Browse Person - 14 results
![Dr. Elena Bratu [to] Alexandrina Cantacuzino, 30 Sept. 1932](https://d3crmev290s45i.cloudfront.net/content/1007971xxx/1007971706/1007971706-size-exact-140x0.jpg "Dr. Elena Bratu [to] Alexandrina Cantacuzino, 30 Sept. 1932")
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Dr. Elena Bratu [to] Alexandrina Cantacuzino, 30 Sept. 1932
written by Elena Bratu, fl. 1932, in Cantacuzino Family Collection, of Romania. National Archives (folder 157, files 7) (Bucharest, Bucharest County) (1932) , 2 page(s)
Title: Dr. Elena Bratu to Alexandrina Cantacuzino, September 30, 1932. Description: Letter from Dr. Elena Bratu (president of GFR / Romanian Women’s Organization, Cluj branch) to Alexandrina Cantacuzino (president of GFR/ Romanian Women’s Organization), September 30, 1932 in which it was discussed the GFR Cong...
Sample
written by Elena Bratu, fl. 1932, in Cantacuzino Family Collection, of Romania. National Archives (folder 157, files 7) (Bucharest, Bucharest County) (1932) , 2 page(s)
Description
Title: Dr. Elena Bratu to Alexandrina Cantacuzino, September 30, 1932. Description: Letter from Dr. Elena Bratu (president of GFR / Romanian Women’s Organization, Cluj branch) to Alexandrina Cantacuzino (president of GFR/ Romanian Women’s Organization), September 30, 1932 in which it was discussed the GFR Congress in Cluj. The letter is important for it touches on the thorny “minority question” in Transylvania. In 1932, Alexandrina Cantac...
Title: Dr. Elena Bratu to Alexandrina Cantacuzino, September 30, 1932. Description: Letter from Dr. Elena Bratu (president of GFR / Romanian Women’s Organization, Cluj branch) to Alexandrina Cantacuzino (president of GFR/ Romanian Women’s Organization), September 30, 1932 in which it was discussed the GFR Congress in Cluj. The letter is important for it touches on the thorny “minority question” in Transylvania. In 1932, Alexandrina Cantacuzino invited the minority women’s associations from Transylvania to participate at the congress of GFR in Cluj and discuss together “the advantages and disadvantages of the universal suffrage”. As the letter also shows, this invitation worried the leaders of GFR branches based in Transylvania. The participation of minority women could also raise tensions at the meeting since the Transylvanian GFR members planned to commemorate at the meeting the 40th anniversary of the Memorandum trial of Romanian nationalists and celebrate women’s involvement with preserving the national identity during the Hungarian rule. Keywords: Women’s suffrage, women’s solidarity, ethnicity, minority question, nationalism
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Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Date Written / Recorded
1932
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Letter
Author / Creator
Elena Bratu, fl. 1932
Topic / Theme
Political and Human Rights, Social and Cultural Rights, Suffrage, Equal Rights for Women, Romanians, 20th Century in World History (1914--2000)
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Feministák Egyesület to Carrie Chapman Catt, Budapest, 10 January 1913
written by Feminist Association, Hungary (Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár Országos Levéltára [National Archives of Hungary – National Archives], P999 Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association], Box 25 Folder 50) (10 January 1913) , 4 page(s)
KEYWORDS: Women and Practices/Cultures of Empire; Character of Congress and European Culture; Character of Congress and Hungarian Culture; Women Interacting with Women, Social Movements, and Other Actors Beyond Empire; National Sovereignty; Carrie Chapman Catt; Political and Human Rights; Suffrage; Seventh Congres...
Sample
written by Feminist Association, Hungary (Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár Országos Levéltára [National Archives of Hungary – National Archives], P999 Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association], Box 25 Folder 50) (10 January 1913) , 4 page(s)
Description
KEYWORDS: Women and Practices/Cultures of Empire; Character of Congress and European Culture; Character of Congress and Hungarian Culture; Women Interacting with Women, Social Movements, and Other Actors Beyond Empire; National Sovereignty; Carrie Chapman Catt; Political and Human Rights; Suffrage; Seventh Congress of the International Woman Suffrage Alliance IWSA, Budapest, 15-21 June 1913; Congress Preparations; South Eastern European Countries...
