Browse Titles - 14 results
Can a Single Model Explain Different Functions of the Human Brain?
(Germany: Latest Thinking, 2018), 8 mins
The human brain has many functions; for instance, it allows people to focus on particular objects and ignore others, or to remember events in the past. TATJANA TCHUMATCHENKO uses mathematical equations in order to understand how our brain achieves this. Previous research in this area has developed models that expl...
Open Access
(Germany: Latest Thinking, 2018), 8 mins
Description
The human brain has many functions; for instance, it allows people to focus on particular objects and ignore others, or to remember events in the past. TATJANA TCHUMATCHENKO uses mathematical equations in order to understand how our brain achieves this. Previous research in this area has developed models that explain single questions, such as ‘How does memory work?’. However, as she describes in this video, the brain has a set of hardware par...
The human brain has many functions; for instance, it allows people to focus on particular objects and ignore others, or to remember events in the past. TATJANA TCHUMATCHENKO uses mathematical equations in order to understand how our brain achieves this. Previous research in this area has developed models that explain single questions, such as ‘How does memory work?’. However, as she describes in this video, the brain has a set of hardware parameters that can be used to synthesize many different functions. Tchumatchenko’s research group has therefore focused on three of these: attention, memory, and contrast invariance. Their aim was to answer whether all three have the same underlying basic principles and can be explained by a single model. Their experimental results confirm this hypothesis and they found that the way to control the three functions is to control the neurons. These findings have implications for pharmaceutical research on drugs that act on the neuronal channel.
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Field of Study
Psychology
Content Type
Instructional material
Date Published / Released
2018
Publisher
Latest Thinking
Speaker / Narrator
Tatjana Tchumatchenko, 1980-
Person Discussed
Tatjana Tchumatchenko, 1980-
Topic / Theme
Scientific research, Brain
Copyright Message
Copyright © 2018 Latest Thinking
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Can Moral Suasion Effectively Induce Compliance with the Law?
(Hamburg, Hamburg State: Latest Thinking), 9 mins
In the large-scale natural field experiment presented in this video different treatments to induce compliance with the law were tested: Potential evaders of TV license fees in Austria received different mailings – one presenting the prospects of financial and legal consequences, one appealing to morals and one c...
Open Access
(Hamburg, Hamburg State: Latest Thinking), 9 mins
Description
In the large-scale natural field experiment presented in this video different treatments to induce compliance with the law were tested: Potential evaders of TV license fees in Austria received different mailings – one presenting the prospects of financial and legal consequences, one appealing to morals and one communicating high compliance rates. CHRISTIAN TRAXLER explains that only the threat of consequences had a significant deterrent effect...
In the large-scale natural field experiment presented in this video different treatments to induce compliance with the law were tested: Potential evaders of TV license fees in Austria received different mailings – one presenting the prospects of financial and legal consequences, one appealing to morals and one communicating high compliance rates. CHRISTIAN TRAXLER explains that only the threat of consequences had a significant deterrent effect whereas neither of the two other mailings significantly affected compliance rates.
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Field of Study
Psychology
Content Type
Instructional material
Publisher
Latest Thinking
Speaker / Narrator
Christian Traxler, fl. 2006
Person Discussed
Christian Traxler, fl. 2006
Topic / Theme
Legal proceedings, Behavior modification, Intellectual property
Copyright Message
Copyright © 2017 Latest Thinking
×
Do Exclusivity Rebates Cause Psychological Switching Costs in Consumers?
(Germany: Latest Thinking, 2017), 13 mins
Firms, be it coffee shops or airlines, often try to bind customers with exclusivity rebates rewarding loyalty. The lab experiment presented in this video reveals that these programs are “sticky”: customers stay in those programs longer than would be “rational”. As ALEXANDER MORELL explains, customers often...
Open Access
(Germany: Latest Thinking, 2017), 13 mins
Description
Firms, be it coffee shops or airlines, often try to bind customers with exclusivity rebates rewarding loyalty. The lab experiment presented in this video reveals that these programs are “sticky”: customers stay in those programs longer than would be “rational”. As ALEXANDER MORELL explains, customers often don’t switch to alternatives even if reaching the rebate becomes improbable. Contrary to common behavioral assumptions, the duration...
Firms, be it coffee shops or airlines, often try to bind customers with exclusivity rebates rewarding loyalty. The lab experiment presented in this video reveals that these programs are “sticky”: customers stay in those programs longer than would be “rational”. As ALEXANDER MORELL explains, customers often don’t switch to alternatives even if reaching the rebate becomes improbable. Contrary to common behavioral assumptions, the duration of rebate programs or the size of rebates did not affect the stickiness of the rebate.
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Field of Study
Psychology
Content Type
Instructional material
Date Published / Released
2017
Publisher
Latest Thinking
Speaker / Narrator
Alexander Morell, 1980-
Person Discussed
Alexander Morell, 1980-
Topic / Theme
Market competition, Economic policy, Decision making, Behavior modification, Consumers
Copyright Message
Copyright © 2017 Latest Thinking
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Do People Tend to Behave Dishonestly in Groups?
