that result from real, positive interactions between people from different backgrounds.
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Field of Study
Social Work
Content Type
Instructional material
Contributor
Steven Vertovec, 1957-
Date Published / Released
2018
Publisher
Latest Thinking
Topic / Theme
Cultural diversity, Migration, Ethnographic research theory
Copyright Message
Copyright © 2018 Latest Thinking
×