KEYWORDS: Women and Practices/Cultures of Empire; Character of Congress and European Culture; Character of Congress and Hungarian Culture; Women Interacting with Women, Social Movements, and Other Actors Beyond Empire; National Sovereignty; Carrie Chapman Catt; Political and Human Rights; Suffrage; Seventh Congress of the International Woman Suffrage Alliance IWSA, Budapest, 15-21 June 1913; Congress Preparations; South Eastern European Countries; Freemasons; Socialists; Clergymen; Catholic Church Service; Habsburg Empire; Hungary; Anna Howard Shaw; Jane Addams; Martina Kramers; Marguerite de Witt-Schlumberger
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Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Date Written / Recorded
10 January 1913, 1913
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Letter
Author / Creator
Feminist Association, Hungary
Person Discussed
Marguerite de Witt-Schlumberger, 1853-1924, Martina Kramers, 1863-1934, Jane Addams, 1860-1935, Anna Howard Shaw, 1847-1919
Topic / Theme
Political and Human Rights, Social Reform and Political Activism, Peace, International Governance, and International Law, Human Rights, Multi-Ethnic Participation in Social Movements, Suffrage, Social and Cultural Rights, Domestic/National Sovereignty, Hungarians
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Gr. Teleki Sándorné, gr. Haller Györgyné, Paula Pogány (A Nok Választójogi Világszövetségének VII. kongresszusa. Elokészíto Biz...
written by Iska Teleki, fl. 1912, Ilona Haller, fl. 1912 and Paula Pogány, fl. 1918 (Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár Országos Levéltára [National Archives of Hungary – National Archives], P999 Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association], Box 25 Folder 48) (07 May 1912) , 1 page(s)
TITLE: Countess Iska Teleki, Countess Ilona Haller, Paula Pogány of the Preparatory Committee 7th International Woman Suffrage Congress to Esteemed Presidency, Budapest, 7 May 1912. DESCRIPTION: Letter soliciting subsidies for the seventh congress of the International Woman Suffrage Alliance in 1913, pointing out...
Sample
written by Iska Teleki, fl. 1912, Ilona Haller, fl. 1912 and Paula Pogány, fl. 1918 (Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár Országos Levéltára [National Archives of Hungary – National Archives], P999 Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association], Box 25 Folder 48) (07 May 1912) , 1 page(s)
Description
TITLE: Countess Iska Teleki, Countess Ilona Haller, Paula Pogány of the Preparatory Committee 7th International Woman Suffrage Congress to Esteemed Presidency, Budapest, 7 May 1912. DESCRIPTION: Letter soliciting subsidies for the seventh congress of the International Woman Suffrage Alliance in 1913, pointing out that the congress is an opportunity to generate sympathy with Hungary within the Habsburg Monarchy. The two woman aristocrats and the...
TITLE: Countess Iska Teleki, Countess Ilona Haller, Paula Pogány of the Preparatory Committee 7th International Woman Suffrage Congress to Esteemed Presidency, Budapest, 7 May 1912. DESCRIPTION: Letter soliciting subsidies for the seventh congress of the International Woman Suffrage Alliance in 1913, pointing out that the congress is an opportunity to generate sympathy with Hungary within the Habsburg Monarchy. The two woman aristocrats and the third representative of the Preparatory Committee in giving their signature refer to the term “daughter of the homeland” (honleány), a term which had been widely used the Hungarian Revolution of 1848/1849, giving their patriotic greetings. KEYWORDS: Women and Practices/Cultures of Empire; Hungarian Hospitality; Women Interacting with Women, Social Movements, and Other Actors Beyond Empire; Women and Nation within Empire; Political and Human Rights; Suffrage; Seventh Congress of the International Woman Suffrage Alliance IWSA, Budapest, 15-21 June 1913; Congress Preparations; Hungarian Preparatory Committee Members; Generation of Funding in Hungary; Habsburg Empire; Hungary; Austria
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Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Date Written / Recorded
07 May 1912, 1912
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Letter
Author / Creator
Iska Teleki, fl. 1912, Ilona Haller, fl. 1912, Paula Pogány, fl. 1918
Topic / Theme
Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Social Reform and Political Activism, Political and Human Rights, Empire and Feminism, Multi-Ethnic Participation in Social Movements, Suffrage, Human Rights, Social and Cultural Rights, Hungarians
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m g nc (Mrs. Gábor Magyar) to A Nő és a Társadalom szerkesztősége, Balmazújváros, 26 March 1919
written by Gábor Magyar, fl. 1910 (Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár Országos Levéltára [National Archives of Hungary – National Archives], P999 Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association], Box 3 Folder 5) (26 March 1919) , 2 page(s)
TITLE: m g nc (Mrs. Gábor Magyar) to A Nő és a Társadalom szerkesztősége [Editorial Board of Woman and Society], Balmazújváros, 26 March 1919. DESCRIPTION: This card belongs to a group of letters, which gives information on a group of politically active peasant women from Balmazújváros, today North-Easte...