(Germany: Latest Thinking, 2017), 12 mins
In recent years, immoral behavior in firms as well as scandals in the banking sector and non-profit organizations have been widely discussed. Often it is groups rather than individuals who are responsible for these immoral acts. This video presents an economic experiment that investigates whether groups are more l...
Open Access
(Germany: Latest Thinking, 2017), 12 mins
Description
In recent years, immoral behavior in firms as well as scandals in the banking sector and non-profit organizations have been widely discussed. Often it is groups rather than individuals who are responsible for these immoral acts. This video presents an economic experiment that investigates whether groups are more likely to lie than individuals; and why this might be the case. As SIMEON SCHUDY explains, significantly more participants behave dishon...
In recent years, immoral behavior in firms as well as scandals in the banking sector and non-profit organizations have been widely discussed. Often it is groups rather than individuals who are responsible for these immoral acts. This video presents an economic experiment that investigates whether groups are more likely to lie than individuals; and why this might be the case. As SIMEON SCHUDY explains, significantly more participants behave dishonestly after communicating in a group than individually. The study shows that the possibility to exchange arguments for and against dishonesty makes group members not only more dishonest but also more pessimistic about other people’s honesty. This "dishonesty shift" might explain why unethical behavior can prevail in so many real-world institutions and makes it hard to predict (im)moral decisions of groups based on the moral standards each individual group member holds.
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Field of Study
Psychology
Content Type
Instructional material
Date Published / Released
2017
Publisher
Latest Thinking
Speaker / Narrator
Simeon Schudy, fl. 2007
Person Discussed
Simeon Schudy, fl. 2007
Topic / Theme
Pessimism, Optimism, Decision making, Honesty, Communication, Organizational behavior
Copyright Message
Copyright © 2017 Latest Thinking
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The Followership Effect: charismatic oratory, hypnosis and altered states of consciousness
produced by University of Surrey (Surrey, England: University of Surrey, 2015), 3 mins
This thesis examines how political leaders use many of the same techniques as stage hypnotists - and if this is the case, can it be optimized?
Open Access
produced by University of Surrey (Surrey, England: University of Surrey, 2015), 3 mins
Description
This thesis examines how political leaders use many of the same techniques as stage hypnotists - and if this is the case, can it be optimized?
Field of Study
Psychology
Content Type
Lecture/presentation
Contributor
University of Surrey
Date Published / Released
2015
Publisher
University of Surrey
Topic / Theme
Hypnosis, Scientific research
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How are Purchasing Decisions Impacted by the Compromise Effect?
(Germany: Latest Thinking, 2019), 11 mins
The compromise effect can be observed in the consumer’s tendency to avoid extreme ends of the available range when making purchasing decisions. In this video, MARKO SARSTEDT investigates the origins of the compromise effect. Describing an experiment that interrogates the effects of a lowering of cognitive capabi...
Open Access
(Germany: Latest Thinking, 2019), 11 mins
Description
The compromise effect can be observed in the consumer’s tendency to avoid extreme ends of the available range when making purchasing decisions. In this video, MARKO SARSTEDT investigates the origins of the compromise effect. Describing an experiment that interrogates the effects of a lowering of cognitive capability on purchasing decisions, Sarstedt argues that rather than involving fast or intuitive decision making, the compromise effect is gr...
The compromise effect can be observed in the consumer’s tendency to avoid extreme ends of the available range when making purchasing decisions. In this video, MARKO SARSTEDT investigates the origins of the compromise effect. Describing an experiment that interrogates the effects of a lowering of cognitive capability on purchasing decisions, Sarstedt argues that rather than involving fast or intuitive decision making, the compromise effect is grounded in deliberate and demanding thought processes. The research provides a platform for further work examining the links between other effects (e.g., the attraction effect and the phantom decoy effect) and cognitive depletion.
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Field of Study
Psychology
Content Type
Instructional material
Date Published / Released
2019
Publisher
Latest Thinking
Speaker / Narrator
Marko Sarstedt, fl. 2010
Person Discussed
Marko Sarstedt, fl. 2010
Topic / Theme
Consumer products, Consumers, Scientific research, Scientific method
Copyright Message
Copyright © 2019 Latest Thinking
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How Do Aesthetic Experiences Function in the Brain?
(Germany: Latest Thinking, 2019), 10 mins
Aesthetic experiences make a vital contribution to our lives. In this video, focusing on responses to artwork, architecture and natural landscapes, EDWARD VESSEL explores how aesthetic experiences function in the brain. Employing functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI), Vessel attempts to correlate subjects..
Open Access
(Germany: Latest Thinking, 2019), 10 mins
Description
Aesthetic experiences make a vital contribution to our lives. In this video, focusing on responses to artwork, architecture and natural landscapes, EDWARD VESSEL explores how aesthetic experiences function in the brain. Employing functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI), Vessel attempts to correlate subjects’ aesthetic responses with data from two brain regions, the ventral occipitotemporal cortex and the default mode network. Extending our...
