Browse Titles - 25785 results
Synthesis, Electrical Properties and Chemical Stability of BaCe0.7In0.3-xGdxO3-[delta]
(Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications, 2016), 13 page(s)
In3+, Gd3+ were selected as substitution elements for Ce4+ in order to increase electrical conductivity and chemical stability of BaCeO3. A modified sol-gel method was used to fabricate BaCe0.7In0.3-xGdxO3-d (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) nanopowders. XRD results indicated that the diffraction angle moved to lower with in...
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(Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications, 2016), 13 page(s)
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In3+, Gd3+ were selected as substitution elements for Ce4+ in order to increase electrical conductivity and chemical stability of BaCeO3. A modified sol-gel method was used to fabricate BaCe0.7In0.3-xGdxO3-d (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) nanopowders. XRD results indicated that the diffraction angle moved to lower with increase of the Gd3 + doping concentration, so that the interplanar spacing gradually increased. The impedance spectra analysis showed th...
In3+, Gd3+ were selected as substitution elements for Ce4+ in order to increase electrical conductivity and chemical stability of BaCeO3. A modified sol-gel method was used to fabricate BaCe0.7In0.3-xGdxO3-d (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) nanopowders. XRD results indicated that the diffraction angle moved to lower with increase of the Gd3 + doping concentration, so that the interplanar spacing gradually increased. The impedance spectra analysis showed that conductivity first increased (x = 0~0.2) and then decreased with the Gd3 + doping increase. The total conductivities at 800oC were 3.8 × 10-3 S cm-1 (x = 0), 8.0 × 10-3 S cm-1 (x = 0.1), 2.5 × 10-2 S cm-1 (x = 0.2), 1.36 × 10-2 S cm-1 (x = 0.3). Chemical stability test in CO2 show that all samples except for x=0.3 sample calcination at 800oC for 2h under 100% CO2 and x=0, 0.1 samples heating in boiling water for 12h kept main perovskite structure. Therefore, x=0.1 sample show better electrical conductivity and chemical stability.
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Field of Study
Global Issues
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Periodical article
Date Published / Released
2016-03, 2016
Publisher
Trans Tech Publications
Topic / Theme
Engineering
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Copyright © 2016 Trans Tech Publications Ltd.
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Synthesis of 60 (wt.)%SiO2-40 (wt.)%CaO Sol-Gel Derived Glass-Ceramic and In Vitro Bioactivity Assessment in SBF Solution
(Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications, 2016), 13 page(s)
The objective of this study is to determine the bioactive property of compacted and crystallized glass-ceramic based on 60 (wt.)%SiO2-40 (wt.)%CaO by immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) for various times. The powder of this phosphate-free glasses based on binary SiO2-CaO system was synthesized via an acid cata...
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(Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications, 2016), 13 page(s)
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The objective of this study is to determine the bioactive property of compacted and crystallized glass-ceramic based on 60 (wt.)%SiO2-40 (wt.)%CaO by immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) for various times. The powder of this phosphate-free glasses based on binary SiO2-CaO system was synthesized via an acid catalyzed sol-gel route prior to powder compaction for the bioactivity assessment. The main chemical precursors used for synthesis the glas...
The objective of this study is to determine the bioactive property of compacted and crystallized glass-ceramic based on 60 (wt.)%SiO2-40 (wt.)%CaO by immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) for various times. The powder of this phosphate-free glasses based on binary SiO2-CaO system was synthesized via an acid catalyzed sol-gel route prior to powder compaction for the bioactivity assessment. The main chemical precursors used for synthesis the glass powder were tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) and calcium nitrate tetrahydrate reagent whereas nitric acid was used as the catalyst during the sol-gel process. The obtained hydrogels were dried, heat treated and grounded into powders before being pressed into rounded shape compacts. The initial compacted glass then sintered at 1000°C for 4 hours in typical muffle furnace to obtain crystallized glass-ceramic phase. Precipitation of apatite structures on the glass-ceramic surface were observed by immersion of the compacted pellets into SBF solution from one to 21 days. All the test results obtained from X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform-Infrared (FT-IR), Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) indicates that the sintered glass-ceramic showed an actively bioactivity property. Precipitation of apatite was detected on the surface of the compacted glass-ceramic within the first 24 hours after being immersed in SBF. The development of apatite structures were continuously increased and progressively growth into coral-like structure and has particularly found to crystallize into carbonated apatite (HCA) layer after 14 days of immersion in SBF.