Sample
written by Gábor Magyar, fl. 1910 (Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár Országos Levéltára [National Archives of Hungary – National Archives], P999 Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association], Box 3 Folder 5) (26 March 1919) , 2 page(s)
Description
TITLE: m g nc (Mrs. Gábor Magyar) to A Nő és a Társadalom szerkesztősége [Editorial Board of Woman and Society], Balmazújváros, 26 March 1919. DESCRIPTION: This card belongs to a group of letters, which gives information on a group of politically active peasant women from Balmazújváros, today North-Eastern Hungary, and the relationship between them and the Feminist Association (Feministák Egyesülete). See also, Péter Veres, “A femi...
TITLE: m g nc (Mrs. Gábor Magyar) to A Nő és a Társadalom szerkesztősége [Editorial Board of Woman and Society], Balmazújváros, 26 March 1919. DESCRIPTION: This card belongs to a group of letters, which gives information on a group of politically active peasant women from Balmazújváros, today North-Eastern Hungary, and the relationship between them and the Feminist Association (Feministák Egyesülete). See also, Péter Veres, “A feministák [The Feminists],” in Falusi krónika [Village Chronicle], 2nd ed. (Budapest: Magyar Élet kiadása, 1944), 231–243 (14pp.); as well as the correspondence with Ferencz (Ferenc) Pokrócz (Pokróc), Mrs. Gábor Magyar, Mrs. István Bordás, Mrs. István Szabó, Rosika Schwimmer, and the Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association]. The letter discusses the following issues: whether women’s suffrage will really become a reality; the activities of the women of Balmazújváros with regard to a petition to the King, referring also to the role of the local authorities, and, most likely in connection with the petition, the difficulties of the local population to sustain itself; the speech that will be given by the (moderate agrarian-socialist social democratic politician) Vilmos Mezőfi. KEYWORDS: Women and Institutions of Empire; World War I; Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary Francis Joseph; Social Reform and Political Activism; Political and Human Rights; Suffrage; Work and Class Identity; Gender and Class; Peasant Women of Balmazújváros; Habsburg Empire; Hungary.
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Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Date Written / Recorded
26 March 1919, 1919
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Letter
Author / Creator
Gábor Magyar, fl. 1910
Person Discussed
Franz Joseph I, Emperor of Austria, 1830-1916
Topic / Theme
World War I, 1914-1918, Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Social Reform and Political Activism, Political and Human Rights, Empire and Feminism, Political Parties and Other Male Dominated Organizations, Suffrage, Equal Rights for Women, Social and Cultural Rights, Hungarians, 20th Century in World History (1914--2000)
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![Malonia Perényi, Kleona Farkas, Ilona Kraievska, Nina Blaskovics, Rózsa Puteani [Puteáni], Matild [Matilda] Dőri, Mária Sztankovanszki to 'Hazafiak!,' Budapest, ca. 1848](https://d3crmev290s45i.cloudfront.net/content/1009464xxx/1009464618/1009464618-size-exact-140x0.jpg "Malonia Perényi, Kleona Farkas, Ilona Kraievska, Nina Blaskovics, Rózsa Puteani [Puteáni], Matild [Matilda] Dőri, Mária Sztankovanszki to 'Hazafiak!,' Budapest, ca. 1848")
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Malonia Perényi, Kleona Farkas, Ilona Kraievska, Nina Blaskovics, Rózsa Puteani [Puteáni], Matild [Matilda] Dőri, Mária Sztankovanszki...
written by Mária Sztankovanszki, fl. 1848, Matild Dőri, fl. 1848, Rózsa Puteani, fl. 1848, Nina Blaskovics, fl. 1848, Ilona Kraievska, fl. 1848, Kleona Farkas, fl. 1848 and Malonia Perényi, fl. 1848 (Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár Országos Levéltára [National Archives of Hungary – National Archives], H 117 - Pál Vasvári) (1848) , 2 page(s)
TITLE: Malonia Perényi, Kleona Farkas, Ilona Kraievska, Nina Blaskovics, Rózsa Puteani [Puteáni], Matild [Matilda] Dőri, Mária Sztankovanszki to 'Hazafiak!' [Patriots!], Budapest, ca. 1848. DESCRIPTION: Proclamation without date signed by pupils of the educational institute of Blanka Teleki (1806-1862), kept...
