Browse Person - 13 results
See details
Elena Baiulescu and Elena Muresianu to Emilia Dr. Rațiu, Brașov, 5/16 June 1894
written by Elena Baiulescu, fl. 1860 and Elena Mureşianu, 1862-1924 (Romania. Arhivele Nationale. Arhivele Nationale Istorice Centrale Bucharest, 734/1905, Fond 1246 Personal Fond Dr. Ioan Ratiu, f.1) (16 June 1894) , 4 page(s)
TITLE: Elena Baiulescu and Elena Muresianu to Emilia Dr. Rațiu, Brașov, 5/16 June 1894. DESCRIPTION: Romanian-language letter on custom-made stationery with “Everything for the Nation” slogan in one corner, addressed to Emilia Rațiu and signed by Elena Baiulescu and Elena Muresianu in the name of the Nation...
Sample
written by Elena Baiulescu, fl. 1860 and Elena Mureşianu, 1862-1924 (Romania. Arhivele Nationale. Arhivele Nationale Istorice Centrale Bucharest, 734/1905, Fond 1246 Personal Fond Dr. Ioan Ratiu, f.1) (16 June 1894) , 4 page(s)
Description
TITLE: Elena Baiulescu and Elena Muresianu to Emilia Dr. Rațiu, Brașov, 5/16 June 1894. DESCRIPTION: Romanian-language letter on custom-made stationery with “Everything for the Nation” slogan in one corner, addressed to Emilia Rațiu and signed by Elena Baiulescu and Elena Muresianu in the name of the National Committee of Romanian Women. Emilia Rațiu (1846-1929) was a Transylvanian Romanian nationalist activist and a frequent contributor...
TITLE: Elena Baiulescu and Elena Muresianu to Emilia Dr. Rațiu, Brașov, 5/16 June 1894. DESCRIPTION: Romanian-language letter on custom-made stationery with “Everything for the Nation” slogan in one corner, addressed to Emilia Rațiu and signed by Elena Baiulescu and Elena Muresianu in the name of the National Committee of Romanian Women. Emilia Rațiu (1846-1929) was a Transylvanian Romanian nationalist activist and a frequent contributor to Familia magazine. She was married to Romanian National Party leader Ioan Rațiu. She was president of the Reunion of Romanian Women in the town of Turda/Torda/Thorenburg, founder of the Women’s Reading Society in the same town in 1873, and an initiator of several other social reform and welfare activities. She led international mobilization efforts in favor of the claims of Transylvanian Romanians within Austria-Hungary, especially following the arrest of Ioan Rațiu in 1894. Ioan Rațiu was arrested following his condemnation for anti-state activity through the distribution of a manifesto on Transylvanian autonomy and linguistic rights in the “Memorandum trial.” Elena Muresianu (1862-1924) was an artist and publicist from Brașov/Brassó/Kronstadt, active in the Women’s Reunion in the city and a founding member of the National Committee of Romanian Women. A graduate of the Vienna School of Arts and Crafts (1884-1888), she married into the Muresianu family who published Gazeta Transilvaniei [The Transylvanian Gazette], one of the most significant Romanian-language publications in the region. Between 1909 and 1911, Elena Muresianu was the sole administrator of the newspaper and associated typography, having always been heavily involved in the running of the business. Elena Baiulescu was President of the Reunion of Romanian Women in Brașov/Brassó/Kronstadt in the 1890s and President of the National Committee of Romanian Women, from 1894 to 1896. She was married to Orthodox Archpriest (Protopop) Bartolomeu Baiulescu and the mother to Maria Baiulescu, who would become in the 1900s a visible spokeswoman for socially active women and the Transylvanian Romanian nationalist cause. The National Committee of Romanian Women was described as a “secret committee” of Romanian women founded in Brașov/Brassó/Hermannstadt in 1894 by Elena Muresianu, acting as Secretary, and Elena Baiulescu, as President. The Committee gathered signatures from women all around Transylvania to support the Transylvanian politicians condemned in the Memorandum trial. According to a 1934 article written by a member of the Committee, the Committee gathered “thousands upon thousands” of signatures for letters sent to MPs in Italy and journalists in France, thanking them for the support shown to the “Romanian national cause.” See, Maria Baiulescu, “Participrea femeilor romane din Ardeal in procesul Memorandumului in _Universul_(Bucharest) [The Participation of Romanian Women from Transylvania in the Memorandum Trial in _The Universe_(Bucharest)]” (Newspaper clipping, Bucharest, June 19, 1934), MS 1954, f. 