Browse Titles - 231 results
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Are Conflicts in the 21st Century Mainly Identity-based?
(Latest Thinking, 2017), 17 mins
The 20th Century has been marked by a return to ethnic and religious affiliations and identifications which continue to be in the foreground of political discourse. The rise of religious groups is represented by the media as a turbulent phenomenon, which spikes new conflicts globally. These representations of coll...
Open Access
(Latest Thinking, 2017), 17 mins
Description
The 20th Century has been marked by a return to ethnic and religious affiliations and identifications which continue to be in the foreground of political discourse. The rise of religious groups is represented by the media as a turbulent phenomenon, which spikes new conflicts globally. These representations of collective identities are politically utilized. Resource conflicts and controversies about citizenship and residence rights become more dif...
The 20th Century has been marked by a return to ethnic and religious affiliations and identifications which continue to be in the foreground of political discourse. The rise of religious groups is represented by the media as a turbulent phenomenon, which spikes new conflicts globally. These representations of collective identities are politically utilized. Resource conflicts and controversies about citizenship and residence rights become more difficult to solve, because notions of identity fuel them with generalizations and prejudice. In this video, political anthropologist GÜNTHER SCHLEE argues that collective and individual identities (i.e. which collective identity an individual opts for) are subject to change over time. The ways in which groups and individuals identify often result from a dynamic interplay between political advantages, economic opportunities and plausible identity options for personal choice. Looking at the process of identification and analyzing which factors influence it may help to improve human organization on all levels.
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Field of Study
Politics & Current Affairs
Content Type
Instructional material
Date Published / Released
2017
Publisher
Latest Thinking
Speaker / Narrator
Günther Schlee, 1951-
Person Discussed
Günther Schlee, 1951-
Topic / Theme
Religious communities, Cultural identity, Social conflict, Political theory
Copyright Message
Copyright © 2017 Latest Thinking
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Are Europeans Today Genetically Different from Their Ancestors?
presented by Johannes Krause, 1980- (Latest Thinking, 2017), 15 mins
Different ethnic groups have shaped the genetic makeup of today’s Europeans. Through migration from various regions of the world, the genetic material of humans who first arrived in Europe forty thousand years ago has seen drastic changes over the last ten thousand years. By analyzing D.N.A extracted from ancien...
Open Access
presented by Johannes Krause, 1980- (Latest Thinking, 2017), 15 mins
Description
Different ethnic groups have shaped the genetic makeup of today’s Europeans. Through migration from various regions of the world, the genetic material of humans who first arrived in Europe forty thousand years ago has seen drastic changes over the last ten thousand years. By analyzing D.N.A extracted from ancient bones, JOHANNES KRAUSE traces back the genetic ancestry of human beings, especially those living in Europe today. He explains in this...
Different ethnic groups have shaped the genetic makeup of today’s Europeans. Through migration from various regions of the world, the genetic material of humans who first arrived in Europe forty thousand years ago has seen drastic changes over the last ten thousand years. By analyzing D.N.A extracted from ancient bones, JOHANNES KRAUSE traces back the genetic ancestry of human beings, especially those living in Europe today. He explains in this video that, using recently developed D.N.A sequencing technologies, the research proves that genetic shifts happened about eight thousand as well as five thousand years ago. These findings correlate with the knowledge of archeologists that cultural changes, such as changes in subsistence strategies, occurred at the same time due to migration. The research presented shows that cultural changes and genetic changes sometimes went hand in hand.
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Field of Study
Anthropology
Content Type
Instructional material
Author / Creator
Johannes Krause, 1980-
Date Published / Released
2017
Publisher
Latest Thinking
Topic / Theme
European ethnic groups, Genetics, Europeans
Copyright Message
Copyright © 2017 Latest Thinking
ORCID
0000-0001-9144-3920
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Are There Different Types of Beauty?
(Hamburg, Hamburg State: Latest Thinking, 2019), 10 mins
Are there different types of beauty? In this video, WINFRIED MENNINGHAUS investigates the meanings of and values inherent in four categories of subject appeal, namely beauty, elegance, grace, and sexiness. Adopting a bottom-up approach which foregrounds individual beliefs over theoretical assumptions, Menninghaus...
Open Access
(Hamburg, Hamburg State: Latest Thinking, 2019), 10 mins
Description
Are there different types of beauty? In this video, WINFRIED MENNINGHAUS investigates the meanings of and values inherent in four categories of subject appeal, namely beauty, elegance, grace, and sexiness. Adopting a bottom-up approach which foregrounds individual beliefs over theoretical assumptions, Menninghaus finds that elegance, grace, and sexiness are sub-variants of the broader notion of beauty. Among its many insights, the work explores w...