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Field of Study
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Periodical article
Date Published / Released
2016-01, 2016
Publisher
Trans Tech Publications
Topic / Theme
Engineering
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Copyright © 2016 Trans Tech Publications Ltd.
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Synthesis of Bioactives Coumarin Derivatives, Phthalocyanines and Terminal Conjugated Dienes via a Ruthenium Catalyzed Cross-Metathesis: App...
(Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications, 2016), 55 page(s)
This study aimed for the synthesis of 4-Aryl-2-amino-6-(4-hydroxy coumarin-3-yl) pyridine-3-carbonitriles derivatives 4, suitable for use as antibacterial, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities via a versatile, readily accessible 3-((2E)-3(aryl)prop-2-enoyl)-2H-chromen-2-one, 3, which was prepared by reflu...
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(Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications, 2016), 55 page(s)
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This study aimed for the synthesis of 4-Aryl-2-amino-6-(4-hydroxy coumarin-3-yl) pyridine-3-carbonitriles derivatives 4, suitable for use as antibacterial, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities via a versatile, readily accessible 3-((2E)-3(aryl)prop-2-enoyl)-2H-chromen-2-one, 3, which was prepared by refluxing 3-acetyl-4-hydroxycoumarin with aromatic aldehydes in chloroform in the presence of a catalytic amount of piperidine. Then the dir...
This study aimed for the synthesis of 4-Aryl-2-amino-6-(4-hydroxy coumarin-3-yl) pyridine-3-carbonitriles derivatives 4, suitable for use as antibacterial, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities via a versatile, readily accessible 3-((2E)-3(aryl)prop-2-enoyl)-2H-chromen-2-one, 3, which was prepared by refluxing 3-acetyl-4-hydroxycoumarin with aromatic aldehydes in chloroform in the presence of a catalytic amount of piperidine. Then the direct reaction of the obtained chalcones 3 with malonitrile in the presence of ammonium acetate in one step gave products 4. Most of the new compound 4 exhibit moderate antibacterial activity against Gram Negative bacterial strains (E. coli, K. pneumonia, S. typhi and S. flexneri). In addition, the compounds 4 were investigated for anti-oxidant activities by super oxide radical, DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), and hydroxyl radical scavenging assays, where most of the compounds displayed significant antioxidant activities. Furthermore, these 4-Aryl-2-amino-6-(4-hydroxy coumarin-3-yl) pyridine-3-carbonitriles 4 were evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity by indirect haemolytic and lipoxygenase inhibition assays where compounds revealed good activity. The preparation of novel metal-free phthalocyanines and metallophthalocyanine complexes 11 and 12 (MPcs, M = Co, Zn, Cu and Mn), with four peripheral 6-hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin and 6-hydroxycoumarin substituents, were also prepared by cyclotetramerization of compounds 7 and 10 with the corresponding metal salts (Zn(OAc)2.2H2O, Co(OAc)2.4H2O, CuCl, Mn(OAc)2.4H2O) as a template for macrocycle formation in 2-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethanol.The electronic spectra of these compounds exhibit a band of coumarin identity together with characteristic bands of the phthalocyanine core. The new compounds were screened for antibacterial activity. Most of them are active against E. coli and S. aureus. In addition, some novel 3-acetylcoumarin derivatives 17 were prepared in good yields. Their in vitro antioxidant activities were assayed by the quantitative 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity method. In this way, novel coumarin phtalonitriles derivatives 42-44 were synthesized.The synthesis of these coumarin phtalonitriles was resulting from a nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction between 4-nitrophtalonitrile and coumarins derivatives. The complexing properties of the coumarin derivatives toward alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, some transition metals and some heavy metal cations have been investigated in acetonitrile by means of UV spectrophotometry absorption and conductivity methods. Thus, the stoichiometry of the complexes formed and their stability constants were determined. We report also in this book chapter a sequence of two ruthenium-catalyzed transformations, namely olefin cross metathesis with allylic chloride followed by elimination, which gives a straightforward access to terminal 1,3-dienes from natural products. The structures of all the new obtained compounds were confirmed by elemental analysis, IR, and multinuclear/multidimensional NMR spectroscopy (1H, 13C-NMR, NOESY, HMBC) which allowed assignment of the complete network of proton and carbon atoms).
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Field of Study
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Periodical article
Date Published / Released
2016-02, 2016
Publisher
Trans Tech Publications
Topic / Theme
Engineering
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Copyright © 2016 Trans Tech Publications Ltd.