Sample
written by Mária Sztankovanszki, fl. 1848, Matild Dőri, fl. 1848, Rózsa Puteani, fl. 1848, Nina Blaskovics, fl. 1848, Ilona Kraievska, fl. 1848, Kleona Farkas, fl. 1848 and Malonia Perényi, fl. 1848 (Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár Országos Levéltára [National Archives of Hungary – National Archives], H 117 - Pál Vasvári) (1848) , 2 page(s)
Description
TITLE: Malonia Perényi, Kleona Farkas, Ilona Kraievska, Nina Blaskovics, Rózsa Puteani [Puteáni], Matild [Matilda] Dőri, Mária Sztankovanszki to 'Hazafiak!' [Patriots!], Budapest, ca. 1848. DESCRIPTION: Proclamation without date signed by pupils of the educational institute of Blanka Teleki (1806-1862), kept in the papers of the history teacher Pál Fejér, from 1847 Pál Vasvári (1826-1849), and refering to Vasvári as their former teacher...
TITLE: Malonia Perényi, Kleona Farkas, Ilona Kraievska, Nina Blaskovics, Rózsa Puteani [Puteáni], Matild [Matilda] Dőri, Mária Sztankovanszki to 'Hazafiak!' [Patriots!], Budapest, ca. 1848. DESCRIPTION: Proclamation without date signed by pupils of the educational institute of Blanka Teleki (1806-1862), kept in the papers of the history teacher Pál Fejér, from 1847 Pál Vasvári (1826-1849), and refering to Vasvári as their former teacher. A note drawn with pencil on the document says “from L. Madarász’ letters, 22.12.” Teleki had founded the school, where the girls were taught in the spirit of Hungarian patriotism, in 1846; it ceased to exist in 1848. The female students, Teleki, and Vasvári, who as voluntary combatant was killed by Romanian insurgents, were famously involved in the Hungarian revolution of 1848. This proclamation constitutes a key document of women’s aspirations to equality and inclusion into the Hungarian revolution of 1848. It opens as follows: “Patriots! Freedom, brotherhood [the term in Hungarian is gender-neutral, referring to sibling rather than brother], and equality are your watchwords, therefore the women shall also be equal.” The proclamation demanded access for women to the university, the establishment of schools even in the smallest villages, better salaries for village teachers, and “[t]hat there shall be no such sentences as everybody holds the right to vote (Mindenki bír szavazattal, kivévén a nőket).” The latter demand paraphrases (what was to become or had already been enshrined into) §3 of Law No. 5, 1848, on the system of the parliamentary elections, which excluded all women from the franchise. The closing sentence of the proclamation reads: “This is what we desire and we expect the zealous sons of our homeland to yield their consent.” Six of the seven signatories of the proclamation are identical with the signatories of the Letter of Request on 6 April 1848. The names of Mária Sztankovanszki and Nina Blaskovics appear there in a slightly different spelling. See also, “Matild to ‘Tisztelt Tanitónk’ Pál Fejér [Dear Our Teacher], Budapest, 31 December 1847” (Letter, Budapest, December 31, 1847), H 117 - Pál Vasvári, Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár Országos Levéltára [National Archives of Hungary – National Archives]; “Julia to ‘Tisztelt Tanitóm’ Pál Fejér [My dear Teacher], Budapest, January 1848” (Letter, Budapest, January 1848), H 117 - Pál Vasvári, Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár Országos Levéltára [National Archives of Hungary – National Archives]; “Hermina to ‘Tisztelt Tanitó ur’ Pál Fejér [Dear Mr. Teacher], Budapest, January 1848” (Letter, Budapest, January 1848), H 117 - Pál Vasvári, Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár Országos Levéltára [National Archives of Hungary – National Archives]; “Matild Dőri, et al., to ‘Tisztelt Polgártárs,’ Kérelemlevél. Vasvári Pál Polgártársnak [Döri to ‘Fellow Citizen,’ Letter of Request, for Pál Vasvári], Budapest, 6 April 1848” (Letter, Budapest, April 6, 1848), H 117 - Pál Vasvári, Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár Országos Levéltára [National Archives of Hungary – National Archives]. KEYWORDS: Political and Human Rights; Suffrage; Equal Rights for Women; Women and Education; Access to Higher Education; Habsburg Empire; Hungary; Hungarian Revolution
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Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Date Written / Recorded
1848
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Letter
Author / Creator
Mária Sztankovanszki, fl. 1848, Matild Dőri, fl. 1848, Rózsa Puteani, fl. 1848, Nina Blaskovics, fl. 1848, Ilona Kraievska, fl. 1848, Kleona Farkas, fl. 1848, Malonia Perényi, fl. 1848
Topic / Theme
Women and Education, Political and Human Rights, Access to Higher Education, Equal Rights for Women, Social and Cultural Rights, Suffrage, Hungarians
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Maria Dimitriu-Castano to Elena Meissner, February 22, 1938
written by Maria Dimitriu-Castano, fl. 1930, in Constantin and Elena Meissner Family Collection, of Romania. National Archives (folder XI29, vol. 2, files 150 - 151) (Bucharest, Bucharest County) (22 February 1938) , 4 page(s)
Description: Letter sent to Elena Meissner, leader of the Association for the Civil and Political Emancipation of Romanian Women (AECPFR), by Maria Dimitriu-Castano (president of the Constanța branch of AECPFR) on February 22, 1938. Two days before the letter was sent, on February 20, 1938, a new constitution inc...
