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The Tuvinians live deep inside the Soviet Union, at the very centre of Asia-. Tuva is geographically closer to Beijing than to Moscow. It only entered the USSR in 1944 and was closed to foreigners until 1988. According to the film-makers the last known British visitors were members of the Carruthers expedition in 1910-11. With `glasnost', the new openness, a Disappearing World film crew was given permission to film the nomadic yak-herders of Mongun-Taiga, a rugged district on the border with Mongolia.Mongun-Taiga or `sacred wilderness' is, even at its lowest point, 6,000 feet above sea level. Two huge mountains dominate the landscape and provide a stunning backdrop for the film, accompanied at times on the film sound track by the traditional throat singing. Arable farming is impossible and the inhabitants are dependent on the nomadic herding of yak, sheep, goats and horses. Families live alone or in groups of two to three felt tents (yurts). Following the seasons and the pastures, they move camp several times each year. The film looks at the methods the herders use to protect their children from destructive spirits. A child, dressed in a traditional frock, is revealed in the film to be a boy. This cross-dressing of the sexes continues until a child is three or four, when it is believed that its soul is more firmly attached to its body and not so easily stolen by spirits. Shamanic beliefs continue, despite state disapproval, and include worship of the spirits of mountains, purification by the water of sacred springs, sacrifice, and the use of animals in exorcism, omens and divination. The opportunities for modern Soviet life which attract many young people are countered by the pull of an independent Mongolia, which is much closer to the Tuvinians in culture and way of life. Under Gorbachev, new systems of herding have been introduced which allow families to work for themselves as well as the state farms. The herders, however, still have reservations about the new ways. `How are you doing with perestroika?' asks the daughter of Chugluur-Ool, a herder. `Perestroika's doing all right,' he replies. Part of what makes this film interesting is the film-makers' admission of the material they were not able to obtain. Continually throughout the film, the narrator mentions the confusion and frustration the film-makers felt. This gives a refreshing honesty to the film as a whole.

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Early in 1989 the Kayapo rallied other Brazilian Indians to attend a reunification of the tribes at Altamira-the proposed site of a massive hydro-electric dam that will flood large parts of the Xingu valley. The gathering also served as a media event as the Kayapo and their allies demonstrated their case to the assembled international press. The film focuses on the Kayapo's ability to manipulate the media, including Chief Rop-ni stage-managing his entrance to arrive with the pop-star Sting. However, much of the power of this film, made for Granada Television's Disappearing World series, comes from the tensions that revolve around the intricate planning behind the Altamira meeting. A Kayapo warrior, Payakan, brings together previously hostile and warring factions in a common cause. Tension mounts when, only days before the conference, he is rushed to hospital for major surgery, and must force himself from his hospital bed to ensure the survival of the alliance he has created.