30, “George Baritiu” County Library Special Collections, “George Baritiu” County Library Brasov, Special Collections Unit. The Committee minted decorative medals with the inscription “Everything for the Nation.” The “Memorandum trial” involved the 1894 condemnation of several prominent Transylvanian members of the Romanian National Party for publishing and distributing a manifesto critical of Hungarian centralism but not of the Emperor. The event garnered international attention and significant popular support in Transylvania and other territories inhabited by Romanians. ¶ This letter asks for Rațiu’s consent for writing letters to foreign supporters of the tried Memorandum politicians “not only [in the name of women from Brașov], but also in the name of all Romanian women from Transylvania and Hungary.” The senders consider the issue an important one and mention that they have written “to Romanian ladies from the different towns in Transylvania thus asking for their consent.” The senders mention writing a planned first thank-you letter to Italian MP Imbriani. ¶ This document provides evidence about the formation and mobilization strategies of the National Committee of Romanian Women. It captures a moment in which women involved in the nationalist cause sought to transform gender solidarities forged on municipal bases into the collective solidarity of all “Romanian women from Transylvania and Hungary.” The process mirrors similar developments in the rest of Austria-Hungary at the time. The 1880s were marked by middle-class municipal activism. This development was overshadowed (or in this case, merged) in 1890 by the rise of nationalist, mass mobilization, a political phenomenon that was, in fact, difficult to sustain and had somewhat waned by the early 1900s. In relation to the politics of gendered mobilization, the emphasis on and the use of the language of consent also makes this document an interesting one; it shows how liberal doctrines on contract and consent, assumed to be governing associations and individuals, were part of Transylvanian women’s activism. KEYWORDS: Women and Practices/ Cultures of Empire; Municipal Activism; Women Interacting with Women, Social Movements, and Other Actors Beyond Empire; Women and Nation within Empire; Women and Nation-Building; Women and Struggle Between Nations in the Empire; Women Challenging Empire; Social Reform and Political Activism; Political Parties and Other Male Dominated Organizations; Socialism; Political and Human Rights; Habsburg Empire; Transylvania; Comitetul Național al Femeilor Române/National Committee of Romanian Women; Memorandum; Municipal Activism; Mobilization; Networks; k. k. Kunstgewerbeschule/ Vienna School of Arts and Crafts.
Show more
Show less
Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Date Written / Recorded
16 June 1894, 1894
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Letter
Author / Creator
Elena Baiulescu, fl. 1860, Elena Mureşianu, 1862-1924
Topic / Theme
Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Political and Human Rights, Social Reform and Political Activism, Nationalism and Independence Movements, Empire and Internationalism, Empire and Feminism, Equal Rights for Women, Political Parties and Other Male Dominated Organizations, Opposition to Imperialism, Multi-Ethnic Participation in Social Movements, Social and Cultural Rights, Austrian...
Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Political and Human Rights, Social Reform and Political Activism, Nationalism and Independence Movements, Empire and Internationalism, Empire and Feminism, Equal Rights for Women, Political Parties and Other Male Dominated Organizations, Opposition to Imperialism, Multi-Ethnic Participation in Social Movements, Social and Cultural Rights, Austrians, Hungarians, Romanians
Show more
Show less
×
See details
Jeanne del Homme to Emilia Dr. Rațiu, London, 1894 (3)
written by Jeanne del Homme, fl. 1894 (Romania. Arhivele Nationale. Arhivele Nationale Istorice Centrale Bucharest, 830/1894, ff. 1-4) (1894) , 8 page(s)
TITLE: Jeanne del Homme to Emilia Dr. Rațiu, London, 1894 (3). DESCRIPTION: This letter is one of three written by Jeanne del Homme, in French, to Emilia Rațiu in 1894. The year has been determined based on content. Jeanne del Homme was a French teacher, based in Oxford and then in Le Mans. She was instrumental...