Sample
written by Maria Dimitriu-Castano, fl. 1930, in Constantin and Elena Meissner Family Collection, of Romania. National Archives (folder XI29, vol. 2, files 150 - 151) (Bucharest, Bucharest County) (22 February 1938) , 4 page(s)
Description
Description: Letter sent to Elena Meissner, leader of the Association for the Civil and Political Emancipation of Romanian Women (AECPFR), by Maria Dimitriu-Castano (president of the Constanța branch of AECPFR) on February 22, 1938. Two days before the letter was sent, on February 20, 1938, a new constitution incorporating corporatist principles was issued under the newly established monarchical dictatorship. Articles 61 and 63 stipulated that w...
Description: Letter sent to Elena Meissner, leader of the Association for the Civil and Political Emancipation of Romanian Women (AECPFR), by Maria Dimitriu-Castano (president of the Constanța branch of AECPFR) on February 22, 1938. Two days before the letter was sent, on February 20, 1938, a new constitution incorporating corporatist principles was issued under the newly established monarchical dictatorship. Articles 61 and 63 stipulated that women over 30 had the right to vote for the Deputies Chamber (but not to be elected to the legislative body) and that the women over 40 could vote and be nominated to the Senate. These stipulations were, however, not to be put in practice at that point because the constitution also stated that the conditions and procedures of suffrage for both Senate and Deputies Chamber were to be further developed in a future electoral law. However, the ban on political protests, made any suffragist activity of protest against these constitutional provisions useless. In the letter, Castano informed Meissner that although they officially declared that AECPFR was not a political organization, many members quit AECPFR. She asked Meissner to talk to a minister, release a communiqué stating clearly that the Association was not a political group, and change the name of the Association into The Romanian Feminist Association. Keywords: Feminism, politics, Association for the Civil and Political Emancipation of Romanian Women
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Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Date Written / Recorded
22 February 1938, 1938
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Letter
Author / Creator
Maria Dimitriu-Castano, fl. 1930
Topic / Theme
Social Reform and Political Activism, Political and Human Rights, Political Parties and Other Male Dominated Organizations, Social and Cultural Rights, Equal Rights for Women, Suffrage, Romanians, 20th Century in World History (1914--2000)
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![Megbizó Levél, Mrs. Gábor Magyar and Mrs. István Bordás, Balmazújváros, 12 November [ca. 1910s]](https://d3crmev290s45i.cloudfront.net/content/1009464xxx/1009464596/1009464596-size-exact-140x0.jpg "Megbizó Levél, Mrs. Gábor Magyar and Mrs. István Bordás, Balmazújváros, 12 November [ca. 1910s]")
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Megbizó Levél, Mrs. Gábor Magyar and Mrs. István Bordás, Balmazújváros, 12 November [ca. 1910s]
written by István Bordás Sára Rokon Tóth, fl. 1908 and Gábor Magyar, fl. 1910 (Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár Országos Levéltára [National Archives of Hungary – National Archives], P999 Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association], Box 3 Folder 5) (1910) , 1 page(s)
TITLE: Megbizó Levél, Mrs. Gábor Magyar and Mrs. István Bordás, [Authorization letter], Balmazújváros, 12 November [ca. 1910s]. DESCRIPTION: The letter belongs to a group of letters, which gives information on a group of politically active peasant women from Balmazújváros, today North-Eastern Hungary, and...