Are there different types of beauty? In this video, WINFRIED MENNINGHAUS investigates the meanings of and values inherent in four categories of subject appeal, namely beauty, elegance, grace, and sexiness. Adopting a bottom-up approach which foregrounds individual beliefs over theoretical assumptions, Menninghaus finds that elegance, grace, and sexiness are sub-variants of the broader notion of beauty. Among its many insights, the work explores why persons of outstanding beauty are perceived as self-centered while, by contrast, elegance is associated with positive social virtues.
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Field of Study
Psychology
Content Type
Instructional material
Date Published / Released
2019
Publisher
Latest Thinking
Speaker / Narrator
Winfried Menninghaus, 1952-
Person Discussed
Winfried Menninghaus, 1952-
Topic / Theme
Beauty
Copyright Message
Copyright © 2019 Latest Thinking
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Are There Forms of Media Representation of Extreme Crises that Avoid Commodification and Spectacle?
(Hamburg, Hamburg State: Latest Thinking, 2017), 10 mins
In the face of extreme crises, such as natural disasters or national catastrophes, media representation frequently tends to be voyeuristic and to transform these events into spectacles. Considering this tendency, CHRISTIANE BROSIUS investigated whether there are forms of representation that allow to be close to pe...
Open Access
(Hamburg, Hamburg State: Latest Thinking, 2017), 10 mins
Description
In the face of extreme crises, such as natural disasters or national catastrophes, media representation frequently tends to be voyeuristic and to transform these events into spectacles. Considering this tendency, CHRISTIANE BROSIUS investigated whether there are forms of representation that allow to be close to people’s suffering and yet not to commodify it. She chose the 2015 earthquake in Nepal as a starting point and used both images uploade...
In the face of extreme crises, such as natural disasters or national catastrophes, media representation frequently tends to be voyeuristic and to transform these events into spectacles. Considering this tendency, CHRISTIANE BROSIUS investigated whether there are forms of representation that allow to be close to people’s suffering and yet not to commodify it. She chose the 2015 earthquake in Nepal as a starting point and used both images uploaded to social media as well as traditional anthropological fieldwork for her research. In this video, she explains that in the context of Nepal, she discovered not only that artists can avoid commodification of disaster by representing and emphasising ordinary everyday acts but also that artists quickly developed a network to help and to respond to the needs of their communities in the aftermath of the earthquake.
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Field of Study
Media Studies
Content Type
Instructional material
Date Published / Released
2017
Publisher
Latest Thinking
Speaker / Narrator
Christiane Brosius, 1966-
Person Discussed
Christiane Brosius, 1966-
Topic / Theme
News stories, Natural disasters, Crisis management
Copyright Message
Copyright © 2017 Latest Thinking
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Can a Single Model Explain Different Functions of the Human Brain?
(Germany: Latest Thinking, 2018), 8 mins
The human brain has many functions; for instance, it allows people to focus on particular objects and ignore others, or to remember events in the past. TATJANA TCHUMATCHENKO uses mathematical equations in order to understand how our brain achieves this. Previous research in this area has developed models that expl...
Open Access
(Germany: Latest Thinking, 2018), 8 mins
Description
The human brain has many functions; for instance, it allows people to focus on particular objects and ignore others, or to remember events in the past. TATJANA TCHUMATCHENKO uses mathematical equations in order to understand how our brain achieves this. Previous research in this area has developed models that explain single questions, such as ‘How does memory work?’. However, as she describes in this video, the brain has a set of hardware par...
The human brain has many functions; for instance, it allows people to focus on particular objects and ignore others, or to remember events in the past. TATJANA TCHUMATCHENKO uses mathematical equations in order to understand how our brain achieves this. Previous research in this area has developed models that explain single questions, such as ‘How does memory work?’. However, as she describes in this video, the brain has a set of hardware parameters that can be used to synthesize many different functions. Tchumatchenko’s research group has therefore focused on three of these: attention, memory, and contrast invariance. Their aim was to answer whether all three have the same underlying basic principles and can be explained by a single model. Their experimental results confirm this hypothesis and they found that the way to control the three functions is to control the neurons. These findings have implications for pharmaceutical research on drugs that act on the neuronal channel.