Sample
written by Jeanne del Homme, fl. 1894 (Romania. Arhivele Nationale. Arhivele Nationale Istorice Centrale Bucharest, 830/1894, ff. 1-4) (1894) , 8 page(s)
Description
TITLE: Jeanne del Homme to Emilia Dr. Rațiu, London, 1894 (3). DESCRIPTION: This letter is one of three written by Jeanne del Homme, in French, to Emilia Rațiu in 1894. The year has been determined based on content. Jeanne del Homme was a French teacher, based in Oxford and then in Le Mans. She was instrumental in publicizing the “Memorandum trial” occurring in Transylvania in 1894 among English progressive liberals. Emilia Rațiu (1846-192...
TITLE: Jeanne del Homme to Emilia Dr. Rațiu, London, 1894 (3). DESCRIPTION: This letter is one of three written by Jeanne del Homme, in French, to Emilia Rațiu in 1894. The year has been determined based on content. Jeanne del Homme was a French teacher, based in Oxford and then in Le Mans. She was instrumental in publicizing the “Memorandum trial” occurring in Transylvania in 1894 among English progressive liberals. Emilia Rațiu (1846-1929) was a Transylvanian Romanian nationalist activist and a frequent contributor to Familia magazine. She was married to Romanian National Party leader Ioan Rațiu. She was president of the Reunion of Romanian Women in the town of Turda/Torda/Thorenburg, founder of the Women’s Reading Society in the same town in 1873, and an initiator of several other social reform and welfare activities. She led international mobilization efforts in favor of the claims of Transylvanian Romanians within Austria-Hungary, especially following the arrest of Ioan Rațiu in 1894. Ioan Rațiu was arrested following his condemnation for anti-state activity through the distribution of a manifesto on Transylvanian autonomy and linguistic rights in the “Memorandum trial” mentioned in the letter. ¶ This letter thanks Emilia Rațiu for the beautifully-embroidered chemisette and bolero she had sent, mentions friends’ admiration for the clothes’ graceful shapes and harmonious colors, and asks Rațiu to thank everyone who worked on the clothing. Del Homme informs Rațiu that she spoke at length to three Members of Parliament on the “Romanian Question”, trying to persuade them that “a word said in Parliament” would greatly help Rațiu’s work. Del Homme reports that MPs were sympathetic and requested further documents on the issue. Del Homme writes that she sent several reports on the Memorandum trial happening in Cluj/Kolosvàr/Klausenburg to English newspapers but that the press there was “hesitant” to publish an account, for “fear of inciting polemics.” ¶ This letter is one among several exchanged in 1894 by Emilia Rațiu and progressive Englishwomen. It sheds light on the merging of transnational cultural interaction (i.e., sending parts of a folk costume as a gift) with transnational political activism and lobbying. Among others, this mix was made possible by the incorporation into nationalists’ self-definition of a particularly Austro-Hungarian ethnographic gaze, which emphasized both ethnic diversity and difference. The document also underscores women’s involvement in England in lobbying Parliament on behalf of the rights of dominated nations or nationalities. It points to the cautious attitude of English MPs as well as the English press towards what was being presented as the “Romanian Question.” KEYWORDS: Women and Practices/ Cultures of Empire; Imperial Identity; Women Interacting with Women, Social Movements, and Other Actors Beyond Empire; Peace and War, International Governance, and International Law; Women and International Relations; Empire and Internationalism; Social Reform and Political Activism; Political Parties and Other Male Dominated Organizations; Political and Human Rights; Nationality Rights; Habsburg Empire; Kingdom of Hungary; Transylvania; Networks; Mobilization; Lobbying; Cultural Diplomacy; Press.
Show more
Show less
Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Date Written / Recorded
1894
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Letter
Author / Creator
Jeanne del Homme, fl. 1894
Topic / Theme
Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Political and Human Rights, Women of Color, Social Reform and Political Activism, Women and Immigration, Peace, International Governance, and International Law, Empire and Internationalism, Empire and Feminism, Equal Rights for Women, Racial and Ethnic Differences Among Women, Multi-Ethnic Participation in Social Movements, Nationality Rights, Pol...
Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Political and Human Rights, Women of Color, Social Reform and Political Activism, Women and Immigration, Peace, International Governance, and International Law, Empire and Internationalism, Empire and Feminism, Equal Rights for Women, Racial and Ethnic Differences Among Women, Multi-Ethnic Participation in Social Movements, Nationality Rights, Political Parties and Other Male Dominated Organizations, International Peace, Social and Cultural Rights, Austrians, Hungarians, English, Romanians
Show more
Show less
×
![[Letter from] Wyslouchowa Marja [to] Sokolové-Seidlové Vilmé, April 06, 1893](https://d3crmev290s45i.cloudfront.net/content/1009375xxx/1009375698/1009375698-size-exact-140x0.jpg "[Letter from] Wyslouchowa Marja [to] Sokolové-Seidlové Vilmé, April 06, 1893")
See details
[Letter from] Wyslouchowa Marja [to] Sokolové-Seidlové Vilmé, April 06, 1893
written by Maria Wyslouchowa, 1858-1905 (Památník národního písemnictví, Praha, fond Sokolová-Seidlová Vilma 33/44) (06 April 1893) , 4 page(s)
TITLE: Letters from Maria Wysłouchowa to Vilma Sokolová-Seidlová. DESCRIPTION: Maria Wysłouchowa (1858-1905) was a teacher and a famous activist in national and peasants’ politics. With her husband the politician and editor Bolesław Wysłouch (1855-1937) she moved from the Russian partition to Galicia where...
Sample
written by Maria Wyslouchowa, 1858-1905 (Památník národního písemnictví, Praha, fond Sokolová-Seidlová Vilma 33/44) (06 April 1893) , 4 page(s)
Description
TITLE: Letters from Maria Wysłouchowa to Vilma Sokolová-Seidlová. DESCRIPTION: Maria Wysłouchowa (1858-1905) was a teacher and a famous activist in national and peasants’ politics. With her husband the politician and editor Bolesław Wysłouch (1855-1937) she moved from the Russian partition to Galicia where the couple built up a democratic and socialist peasants’ movement. Since 1889, they published its organ “Przyjaciel ludu (The Peop...
TITLE: Letters from Maria Wysłouchowa to Vilma Sokolová-Seidlová. DESCRIPTION: Maria Wysłouchowa (1858-1905) was a teacher and a famous activist in national and peasants’ politics. With her husband the politician and editor Bolesław Wysłouch (1855-1937) she moved from the Russian partition to Galicia where the couple built up a democratic and socialist peasants’ movement. Since 1889, they published its organ “Przyjaciel ludu (The People’s Friend)” and in 1895 Wysłouchowa supported her husband in founding the party “StronnictwoLudowe (Peasants’ Party).” Due to Habsburg Law, as a woman she was not allowed to be a member of a political party. Wysłouchowa wrote and published a huge number of articles and brochures on Polish history and culture and was active in adult education, in particular in peasants’ education. Though she was not at the center of the women’s movement, she nevertheless cultivated contacts to Polish and Czech feminists. One of her favorite contacts was Vilma Sokolová-Seidlová (1859-1941), a Czech writer and publisher, with whom she corresponded a lot and told her about several events concerning her political activities and writing experiences. The letters from February1 and April 6, 1893, are dedicated to Wysłouchowa’s reflectionson the “Congress of Women” held in Chicago in the same year. She had been invated by Paulina Kuczalska-Reinschmit (1859-1921), a leader of the Polish women’s movement from Warsaw, to represent the movement on the international congress. In the first letter Wysłouchowa hesitated because she felt unpleasant as a representative; nevertheless, she stresses the necessity because of her privileged situation concerning the constitutional Habsburg monarchy which allowed her to travel. In the second letter, she had changed her mind fundamentaly because she concidered the congress only a feminist one which was dedicated to feminist issues and would ignore political and national questions. She told Sokolová-Seidlová that she cancelled the journey because of the Russian and Prussian delegation which she judged as supporters of anti-Polish rpressions in the partitions and ignorant against the national question. She explicitly subordinated women’s issues to political and national issues (implicitely independence of Poland). KEYWORDS: Women and Practices/Cultures of Empire; Women Interacting with Women, Social Movements, and Other Actors Beyond Empire; Women and Nation within Empire; Women Challenging Empire; Empire and Feminism; Political and Human Rights; Women and International Politics; Habsburg Empire; Galicia; Bohemia/Chechy; Chicago; Prussia; Russia