Sample
written by István Bordás Sára Rokon Tóth, fl. 1908 and Gábor Magyar, fl. 1910 (Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár Országos Levéltára [National Archives of Hungary – National Archives], P999 Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association], Box 3 Folder 5) (1910) , 1 page(s)
Description
TITLE: Megbizó Levél, Mrs. Gábor Magyar and Mrs. István Bordás, [Authorization letter], Balmazújváros, 12 November [ca. 1910s]. DESCRIPTION: The letter belongs to a group of letters, which gives information on a group of politically active peasant women from Balmazújváros, today North-Eastern Hungary, and the relationship between them and the Feminist Association (Feministák Egyesülete). See also, Péter Veres, “A feministák [The Fe...
TITLE: Megbizó Levél, Mrs. Gábor Magyar and Mrs. István Bordás, [Authorization letter], Balmazújváros, 12 November [ca. 1910s]. DESCRIPTION: The letter belongs to a group of letters, which gives information on a group of politically active peasant women from Balmazújváros, today North-Eastern Hungary, and the relationship between them and the Feminist Association (Feministák Egyesülete). See also, Péter Veres, “A feministák [The Feminists],” in Falusi krónika [Village Chronicle], 2nd ed. (Budapest: Magyar Élet kiadása, 1944), 231–243 (14pp.); as well as the correspondence with Ferencz (Ferenc) Pokrócz (Pokróc), Mrs. Gábor Magyar, Mrs. István Bordás, Mrs. István Szabó, Rosika Schwimmer, and the Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association]. The document conveys the decision taken during a meeting held in the rooms of the Agriculturalist-Association of Balmazújváros (Balmazújvárosi Földmivelő-Egylet). Two women, Mrs. István Bordás and Mrs. Gábor Magyar, shall represent the organization of the women of Balmazújváros at a conference called by the Feminist Association. The document gives a detailed reasoning, referring, among other things, to militarism and universal suffrage, and a version of the formula used by the Feminist Association: “Only the form of suffrage which includes women too is universal!” The document also refers to a prospective decision to be taken by “all our woman sisters of the world.” [The Hungarian text gives the gender-neutral Hungarian term for sisters/brothers, adding “woman” for clarification.] KEYWORDS: Social Reform and Political Activism; Political Parties and Other Male Dominated Organizations; Political and Human Rights; Suffrage; Work and Class Identity; Gender and Class; Peasant Women of Balmazújváros; Mrs. István Bordás Sára Rokon Tóth; Habsburg Empire; Hungary
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Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Date Written / Recorded
1910
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Letter
Author / Creator
István Bordás Sára Rokon Tóth, fl. 1908, Gábor Magyar, fl. 1910
Topic / Theme
Political and Human Rights, Social Reform and Political Activism, Equal Rights for Women, Suffrage, Political Parties and Other Male Dominated Organizations, Social and Cultural Rights, Hungarians
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Mrs. Gábor Magyar to Budapesti feminista nők szervezetének, Balmazújváros, ca. 1910s
written by Gábor Magyar, fl. 1910 (Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár Országos Levéltára [National Archives of Hungary – National Archives], P999 Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association], Box 3 Folder 5) (1910) , 2 page(s)
TITLE: Mrs. Gábor Magyar to Budapesti feminista nők szervezetének [Organization of Feminist Women in Budapest], Balmazújváros, ca. 1910s. DESCRIPTION: The letter belongs to a group of letters, which gives information on a group of politically active peasant women from Balmazújváros, today North-Eastern Hung...
Sample
written by Gábor Magyar, fl. 1910 (Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár Országos Levéltára [National Archives of Hungary – National Archives], P999 Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association], Box 3 Folder 5) (1910) , 2 page(s)
Description
TITLE: Mrs. Gábor Magyar to Budapesti feminista nők szervezetének [Organization of Feminist Women in Budapest], Balmazújváros, ca. 1910s. DESCRIPTION: The letter belongs to a group of letters, which gives information on a group of politically active peasant women from Balmazújváros, today North-Eastern Hungary, and the relationship between them and the Feminist Association (Feministák Egyesülete). See also, Péter Veres, “A feministák...
