Browse Titles - 7 results
How Can Programming Technology Best Respond to Radical Changes in Computing?
(Latest Thinking), 11 mins
In the modern world, computer applications operate in an environment of increasing complexity. Ubiquitously connected, they rely on continuously changing interfaces with the external world to drive computations based on patterns in big data. In this video, MIRA MEZINI considers how programming technology can optim...
Open Access
(Latest Thinking), 11 mins
Description
In the modern world, computer applications operate in an environment of increasing complexity. Ubiquitously connected, they rely on continuously changing interfaces with the external world to drive computations based on patterns in big data. In this video, MIRA MEZINI considers how programming technology can optimally respond to this radically changed operating environment. Arguing that accidental complexity can be overcome by the invention of ne...
In the modern world, computer applications operate in an environment of increasing complexity. Ubiquitously connected, they rely on continuously changing interfaces with the external world to drive computations based on patterns in big data. In this video, MIRA MEZINI considers how programming technology can optimally respond to this radically changed operating environment. Arguing that accidental complexity can be overcome by the invention of new programming abstractions that directly express notions in the world, Mezini employs mathematical modeling and empirical benchmarking to validate her hypotheses. Making computer systems easier and cheaper to evolve and maintain by reducing their complexity, the solutions proposed here are also key enablers for the next generation of data-driven applications (e.g. software for self-driving cars and environmental modeling).
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Field of Study
Engineering
Publisher
Latest Thinking
Copyright Message
Copyright © 2019 Latest Thinking
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How Can Spintronic Devices Be Built to Improve Computing Capacity?
(Germany: Latest Thinking, 2017), 14 mins
The silicon-based technologies that is used today to access and compute information is reaching its limits. To further improve computing capacity, this essentially two-dimensional technology, as STUART PARKIN puts it, needs to give way to the three-dimensional approach of spintronic devices that use not only elect...
Open Access
(Germany: Latest Thinking, 2017), 14 mins
Description
The silicon-based technologies that is used today to access and compute information is reaching its limits. To further improve computing capacity, this essentially two-dimensional technology, as STUART PARKIN puts it, needs to give way to the three-dimensional approach of spintronic devices that use not only electric current but also the spin of the electrons. In this video, he explains how the research team created a new type of storage device....
The silicon-based technologies that is used today to access and compute information is reaching its limits. To further improve computing capacity, this essentially two-dimensional technology, as STUART PARKIN puts it, needs to give way to the three-dimensional approach of spintronic devices that use not only electric current but also the spin of the electrons. In this video, he explains how the research team created a new type of storage device. It consists of billions of so-called race tracks which are essentially vertical columns of magnetic material in which tiny magnetic regions representing zeros and ones are stored. These can be manipulated using a current of spin polarized electrons that can move information up and down these race tracks. During the last three to four years, the researchers discovered four distinct new physical phenomena that enable them to move the magnetic regions in these racetracks extremely efficiently with current pulses. This could pave the way to solid- state devices with about one hundred times the capacity of today's solid-state drives because of the three-dimensional nature of this new concept that is entirely derived from the new physics of spintronics.
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Field of Study
Science
Content Type
Instructional material
Date Published / Released
2017
Publisher
Latest Thinking
Speaker / Narrator
Stuart Stephen Papworth Parkin, 1955-
Person Discussed
Stuart Stephen Papworth Parkin, 1955-
Topic / Theme
Computer software, Engineering, Technology
Copyright Message
Copyright © 2017 Latest Thinking
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How Can the Characteristics of Continuum Robots Be Optimized for a Specific Medical Application?
(Germany: Latest Thinking, 2017), 12 mins
The use of continuum robots – robots that are not composed of rigid links and joints but are continuously bending structures – opens up completely new possibilities for surgery: With this tool surgeons can reach locations in the human body which they would not be able to reach with traditional surgical instrum...
Open Access
(Germany: Latest Thinking, 2017), 12 mins
Description
The use of continuum robots – robots that are not composed of rigid links and joints but are continuously bending structures – opens up completely new possibilities for surgery: With this tool surgeons can reach locations in the human body which they would not be able to reach with traditional surgical instruments. This enables them to e.g. remove brain tumors in a minimally invasive way. There are a vast number of parameters to be selected w...
The use of continuum robots – robots that are not composed of rigid links and joints but are continuously bending structures – opens up completely new possibilities for surgery: With this tool surgeons can reach locations in the human body which they would not be able to reach with traditional surgical instruments. This enables them to e.g. remove brain tumors in a minimally invasive way. There are a vast number of parameters to be selected when designing these structures, like diameter, tube thickness, and material. JESSICA BURGNER-KAHRS explains that the ideal combination depends not only on the application but also on patient characteristics. In this video, she describes how the research team tackled the challenge of selecting the right robot design by developing an optimization algorithm that makes use of evolutionary concepts from biology. Testing their simulation results in the laboratory proved that the optimization works well, but also revealed a number of open questions.
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Field of Study
Engineering
Content Type
Instructional material
Date Published / Released
2017
Publisher
Latest Thinking
Speaker / Narrator
Jessica Burgner-Kahrs, fl. 2006
Person Discussed
Jessica Burgner-Kahrs, fl. 2006
Topic / Theme
Mathematics, Cancer therapies, Surgery, Robotics, Bioengineering, Medical innovations, Medical treatments and procedures
Copyright Message
Copyright © 2017 Latest Thinking
×
How Can the Motion of Electrons Be Changed by Short Pulses of Laser Light?
(Latest Thinking), 16 mins
THOMAS PFEIFER is interested in the origins of motion: how, on an atomic level, motion is coming into play and how this motion that is initially described by the laws of quantum mechanics then transfers into the classical motion we can see. For this, researchers employ a combination of spectroscopy and laser metho...