Show more
Show less
Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Date Written / Recorded
06 April 1893, 1893
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Letter
Author / Creator
Maria Wyslouchowa, 1858-1905
Person Discussed
Paulina Kuczalska-Reinschmit, 1859-1921
Topic / Theme
Social Reform and Political Activism, Political and Human Rights, Peace, International Governance, and International Law, Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Socialism, Political Parties and Other Male Dominated Organizations, Social and Cultural Rights, Equal Protection, Empire and Feminism, Polish
×
![[Letter from] Wyslouchowa Marja [to] Sokolové-Seidlové Vilmé, February 01, 1893](https://d3crmev290s45i.cloudfront.net/content/1009375xxx/1009375667/1009375667-size-exact-140x0.jpg "[Letter from] Wyslouchowa Marja [to] Sokolové-Seidlové Vilmé, February 01, 1893")
See details
[Letter from] Wyslouchowa Marja [to] Sokolové-Seidlové Vilmé, February 01, 1893
written by Maria Wyslouchowa, 1858-1905 (Památník národního písemnictví, Praha, fond Sokolová-Seidlová Vilma 33/44) (01 February 1893) , 4 page(s)
TITLE: Letters from Maria Wysłouchowa to Vilma Sokolová-Seidlová. DESCRIPTION: Maria Wysłouchowa (1858-1905) was a teacher and a famous activist in national and peasants’ politics. With her husband the politician and editor Bolesław Wysłouch (1855-1937) she moved from the Russian partition to Galicia where...
Sample
written by Maria Wyslouchowa, 1858-1905 (Památník národního písemnictví, Praha, fond Sokolová-Seidlová Vilma 33/44) (01 February 1893) , 4 page(s)
Description
TITLE: Letters from Maria Wysłouchowa to Vilma Sokolová-Seidlová. DESCRIPTION: Maria Wysłouchowa (1858-1905) was a teacher and a famous activist in national and peasants’ politics. With her husband the politician and editor Bolesław Wysłouch (1855-1937) she moved from the Russian partition to Galicia where the couple built up a democratic and socialist peasants’ movement. Since 1889, they published its organ “Przyjaciel ludu (The Peop...
TITLE: Letters from Maria Wysłouchowa to Vilma Sokolová-Seidlová. DESCRIPTION: Maria Wysłouchowa (1858-1905) was a teacher and a famous activist in national and peasants’ politics. With her husband the politician and editor Bolesław Wysłouch (1855-1937) she moved from the Russian partition to Galicia where the couple built up a democratic and socialist peasants’ movement. Since 1889, they published its organ “Przyjaciel ludu (The People’s Friend)” and in 1895 Wysłouchowa supported her husband in founding the party “StronnictwoLudowe (Peasants’ Party).” Due to Habsburg Law, as a woman she was not allowed to be a member of a political party. Wysłouchowa wrote and published a huge number of articles and brochures on Polish history and culture and was active in adult education, in particular in peasants’ education. Though she was not at the center of the women’s movement, she nevertheless cultivated contacts to Polish and Czech feminists. One of her favorite contacts was Vilma Sokolová-Seidlová (1859-1941), a Czech writer and publisher, with whom she corresponded a lot and told her about several events concerning her political activities and writing experiences. The letters from February1 and April 6, 1893, are dedicated to Wysłouchowa’s reflectionson the “Congress of Women” held in Chicago in the same year. She had been invated by Paulina Kuczalska-Reinschmit (1859-1921), a leader of the Polish women’s movement from Warsaw, to represent the movement on the international congress. In the first letter Wysłouchowa hesitated because she felt unpleasant as a representative; nevertheless, she stresses the necessity because of her privileged situation concerning the constitutional Habsburg monarchy which allowed her to travel. In the second letter, she had changed her mind fundamentaly because she concidered the congress only a feminist one which was dedicated