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Synthesis of BiVO4/Bi2VO5.5 Heterogeneous Nanostructures with Enhanced Visible Light Photocatalytic Activity
(Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications, 2016), 10 page(s)
BiVO4/Bi2VO5.5 heterogeneous nanostructures with enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity were successfully prepared by a facile one-pot solvothermal method, where diethylene glycol (DEG) was used as the solvent. The as-prepared products were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy...
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(Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications, 2016), 10 page(s)
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BiVO4/Bi2VO5.5 heterogeneous nanostructures with enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity were successfully prepared by a facile one-pot solvothermal method, where diethylene glycol (DEG) was used as the solvent. The as-prepared products were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS) and UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. The results revealed that the molar ratio of Bi3+ to...
BiVO4/Bi2VO5.5 heterogeneous nanostructures with enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity were successfully prepared by a facile one-pot solvothermal method, where diethylene glycol (DEG) was used as the solvent. The as-prepared products were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS) and UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. The results revealed that the molar ratio of Bi3+ to VO43- played an important role in the formation of crystal and morphology. These BiVO4/Bi2VO5.5 heterogeneous nanostructures exhibited higher visible-light-driven photocatalytic efficiency compared to the pure BiVO4 and Bi2VO5.5. For the methyl orange (MO) degradation efficiency of BiVO4/Bi2VO5.5 heterogeneous nanostructures under visible light irradiation, about 95% of MO was degraded within 40min, which is much higher than pure BiVO4 and Bi2VO5.5. The enhancement of photocatalytic activity can attribute to the promoted light absorption capability and the separation efficiency of photo-generated electron-hole pairs.
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Field of Study
Global Issues
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Periodical article
Date Published / Released
2016-03, 2016
Publisher
Trans Tech Publications
Topic / Theme
Engineering
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Copyright © 2016 Trans Tech Publications Ltd.
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Synthesis of Copper/Silicon-Carbide Composites in a Thermodynamic Disequilibrium
(Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications, 2015), 10 page(s)
Composites with interpenetrating metal-ceramic microstructures (IPC, interpenetrating composites) can be tailored for specific applications, such as high thermal conductivity combined with low thermal expansion, e.g. for heat sinks. Heat sinks are required in power electronic devices or in future fusion reactor te...
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(Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications, 2015), 10 page(s)
Description
Composites with interpenetrating metal-ceramic microstructures (IPC, interpenetrating composites) can be tailored for specific applications, such as high thermal conductivity combined with low thermal expansion, e.g. for heat sinks. Heat sinks are required in power electronic devices or in future fusion reactor technology where extreme conditions and high cyclic thermo-mechanical loads appear. Due to its rigid ceramic backbone IPCs are expected t...
Composites with interpenetrating metal-ceramic microstructures (IPC, interpenetrating composites) can be tailored for specific applications, such as high thermal conductivity combined with low thermal expansion, e.g. for heat sinks. Heat sinks are required in power electronic devices or in future fusion reactor technology where extreme conditions and high cyclic thermo-mechanical loads appear. Due to its rigid ceramic backbone IPCs are expected to reveal high thermal stability. Pure silicon carbide exhibits high thermal conductivity, low coefficient of thermal expansion, high corrosion and wear resistance. But it is also known as a very brittle material when mechanical loads are applied. Thus a composite of silicon carbide with ductile and highly conductive copper seems to be a promising new material for a number of applications.This paper reports the synthesis of Cu-SiC composites using a unique high temperature squeeze casting process (HTSC). Microstructural design of SiC-preforms with open porosity and its synthesis progress is reported. Influence of preform properties, temperature, pressure and atmosphere during HTSC were investigated. A qualitative and quantitative description of the microstructure of the composites and their composition allows the creation of structure-property correlations that take effect retroactively to the casting process.
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Field of Study
Global Issues
Content Type
Periodical article
Date Published / Released
2015-07, 2015
Publisher
Trans Tech Publications
Topic / Theme
Engineering
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Copyright © 2015 Trans Tech Publications Ltd.
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Synthesis of Efficient Ni0.9X0.1Se2 (X=Cd, Co, Sn and Zn) Based Ternary Selenides for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
(Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications, 2015), 15 page(s)
A low-cost platinum (Pt) free electrocatalyst of NiSe2 and Ni0.9X0.1Se2 (X=Cd, Co, Sn and Zn) have been developed by hydrothermal reduction route and utilized as counter electrode (CE) in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The purity, phase formation and morphology of the sample were characterized by X-ray diffra...