TITLE: Mrs. Gábor Magyar to Budapesti feminista nők szervezetének [Organization of Feminist Women in Budapest], Balmazújváros, ca. 1910s. DESCRIPTION: The letter belongs to a group of letters, which gives information on a group of politically active peasant women from Balmazújváros, today North-Eastern Hungary, and the relationship between them and the Feminist Association (Feministák Egyesülete). See also, Péter Veres, “A feministák [The Feminists],” in Falusi krónika [Village Chronicle], 2nd ed. (Budapest: Magyar Élet kiadása, 1944), 231–243 (14pp.); as well as the correspondence with Ferencz (Ferenc) Pokrócz (Pokróc), Mrs. Gábor Magyar, Mrs. István Bordás, Mrs. István Szabó, Rosika Schwimmer, and the Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association]. Two male associates from Balmazújvár had been to Budapest; yet, they had not had the time to see Róza Schwimmer. The women plan to go to Budapest themselves, too. The male fellows had traveled to Budapest in connection with international cooperation involving Germany. They plan to call a people’s assembly in Balmazújváros in connection with the struggle for equal suffrage, and the women of Balmazújváros ask the women of the Feminist Association for information and advice in this regard because they want to participate in the struggle. KEYWORDS: Social Reform and Political Activism; Political Parties and Other Male Dominated Organizations; Political and Human Rights; Suffrage; Work and Class Identity; Gender and Class; Peasant Women of Balmazújváros; Habsburg Empire; Hungary.
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Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Date Written / Recorded
1910
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Letter
Recipient Organization
Organization of Feminist Women, Budapest, Hungary
Author / Creator
Gábor Magyar, fl. 1910
Topic / Theme
Social Reform and Political Activism, Political and Human Rights, Political Parties and Other Male Dominated Organizations, Suffrage, Equal Rights for Women, Social and Cultural Rights, Hungarians
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Mrs. István Bordás to Feministák Egyesülete, Balmazújváros, ca. 1909
written by István Bordás Sára Rokon Tóth, fl. 1908 (Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár Országos Levéltára [National Archives of Hungary – National Archives], P999 Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association], Box 3 Folder 5) (1909) , 1 page(s)
TITLE: Mrs. István Bordás to Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association (in Hungary)], Balmazújváros, ca. 1909. DESCRIPTION: The letter belongs to a group of letters, which gives information on a group of politically active peasant women from Balmazújváros, today North-Eastern Hungary, and Mrs. István Bo...
Sample
written by István Bordás Sára Rokon Tóth, fl. 1908 (Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár Országos Levéltára [National Archives of Hungary – National Archives], P999 Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association], Box 3 Folder 5) (1909) , 1 page(s)
Description
TITLE: Mrs. István Bordás to Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association (in Hungary)], Balmazújváros, ca. 1909. DESCRIPTION: The letter belongs to a group of letters, which gives information on a group of politically active peasant women from Balmazújváros, today North-Eastern Hungary, and Mrs. István Bordás in particular, and the relationship between them and the Feminist Association (Feministák Egyesülete), and Róza Schwimmer in p...
TITLE: Mrs. István Bordás to Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association (in Hungary)], Balmazújváros, ca. 1909. DESCRIPTION: The letter belongs to a group of letters, which gives information on a group of politically active peasant women from Balmazújváros, today North-Eastern Hungary, and Mrs. István Bordás in particular, and the relationship between them and the Feminist Association (Feministák Egyesülete), and Róza Schwimmer in particular. See also, Péter Veres, “A feministák [The Feminists],” in Falusi krónika [Village Chronicle], 2nd ed. (Budapest: Magyar Élet kiadása, 1944), 231–243 (14pp.); as well as the correspondence with Ferencz (Ferenc) Pokrócz (Pokróc), Mrs. Gábor Magyar, Mrs. István Bordás, Mrs. István Szabó, Rosika Schwimmer, and the Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association]. The letter, which was written likely in 1909, opens with the salutation “My dear woman-fellows (Kedves nötársaim).” It refers to a letter the women of Balmazújváros had received in a language other than Hungarian. They could not read the letter and, therefore, had forwarded it to the Feminist Association. Since they cannot go (to London) because their “material situation” does not allow them to do so and since they cannot even send a letter there because they do not know the address, they kindly ask their fellows of the Feminist Association to take this letter on their behalf to London. The letter implies that the women of Balmazújváros had received an invitation from the International Woman Suffrage Alliance to participate in its fifth conference held in London from 26 April to 1 May 1909. This information was also publicized by the Feminist Association. KEYWORDS: Women Interacting with Women, Social Movements, and Other Actors Beyond Empire; Social Reform and Political Activism; Political and Human Rights; Suffrage; Work and Class Identity; Gender and Class; Peasant Women of Balmazújváros; Mrs. István Bordás Sára Rokon Tóth; Rosika Schwimmer; Habsburg Empire; Hungary.