Open Access
(Latest Thinking), 16 mins
Description
THOMAS PFEIFER is interested in the origins of motion: how, on an atomic level, motion is coming into play and how this motion that is initially described by the laws of quantum mechanics then transfers into the classical motion we can see. For this, researchers employ a combination of spectroscopy and laser methods. The specific research question presented in this video investigates how a very fundamental system, such as an atom with just one or...
THOMAS PFEIFER is interested in the origins of motion: how, on an atomic level, motion is coming into play and how this motion that is initially described by the laws of quantum mechanics then transfers into the classical motion we can see. For this, researchers employ a combination of spectroscopy and laser methods. The specific research question presented in this video investigates how a very fundamental system, such as an atom with just one or two electrons, interacts with an intense pulse of laser light on a very short time scale. Exposing the helium atom in their experiments to very short pulses of laser light, the researchers gained an understanding of the way how two, or more electrons – even in larger molecules – are moving and how they can control the motion of these electrons. This observation offers new opportunities to understand quantum motion, and eventually laser control chemical reactions.
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Field of Study
Engineering
Publisher
Latest Thinking
Copyright Message
Copyright © 2017 Latest Thinking
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How Can We Get 3D-Pictures of Moving Objects with Just One Camera?
(Germany: Latest Thinking, 2017), 14 mins
The recovering of our 3D-world with only one camera is a challenge in many fields ranging from self-driving cars to plastic surgery. In this video, DANIEL CREMERS presents innovations from computer vision to tackle that challenge. Modelling the movement of a camera in addition to the geometry of the depicted world...
Open Access
(Germany: Latest Thinking, 2017), 14 mins
Description
The recovering of our 3D-world with only one camera is a challenge in many fields ranging from self-driving cars to plastic surgery. In this video, DANIEL CREMERS presents innovations from computer vision to tackle that challenge. Modelling the movement of a camera in addition to the geometry of the depicted world and using new algorithms allow the recovery of more pictures in real-time. The algorithms compute the highest possible consistency bet...
The recovering of our 3D-world with only one camera is a challenge in many fields ranging from self-driving cars to plastic surgery. In this video, DANIEL CREMERS presents innovations from computer vision to tackle that challenge. Modelling the movement of a camera in addition to the geometry of the depicted world and using new algorithms allow the recovery of more pictures in real-time. The algorithms compute the highest possible consistency between consecutive images and make it possible to recover even moving objects with the limited computational space of a laptop.
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Field of Study
Global Issues
Content Type
Instructional material
Date Published / Released
2017
Publisher
Latest Thinking
Speaker / Narrator
Daniel Cremers, 1971-
Person Discussed
Daniel Cremers, 1971-
Topic / Theme
Computer integrated manufacturing systems, Cameras
Copyright Message
Copyright © 2017 Latest Thinking
×
How Can We Prevent Network Security Problems in Smartphone Apps?
(Latest Thinking, 2017), 9 mins
Many android apps that try to use SSL to secure network communication fail in doing so and are insecure. By detecting such security flaws and interviewing the developers, the study presented in this video shows the necessity of rethinking how developers interact with security code. As shown, developers are not, as...
Open Access
(Latest Thinking, 2017), 9 mins
Description
Many android apps that try to use SSL to secure network communication fail in doing so and are insecure. By detecting such security flaws and interviewing the developers, the study presented in this video shows the necessity of rethinking how developers interact with security code. As shown, developers are not, as often implied, infallible. This means that prevention of security problems should be carried out by increasing the usability of progra...
Many android apps that try to use SSL to secure network communication fail in doing so and are insecure. By detecting such security flaws and interviewing the developers, the study presented in this video shows the necessity of rethinking how developers interact with security code. As shown, developers are not, as often implied, infallible. This means that prevention of security problems should be carried out by increasing the usability of programming software to match the requirements of app developers, follows MATTHEW SMITH.
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Field of Study
Science
Content Type
Instructional material
Date Published / Released
2017
Publisher
Latest Thinking
Topic / Theme
Smartphones, Computer software, Computer networks
Copyright Message
Copyright © 2017 Latest Thinking
×
How Well Do Automatic Methods for Language Comparison Work?
(Latest Thinking), 10 mins
There are more than 7,000 languages spoken worldwide. Many languages have evolved from a common ancestry line but we do not yet know where all the languages have come from and why there is such a great diversity. To find out how languages are related and form a family, linguists compare them by sifting through dic...
Open Access
(Latest Thinking), 10 mins
Description
There are more than 7,000 languages spoken worldwide. Many languages have evolved from a common ancestry line but we do not yet know where all the languages have come from and why there is such a great diversity. To find out how languages are related and form a family, linguists compare them by sifting through dictionaries, grammars or word lists. Recently, scholars have proposed automatic methods to compare languages more efficiently. However, m...
There are more than 7,000 languages spoken worldwide. Many languages have evolved from a common ancestry line but we do not yet know where all the languages have come from and why there is such a great diversity. To find out how languages are related and form a family, linguists compare them by sifting through dictionaries, grammars or word lists. Recently, scholars have proposed automatic methods to compare languages more efficiently. However, many classical linguists do not trust these methods. JOHANN-MATTIS LIST wants to know how well these automatic methods for language comparison really perform. As he describes in this video, his research team compared the algorithms’ output directly with the judgment of experts using a data set covering more than five language families. They found that some algorithms perform remarkably well. This means that automatic methods of language comparison have reached a level of performance that allows linguists to use them as a pre-viewing tool.
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Field of Study
Engineering
Publisher
Latest Thinking
Copyright Message
Copyright © 2018 Latest Thinking
×