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(Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications, 2015), 15 page(s)
Description
A low-cost platinum (Pt) free electrocatalyst of NiSe2 and Ni0.9X0.1Se2 (X=Cd, Co, Sn and Zn) have been developed by hydrothermal reduction route and utilized as counter electrode (CE) in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The purity, phase formation and morphology of the sample were characterized by X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy. The electrocatalytic activity of the synthesized...
A low-cost platinum (Pt) free electrocatalyst of NiSe2 and Ni0.9X0.1Se2 (X=Cd, Co, Sn and Zn) have been developed by hydrothermal reduction route and utilized as counter electrode (CE) in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The purity, phase formation and morphology of the sample were characterized by X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy. The electrocatalytic activity of the synthesized selenides for the reduction of I3- to I- was evaluated using cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The Ni0.9Zn0.1Se2 CE exhibited lower internal resistance and higher electrocatalytic activity than the other ternary metal selenides and this may be due to an increase in the electrocatalytic active sites on the surface of Ni0.9Zn0.1Se2. As a result, the DSSC fabricated with Ni0.9Sn0.1Se2 CE achieved a high power conversion efficiency of 4.20% under an illumination of 100 mW/cm2, which is comparable to that of DSSC with Pt CE (6.11%). These results demonstrate the potential application of Ni0.9Zn0.1Se2 as an alternative CE to replace expensive Pt in DSSCs. This study can be further extended for the development of new metal selenides based CE electrocatalysts with high activity for the DSSCs.
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Field of Study
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Content Type
Periodical article
Date Published / Released
2015-11, 2015
Publisher
Trans Tech Publications
Topic / Theme
Engineering
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Copyright © 2015 Trans Tech Publications Ltd.
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Synthesis of Hard-Melting Carbide, Nitrite and Intermetallic Phases with Surface Electron-Beam Microalloying
(Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications, 2016), 12 page(s)
The experimental results prove the ability to produce layers modified by microalloying with electron-beam technology using wide range of materials. Such layers were produced due to initiating exothermic chemical reactions between the base and the thin film covered the base. This resulted in finding new phase compo...
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(Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications, 2016), 12 page(s)
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The experimental results prove the ability to produce layers modified by microalloying with electron-beam technology using wide range of materials. Such layers were produced due to initiating exothermic chemical reactions between the base and the thin film covered the base. This resulted in finding new phase compounds in reaction products.
Field of Study
Global Issues
Content Type
Periodical article
Date Published / Released
2016-10, 2016
Publisher
Trans Tech Publications
Topic / Theme
Engineering
Copyright Message
Copyright © 2016 Trans Tech Publications Ltd.
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Synthesis of Highly Luminescent CdSe/ZnCdS Quantum Dots with Deep-Red Emissions
(Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications, 2016), 9 page(s)
CdSe cores with larger radius were prepared by means of two-steps injection of the Cd precursor. Efforts were made to avoid the Ostwald ripening process during the quantum dots grown up. The prepared CdSe cores showed zinc-blende structure with size exceeded over 7 nm. The emission efficiency of prepared quantum d...
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(Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications, 2016), 9 page(s)
Description
CdSe cores with larger radius were prepared by means of two-steps injection of the Cd precursor. Efforts were made to avoid the Ostwald ripening process during the quantum dots grown up. The prepared CdSe cores showed zinc-blende structure with size exceeded over 7 nm. The emission efficiency of prepared quantum dots were 15%, while it increased drastically up to 43% after the formation of ZnCdS shells on the CdSe cores. Morphologies and structur...
CdSe cores with larger radius were prepared by means of two-steps injection of the Cd precursor. Efforts were made to avoid the Ostwald ripening process during the quantum dots grown up. The prepared CdSe cores showed zinc-blende structure with size exceeded over 7 nm. The emission efficiency of prepared quantum dots were 15%, while it increased drastically up to 43% after the formation of ZnCdS shells on the CdSe cores. Morphologies and structures of the quantum dots were characterized by HR-TEM and XRD diffraction. The obtained quantum dots with emission wavelengths more than 660 nm were expected to find their applications in bio-imaging and plant illuminations.
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Field of Study
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Date Published / Released
2016-03, 2016
Publisher
Trans Tech Publications
Topic / Theme
Engineering
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Copyright © 2016 Trans Tech Publications Ltd.