Aesthetic experiences make a vital contribution to our lives. In this video, focusing on responses to artwork, architecture and natural landscapes, EDWARD VESSEL explores how aesthetic experiences function in the brain. Employing functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI), Vessel attempts to correlate subjects’ aesthetic responses with data from two brain regions, the ventral occipitotemporal cortex and the default mode network. Extending our understanding of the role and function of these brain networks, Vessel’s research may have important implications beyond cognitive neuroscience, for how we learn and for human health and well being.
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Field of Study
Medical Imaging
Content Type
Instructional material
Date Published / Released
2019
Publisher
Latest Thinking
Speaker / Narrator
Edward A. Vessel
Person Discussed
Edward A. Vessel
Topic / Theme
Brain, Scientific research
Copyright Message
Copyright © 2019 Latest Thinking
×
How Does Empathy Affect Trade-Offs People Are Willing to Make Between Their Own and Other’s Income?
(Germany: Latest Thinking, 2017), 14 mins
The research presented in this video focuses on the question how empathy affects economic choice-behavior. In order to refine existing models of decision-making, two different concepts of empathy “imagine-self” and “imagine-other”, the latter requiring a higher level of sophistication, were included in gam...
Open Access
(Germany: Latest Thinking, 2017), 14 mins
Description
The research presented in this video focuses on the question how empathy affects economic choice-behavior. In order to refine existing models of decision-making, two different concepts of empathy “imagine-self” and “imagine-other”, the latter requiring a higher level of sophistication, were included in game theoretic models. As JUSTIN VALASEK explains, it is established that empathy does not necessarily lead to more altruistic behavior an...
The research presented in this video focuses on the question how empathy affects economic choice-behavior. In order to refine existing models of decision-making, two different concepts of empathy “imagine-self” and “imagine-other”, the latter requiring a higher level of sophistication, were included in game theoretic models. As JUSTIN VALASEK explains, it is established that empathy does not necessarily lead to more altruistic behavior and in some settings even the reverse is the case.
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Field of Study
Psychology
Content Type
Instructional material
Date Published / Released
2017
Publisher
Latest Thinking
Copyright Message
Copyright © 2017 Latest Thinking
×
How Does Making Music Change the Brain Depending on the Starting Age?
(Germany: Latest Thinking, 2017), 6 mins
Only in the last decades research found that experiences change the human brain. The research presented in this video deals with the question how making music reorganizes neural pathways in the brain. In a comparative study of brains of pianists who started playing early in life with those of pianists who started...
Open Access
(Germany: Latest Thinking, 2017), 6 mins
Description
Only in the last decades research found that experiences change the human brain. The research presented in this video deals with the question how making music reorganizes neural pathways in the brain. In a comparative study of brains of pianists who started playing early in life with those of pianists who started later and those of non-musicians ECKART ALTENMÜLLER found significant differences: Among others, the brain regions important for emoti...
Only in the last decades research found that experiences change the human brain. The research presented in this video deals with the question how making music reorganizes neural pathways in the brain. In a comparative study of brains of pianists who started playing early in life with those of pianists who started later and those of non-musicians ECKART ALTENMÜLLER found significant differences: Among others, the brain regions important for emotions, automation of movement, hand control, and for analyzing melodies are developed differently. Surprisingly, some of these regions are smaller in the brains of musicians, especially those who started in early childhood. This leads to the interpretation that if people start making music later they need larger neuronal networks for the same skill-level.
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Field of Study
Psychology
Content Type
Instructional material
Date Published / Released
2017
Publisher
Latest Thinking
Speaker / Narrator
Eckart Altenmüller, 1955-
Person Discussed
Eckart Altenmüller, 1955-
Topic / Theme
Music, Brain
Copyright Message
Copyright © 2017 Latest Thinking
×
How Reproducible Are Results from Empirical Psychology?
(Germany: Latest Thinking, 2017), 10 mins
To maintain confidence in scientific findings, the project presented in this video by SUSANN FIEDLER examines the reproducibility rate of empirical results in psychology: Studies published in three major psychological journals in 2008 are replicated by other researchers in collaboration with the original authors....
Open Access
(Germany: Latest Thinking, 2017), 10 mins
Description
To maintain confidence in scientific findings, the project presented in this video by SUSANN FIEDLER examines the reproducibility rate of empirical results in psychology: Studies published in three major psychological journals in 2008 are replicated by other researchers in collaboration with the original authors. The results of original and replicated studies are compared to determine the general reproducibility rate in psychological science as w...
To maintain confidence in scientific findings, the project presented in this video by SUSANN FIEDLER examines the reproducibility rate of empirical results in psychology: Studies published in three major psychological journals in 2008 are replicated by other researchers in collaboration with the original authors. The results of original and replicated studies are compared to determine the general reproducibility rate in psychological science as well as the factors that predict it.
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Field of Study
Psychology
Content Type
Instructional material
Date Published / Released
2017
Publisher
Latest Thinking
Speaker / Narrator
Susann Fiedler, fl. 2008
Person Discussed
Susann Fiedler, fl. 2008
Topic / Theme
Scientific research, Psychology
Copyright Message
Copyright © 2017 Latest Thinking
×