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Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Date Written / Recorded
1909
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Letter
Recipient Organization
Feminist Association, Hungary
Author / Creator
István Bordás Sára Rokon Tóth, fl. 1908
Topic / Theme
Social Reform and Political Activism, Political and Human Rights, Political Parties and Other Male Dominated Organizations, Suffrage, Equal Rights for Women, Social and Cultural Rights, Hungarians
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Mrs. István Szabó to Feministák Egyesülete, Balmazújváros, ca. 1910s
written by István Szabó, 1938- (Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár Országos Levéltára [National Archives of Hungary – National Archives], P999 Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association], Box 3 Folder 5) (1910) , 1 page(s)
TITLE: Mrs. István Szabó to Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association (in Hungary)], Balmazújváros, ca. 1910s. DESCRIPTION: The letter belongs to a group of letters, which gives information on a group of politically active peasant women from Balmazújváros, today North-Eastern Hungary, and the relationshi...
Sample
written by István Szabó, 1938- (Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár Országos Levéltára [National Archives of Hungary – National Archives], P999 Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association], Box 3 Folder 5) (1910) , 1 page(s)
Description
TITLE: Mrs. István Szabó to Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association (in Hungary)], Balmazújváros, ca. 1910s. DESCRIPTION: The letter belongs to a group of letters, which gives information on a group of politically active peasant women from Balmazújváros, today North-Eastern Hungary, and the relationship between them and the Feminist Association (Feministák Egyesülete). See also, Péter Veres, “A feministák [The Feminists],” in...
TITLE: Mrs. István Szabó to Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association (in Hungary)], Balmazújváros, ca. 1910s. DESCRIPTION: The letter belongs to a group of letters, which gives information on a group of politically active peasant women from Balmazújváros, today North-Eastern Hungary, and the relationship between them and the Feminist Association (Feministák Egyesülete). See also, Péter Veres, “A feministák [The Feminists],” in Falusi krónika [Village Chronicle], 2nd ed. (Budapest: Magyar Élet kiadása, 1944), 231–243 (14pp.); as well as the correspondence with Ferencz (Ferenc) Pokrócz (Pokróc), Mrs. Gábor Magyar, Mrs. István Bordás, Mrs. István Szabó, Rosika Schwimmer, and the Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association]. The dating of the letter is only partially visible. It was written on day 30 of any month between March and August, in an unknown year. The letter in all likelihood was written after June 1910, since Vilmos Mezőfi, the moderate agrarian-socialist social democratic politician (Social Democratic 48-Party [48-as Szociáldemokrata Párt]), to whom the letter refers, lost his mandate in the parliamentary elections held at that time. The women of Balmazújváros had traveled several times to the town of of Hajdúszoboszló some twenty kilometers away, where Mezőfi was campaigning. However, the women there, and even the “woman sisters [in Hungarian, rather than sister the gender-neutral term testvér is used; there is no gendered variant for testvér, and thus the term “woman” is added] have not even heard that the women should also organize. And we discussed that they should also organize. Because they belong into society in the same way as men do. Still, there are propertied women [in] Hajdúszoboszló who need the vote.” The women of Balmazújváros were pleased to see that Róza Schwimmer has made an appearance in Hajdúszoboszló. The women of Balmazújváros plead that the women of the Feminist Association shall not forget about them. They also want to see a people’s assembly organized in August or September. They had supported Mezőfi’s candidacy, but bribary had decided the outcome of the election. KEYWORDS: Social Reform and Political Activism; Political Parties and Other Male Dominated Organizations; Political and Human Rights; Suffrage; Work and Class Identity; Gender and Class; Peasant Women of Balmazújváros; Peasant Women’s Activism; Rosika Schwimmer; Habsburg Empire; Hungary.
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Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Date Written / Recorded
1910
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Letter
Recipient Organization
Feminist Association, Hungary
Author / Creator
István Szabó, 1938-
Person Discussed
Rosika Schwimmer, 1877-1948
Topic / Theme
Social Reform and Political Activism, Work and Class Identity, Political and Human Rights, Political Parties and Other Male Dominated Organizations, Women as “Proletariat”, Suffrage, Social and Cultural Rights, Non-aligned Social Movements, Hungarians
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