to feminist issues and would ignore political and national questions. She told Sokolová-Seidlová that she cancelled the journey because of the Russian and Prussian delegation which she judged as supporters of anti-Polish rpressions in the partitions and ignorant against the national question. She explicitly subordinated women’s issues to political and national issues (implicitely independence of Poland). KEYWORDS: Women and Practices/Cultures of Empire; Women Interacting with Women, Social Movements, and Other Actors Beyond Empire; Women and Nation within Empire; Women Challenging Empire; Empire and Feminism; Political and Human Rights; Women and International Politics; Habsburg Empire; Galicia; Bohemia/Chechy; Chicago; Prussia; Russia
Show more
Show less
Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Date Written / Recorded
01 February 1893, 1893
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Letter
Author / Creator
Maria Wyslouchowa, 1858-1905
Person Discussed
Paulina Kuczalska-Reinschmit, 1859-1921
Topic / Theme
Social Reform and Political Activism, Political and Human Rights, Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Socialism, Political Parties and Other Male Dominated Organizations, Social and Cultural Rights, Empire and Feminism, Polish
×
See details
m g nc (Mrs. Gábor Magyar) to A Nő és a Társadalom szerkesztősége, Balmazújváros, 26 March 1919
written by Gábor Magyar, fl. 1910 (Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár Országos Levéltára [National Archives of Hungary – National Archives], P999 Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association], Box 3 Folder 5) (26 March 1919) , 2 page(s)
TITLE: m g nc (Mrs. Gábor Magyar) to A Nő és a Társadalom szerkesztősége [Editorial Board of Woman and Society], Balmazújváros, 26 March 1919. DESCRIPTION: This card belongs to a group of letters, which gives information on a group of politically active peasant women from Balmazújváros, today North-Easte...
Sample
written by Gábor Magyar, fl. 1910 (Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár Országos Levéltára [National Archives of Hungary – National Archives], P999 Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association], Box 3 Folder 5) (26 March 1919) , 2 page(s)
Description
TITLE: m g nc (Mrs. Gábor Magyar) to A Nő és a Társadalom szerkesztősége [Editorial Board of Woman and Society], Balmazújváros, 26 March 1919. DESCRIPTION: This card belongs to a group of letters, which gives information on a group of politically active peasant women from Balmazújváros, today North-Eastern Hungary, and the relationship between them and the Feminist Association (Feministák Egyesülete). See also, Péter Veres, “A femi...
TITLE: m g nc (Mrs. Gábor Magyar) to A Nő és a Társadalom szerkesztősége [Editorial Board of Woman and Society], Balmazújváros, 26 March 1919. DESCRIPTION: This card belongs to a group of letters, which gives information on a group of politically active peasant women from Balmazújváros, today North-Eastern Hungary, and the relationship between them and the Feminist Association (Feministák Egyesülete). See also, Péter Veres, “A feministák [The Feminists],” in Falusi krónika [Village Chronicle], 2nd ed. (Budapest: Magyar Élet kiadása, 1944), 231–243 (14pp.); as well as the correspondence with Ferencz (Ferenc) Pokrócz (Pokróc), Mrs. Gábor Magyar, Mrs. István Bordás, Mrs. István Szabó, Rosika Schwimmer, and the Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association]. The letter discusses the following issues: whether women’s suffrage will really become a reality; the activities of the women of Balmazújváros with regard to a petition to the King, referring also to the role of the local authorities, and, most likely in connection with the petition, the difficulties of the local population to sustain itself; the speech that will be given by the (moderate agrarian-socialist social democratic politician) Vilmos Mezőfi. KEYWORDS: Women and Institutions of Empire; World War I; Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary Francis Joseph; Social Reform and Political Activism; Political and Human Rights; Suffrage; Work and Class Identity; Gender and Class; Peasant Women of Balmazújváros; Habsburg Empire; Hungary.