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Field of Study
Psychology
Content Type
Instructional material
Date Published / Released
2018
Publisher
Latest Thinking
Speaker / Narrator
Tatjana Tchumatchenko, 1980-
Person Discussed
Tatjana Tchumatchenko, 1980-
Topic / Theme
Scientific research, Brain
Copyright Message
Copyright © 2018 Latest Thinking
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Can Autism Be Explained by Biological Causes and Hence Be Treated Medically?
(Latest Thinking, 2017), 9 mins
Autism spectrum disorders are largely of genetic origin, and 5-10% of cases are currently known to be caused by a single gene mutation. Understanding the consequences of these mutations in detail can open the way for medical treatment. The study presented in this video focused on how a frequent mutation seen in pa...
Open Access
(Latest Thinking, 2017), 9 mins
Description
Autism spectrum disorders are largely of genetic origin, and 5-10% of cases are currently known to be caused by a single gene mutation. Understanding the consequences of these mutations in detail can open the way for medical treatment. The study presented in this video focused on how a frequent mutation seen in patients with autism spectrum disorders causes the brain dysfunction that leads to the behavioral symptoms. Based on mice with the same g...
Autism spectrum disorders are largely of genetic origin, and 5-10% of cases are currently known to be caused by a single gene mutation. Understanding the consequences of these mutations in detail can open the way for medical treatment. The study presented in this video focused on how a frequent mutation seen in patients with autism spectrum disorders causes the brain dysfunction that leads to the behavioral symptoms. Based on mice with the same genetic lesion that is known to cause autism spectrum disorder in human patients, mutant brains and nerve cells and the behavior of mutant mice were examined. The mice showed clear signs of autism related behavioral defects, and further analyses provided insights into the changes in brain function that are caused by the gene mutation, as NILS BROSE explains in this video. The corresponding data show that synapses of nerve cells that use the neurotransmitter GABA are particularly affected by the mutation. If these results can be confirmed to reflect the situation in the human body, there would be a chance to interfere with medication targeting GABAergic synapses.
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Field of Study
Health Policy
Content Type
Instructional material
Contributor
Nils Brose, fl. 1995
Date Published / Released
2017
Publisher
Latest Thinking
Speaker / Narrator
Nils Brose, fl. 1995
Person Discussed
Nils Brose, fl. 1995
Topic / Theme
Genetic and hereditary diseases, Autism spectrum disorder, Biology
Copyright Message
Copyright © 2017 Latest Thinking
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Can Biosignatures Be Used to Develop a Reliable, Fast and Low-Cost Test for Tuberculosis?
(Hamburg, Hamburg State: Latest Thinking, 2017), 8 mins
Tuberculosis is still a major health issue and the number one killer of all contagious diseases. But while more than 2 billion people are infected with the tuberculosis agent, only 10% develop an active disease. Current diagnostic tests cannot distinguish between infected people and people with active tuberculosis...
Open Access
(Hamburg, Hamburg State: Latest Thinking, 2017), 8 mins
Description
Tuberculosis is still a major health issue and the number one killer of all contagious diseases. But while more than 2 billion people are infected with the tuberculosis agent, only 10% develop an active disease. Current diagnostic tests cannot distinguish between infected people and people with active tuberculosis. In this video, STEFAN H. E. KAUFMANN explains that they found a characteristic gene expression profile of people infected with tuberc...
Tuberculosis is still a major health issue and the number one killer of all contagious diseases. But while more than 2 billion people are infected with the tuberculosis agent, only 10% develop an active disease. Current diagnostic tests cannot distinguish between infected people and people with active tuberculosis. In this video, STEFAN H. E. KAUFMANN explains that they found a characteristic gene expression profile of people infected with tuberculosis. Relying on only four markers they developed a highly sensitive method that is not only able to identify people with active tuberculosis but is also suitable for point of care application in countries with low resources.
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Field of Study
Health Policy
Content Type
Instructional material
Date Published / Released
2017
Publisher
Latest Thinking
Speaker / Narrator
Stefan Hugo Ernst Kaufmann, 1948-
Person Discussed
Stefan Hugo Ernst Kaufmann, 1948-
Topic / Theme
Tuberculosis
Copyright Message
Copyright © 2017 Latest Thinking
×
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Can General Relativity Explain the Properties of Gravity on Very Large Scales?
(Hamburg, Hamburg State: Latest Thinking), 8 mins
Gravity is the decisive force driving the formation and evolution of cosmic structures. BJÖRN MALTE SCHÄFER is interested in the properties of gravity on very large scales as well as in very specific questions concerning structure formation, such as how galaxies acquire their angular momentum, how they start rot...