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Synthesis of Iron-Containing Preceramic Polymer and Preparation of Fe/Si/C Ceramics via Precursor-Derived Method
(Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications, 2016), 10 page(s)
Iron-containing SiC ceramics have low specific resistivity and excellent electromagnetic properties. In this work, hyperbranched polyferrocenylsilane as the precursor of Fe/Si/C ceramics was prepared by the reaction of ferrocenyl dilithium, dichlorodimethylsilane and trichloromethylsilane. The ceramization process...
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(Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications, 2016), 10 page(s)
Description
Iron-containing SiC ceramics have low specific resistivity and excellent electromagnetic properties. In this work, hyperbranched polyferrocenylsilane as the precursor of Fe/Si/C ceramics was prepared by the reaction of ferrocenyl dilithium, dichlorodimethylsilane and trichloromethylsilane. The ceramization process of the preceramic polymer from organic to inorganic was then investigated. Precursor microspheres were prepared by emulsion method, wh...
Iron-containing SiC ceramics have low specific resistivity and excellent electromagnetic properties. In this work, hyperbranched polyferrocenylsilane as the precursor of Fe/Si/C ceramics was prepared by the reaction of ferrocenyl dilithium, dichlorodimethylsilane and trichloromethylsilane. The ceramization process of the preceramic polymer from organic to inorganic was then investigated. Precursor microspheres were prepared by emulsion method, which were then pyrolyzed to obtain Fe/Si/C ceramic microspheres.The composition, structure and morphologies of the precursor and ceramics were characterized by 1H-NMR, FT-IR, TG-MS, XRD, SEM and EDS. Experimental results showed that the hyperbranched precursor was successfully synthesized, the pyrolytic process of which started at 350 °Cand almost completed above 600 °C. There was crystalline transformation from Fe5Si3 to Fe3Si as the sintering temperature increased from 1000 °C to 1400 °C. Moreover, the crystalline phase of ß-SiC appeared at 1400 °C. Precursor microspheres were prepared by emulsion method. Porous ceramic microspheres were obtained after the precursor microspheres being sintered at 1400 °C, which can be applied in gas adsorption and catalyst supports.
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Field of Study
Global Issues
Content Type
Periodical article
Date Published / Released
2016-04, 2016
Publisher
Trans Tech Publications
Topic / Theme
Engineering
Copyright Message
Copyright © 2016 Trans Tech Publications Ltd.
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Synthesis of MDI-50 and Tung Oil-Based Non-Ionic Waterborne Polyurethanes
(Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications, 2016), 10 page(s)
A series of MDI-50 based non-ionic waterborne polyurethane dispersions (MDI-NPUD) were prepared by the mixing of 2,4'-diphenylmethane diisocianate (2,4'-MDI) and 4,4'-MDI (MDI-50) which reacted with hydroxylated tung oil (HTO) and polyethylene glycol-800 (PEG-800), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) an...
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(Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications, 2016), 10 page(s)
Description
A series of MDI-50 based non-ionic waterborne polyurethane dispersions (MDI-NPUD) were prepared by the mixing of 2,4'-diphenylmethane diisocianate (2,4'-MDI) and 4,4'-MDI (MDI-50) which reacted with hydroxylated tung oil (HTO) and polyethylene glycol-800 (PEG-800), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Proton-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H-NMR) were used to characterize and analyze their molecular structures. The results indicated th...
A series of MDI-50 based non-ionic waterborne polyurethane dispersions (MDI-NPUD) were prepared by the mixing of 2,4'-diphenylmethane diisocianate (2,4'-MDI) and 4,4'-MDI (MDI-50) which reacted with hydroxylated tung oil (HTO) and polyethylene glycol-800 (PEG-800), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Proton-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H-NMR) were used to characterize and analyze their molecular structures. The results indicated that MDI-50 and HTO were introduced as hard segment while PEG acted as soft segment. The surface tension, Hydrophile-Lipophile Balance (HLB) and stability were investigated. All MDI-NPUDs had much lower surface tension than the dicyclohexyl methane diisocyanate (HMDI) based NPUD (HMDI-NPUD). By changing the feed ratio of MDI-NPUD, the properties of MDI-NPUD could be controlled
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Field of Study
Global Issues
Content Type
Periodical article
Date Published / Released
2016-03, 2016
Publisher
Trans Tech Publications
Topic / Theme
Engineering
Copyright Message
Copyright © 2016 Trans Tech Publications Ltd.
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