Show more
Show less
Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Date Written / Recorded
26 March 1919, 1919
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Letter
Author / Creator
Gábor Magyar, fl. 1910
Person Discussed
Franz Joseph I, Emperor of Austria, 1830-1916
Topic / Theme
World War I, 1914-1918, Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Social Reform and Political Activism, Political and Human Rights, Empire and Feminism, Political Parties and Other Male Dominated Organizations, Suffrage, Equal Rights for Women, Social and Cultural Rights, Hungarians, 20th Century in World History (1914--2000)
×
See details
Maria Dimitriu-Castano to Elena Meissner, February 22, 1938
written by Maria Dimitriu-Castano, fl. 1930, in Constantin and Elena Meissner Family Collection, of Romania. National Archives (folder XI29, vol. 2, files 150 - 151) (Bucharest, Bucharest County) (22 February 1938) , 4 page(s)
Description: Letter sent to Elena Meissner, leader of the Association for the Civil and Political Emancipation of Romanian Women (AECPFR), by Maria Dimitriu-Castano (president of the Constanța branch of AECPFR) on February 22, 1938. Two days before the letter was sent, on February 20, 1938, a new constitution inc...
Sample
written by Maria Dimitriu-Castano, fl. 1930, in Constantin and Elena Meissner Family Collection, of Romania. National Archives (folder XI29, vol. 2, files 150 - 151) (Bucharest, Bucharest County) (22 February 1938) , 4 page(s)
Description
Description: Letter sent to Elena Meissner, leader of the Association for the Civil and Political Emancipation of Romanian Women (AECPFR), by Maria Dimitriu-Castano (president of the Constanța branch of AECPFR) on February 22, 1938. Two days before the letter was sent, on February 20, 1938, a new constitution incorporating corporatist principles was issued under the newly established monarchical dictatorship. Articles 61 and 63 stipulated that w...
Description: Letter sent to Elena Meissner, leader of the Association for the Civil and Political Emancipation of Romanian Women (AECPFR), by Maria Dimitriu-Castano (president of the Constanța branch of AECPFR) on February 22, 1938. Two days before the letter was sent, on February 20, 1938, a new constitution incorporating corporatist principles was issued under the newly established monarchical dictatorship. Articles 61 and 63 stipulated that women over 30 had the right to vote for the Deputies Chamber (but not to be elected to the legislative body) and that the women over 40 could vote and be nominated to the Senate. These stipulations were, however, not to be put in practice at that point because the constitution also stated that the conditions and procedures of suffrage for both Senate and Deputies Chamber were to be further developed in a future electoral law. However, the ban on political protests, made any suffragist activity of protest against these constitutional provisions useless. In the letter, Castano informed Meissner that although they officially declared that AECPFR was not a political organization, many members quit AECPFR. She asked Meissner to talk to a minister, release a communiqué stating clearly that the Association was not a political group, and change the name of the Association into The Romanian Feminist Association. Keywords: Feminism, politics, Association for the Civil and Political Emancipation of Romanian Women
Show more
Show less
Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Date Written / Recorded
22 February 1938, 1938
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Letter
Author / Creator
Maria Dimitriu-Castano, fl. 1930
Topic / Theme
Social Reform and Political Activism, Political and Human Rights, Political Parties and Other Male Dominated Organizations, Social and Cultural Rights, Equal Rights for Women, Suffrage, Romanians, 20th Century in World History (1914--2000)
×
![Megbizó Levél, Mrs. Gábor Magyar and Mrs. István Bordás, Balmazújváros, 12 November [ca. 1910s]](https://d3crmev290s45i.cloudfront.net/content/1009464xxx/1009464596/1009464596-size-exact-140x0.jpg "Megbizó Levél, Mrs. Gábor Magyar and Mrs. István Bordás, Balmazújváros, 12 November [ca. 1910s]")
See details
Megbizó Levél, Mrs. Gábor Magyar and Mrs. István Bordás, Balmazújváros, 12 November [ca. 1910s]
written by István Bordás Sára Rokon Tóth, fl. 1908 and Gábor Magyar, fl. 1910 (Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár Országos Levéltára [National Archives of Hungary – National Archives], P999 Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association], Box 3 Folder 5) (1910) , 1 page(s)
TITLE: Megbizó Levél, Mrs. Gábor Magyar and Mrs. István Bordás, [Authorization letter], Balmazújváros, 12 November [ca. 1910s]. DESCRIPTION: The letter belongs to a group of letters, which gives information on a group of politically active peasant women from Balmazújváros, today North-Eastern Hungary, and...