Open Access
(Hamburg, Hamburg State: Latest Thinking), 8 mins
Description
Gravity is the decisive force driving the formation and evolution of cosmic structures. BJÖRN MALTE SCHÄFER is interested in the properties of gravity on very large scales as well as in very specific questions concerning structure formation, such as how galaxies acquire their angular momentum, how they start rotating, and how galaxies interact with surrounding structures. Currently, the understanding of gravity is based on general relativity. A...
Gravity is the decisive force driving the formation and evolution of cosmic structures. BJÖRN MALTE SCHÄFER is interested in the properties of gravity on very large scales as well as in very specific questions concerning structure formation, such as how galaxies acquire their angular momentum, how they start rotating, and how galaxies interact with surrounding structures. Currently, the understanding of gravity is based on general relativity. As is explained in this video, the research group tried to investigate the properties of gravity by making observations on very large scales, i.e. they look at the formation and evolution of structures in the universe, namely galaxies. Applying this method, they have found good evidence to further support the idea of general relativity as the theory of gravity on large scales. This allows to make specific predictions for future surveys and future experiments.
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Field of Study
Science
Content Type
Instructional material
Publisher
Latest Thinking
Topic / Theme
Solar system, Astronomy, Cosmology
Copyright Message
Copyright © 2017 Latest Thinking
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Can Moral Suasion Effectively Induce Compliance with the Law?
(Hamburg, Hamburg State: Latest Thinking), 9 mins
In the large-scale natural field experiment presented in this video different treatments to induce compliance with the law were tested: Potential evaders of TV license fees in Austria received different mailings – one presenting the prospects of financial and legal consequences, one appealing to morals and one c...
Open Access
(Hamburg, Hamburg State: Latest Thinking), 9 mins
Description
In the large-scale natural field experiment presented in this video different treatments to induce compliance with the law were tested: Potential evaders of TV license fees in Austria received different mailings – one presenting the prospects of financial and legal consequences, one appealing to morals and one communicating high compliance rates. CHRISTIAN TRAXLER explains that only the threat of consequences had a significant deterrent effect...
In the large-scale natural field experiment presented in this video different treatments to induce compliance with the law were tested: Potential evaders of TV license fees in Austria received different mailings – one presenting the prospects of financial and legal consequences, one appealing to morals and one communicating high compliance rates. CHRISTIAN TRAXLER explains that only the threat of consequences had a significant deterrent effect whereas neither of the two other mailings significantly affected compliance rates.
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Field of Study
Psychology
Content Type
Instructional material
Publisher
Latest Thinking
Speaker / Narrator
Christian Traxler, fl. 2006
Person Discussed
Christian Traxler, fl. 2006
Topic / Theme
Legal proceedings, Behavior modification, Intellectual property
Copyright Message
Copyright © 2017 Latest Thinking
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Can Multiple Platforms Profitably Co-Exist in Digital Markets?
(Hamburg, Hamburg State: Latest Thinking, 2018), 12 mins
In the internet age, digital platforms are providing increasingly important settings for buyers and sellers to interact. In this video, MARTIN PEITZ investigates why some markets tend to be dominated by single platforms (e.g. Google for internet search) while others (e.g. hotel booking) allow multiple platforms to...
Open Access
(Hamburg, Hamburg State: Latest Thinking, 2018), 12 mins
Description
In the internet age, digital platforms are providing increasingly important settings for buyers and sellers to interact. In this video, MARTIN PEITZ investigates why some markets tend to be dominated by single platforms (e.g. Google for internet search) while others (e.g. hotel booking) allow multiple platforms to profitably co-exist. Using theoretical modeling, the research indicates that sellers in particular markets may prefer to locate themse...
In the internet age, digital platforms are providing increasingly important settings for buyers and sellers to interact. In this video, MARTIN PEITZ investigates why some markets tend to be dominated by single platforms (e.g. Google for internet search) while others (e.g. hotel booking) allow multiple platforms to profitably co-exist. Using theoretical modeling, the research indicates that sellers in particular markets may prefer to locate themselves in distinct platforms in order to reduce the intensity of competition. Enhancing our understanding of how digital markets function, Peitz’s work provides valuable underpinning for future competition policy.
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Field of Study
Media Studies
Content Type
Instructional material
Date Published / Released
2018
Publisher
Latest Thinking
Speaker / Narrator
Martin Peitz, fl. 2009
Person Discussed
Martin Peitz, fl. 2009
Topic / Theme
Online selling, Marketing and advertising
Copyright Message
Copyright © 2018 Latest Thinking
×