Sample
written by István Bordás Sára Rokon Tóth, fl. 1908 and Gábor Magyar, fl. 1910 (Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár Országos Levéltára [National Archives of Hungary – National Archives], P999 Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association], Box 3 Folder 5) (1910) , 1 page(s)
Description
TITLE: Megbizó Levél, Mrs. Gábor Magyar and Mrs. István Bordás, [Authorization letter], Balmazújváros, 12 November [ca. 1910s]. DESCRIPTION: The letter belongs to a group of letters, which gives information on a group of politically active peasant women from Balmazújváros, today North-Eastern Hungary, and the relationship between them and the Feminist Association (Feministák Egyesülete). See also, Péter Veres, “A feministák [The Fe...
TITLE: Megbizó Levél, Mrs. Gábor Magyar and Mrs. István Bordás, [Authorization letter], Balmazújváros, 12 November [ca. 1910s]. DESCRIPTION: The letter belongs to a group of letters, which gives information on a group of politically active peasant women from Balmazújváros, today North-Eastern Hungary, and the relationship between them and the Feminist Association (Feministák Egyesülete). See also, Péter Veres, “A feministák [The Feminists],” in Falusi krónika [Village Chronicle], 2nd ed. (Budapest: Magyar Élet kiadása, 1944), 231–243 (14pp.); as well as the correspondence with Ferencz (Ferenc) Pokrócz (Pokróc), Mrs. Gábor Magyar, Mrs. István Bordás, Mrs. István Szabó, Rosika Schwimmer, and the Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association]. The document conveys the decision taken during a meeting held in the rooms of the Agriculturalist-Association of Balmazújváros (Balmazújvárosi Földmivelő-Egylet). Two women, Mrs. István Bordás and Mrs. Gábor Magyar, shall represent the organization of the women of Balmazújváros at a conference called by the Feminist Association. The document gives a detailed reasoning, referring, among other things, to militarism and universal suffrage, and a version of the formula used by the Feminist Association: “Only the form of suffrage which includes women too is universal!” The document also refers to a prospective decision to be taken by “all our woman sisters of the world.” [The Hungarian text gives the gender-neutral Hungarian term for sisters/brothers, adding “woman” for clarification.] KEYWORDS: Social Reform and Political Activism; Political Parties and Other Male Dominated Organizations; Political and Human Rights; Suffrage; Work and Class Identity; Gender and Class; Peasant Women of Balmazújváros; Mrs. István Bordás Sára Rokon Tóth; Habsburg Empire; Hungary
Show more
Show less
Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Date Written / Recorded
1910
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Letter
Author / Creator
István Bordás Sára Rokon Tóth, fl. 1908, Gábor Magyar, fl. 1910
Topic / Theme
Political and Human Rights, Social Reform and Political Activism, Equal Rights for Women, Suffrage, Political Parties and Other Male Dominated Organizations, Social and Cultural Rights, Hungarians
×
See details
Mrs. Gábor Magyar to Budapesti feminista nők szervezetének, Balmazújváros, ca. 1910s
written by Gábor Magyar, fl. 1910 (Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár Országos Levéltára [National Archives of Hungary – National Archives], P999 Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association], Box 3 Folder 5) (1910) , 2 page(s)
TITLE: Mrs. Gábor Magyar to Budapesti feminista nők szervezetének [Organization of Feminist Women in Budapest], Balmazújváros, ca. 1910s. DESCRIPTION: The letter belongs to a group of letters, which gives information on a group of politically active peasant women from Balmazújváros, today North-Eastern Hung...
Sample
written by Gábor Magyar, fl. 1910 (Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár Országos Levéltára [National Archives of Hungary – National Archives], P999 Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association], Box 3 Folder 5) (1910) , 2 page(s)
Description
TITLE: Mrs. Gábor Magyar to Budapesti feminista nők szervezetének [Organization of Feminist Women in Budapest], Balmazújváros, ca. 1910s. DESCRIPTION: The letter belongs to a group of letters, which gives information on a group of politically active peasant women from Balmazújváros, today North-Eastern Hungary, and the relationship between them and the Feminist Association (Feministák Egyesülete). See also, Péter Veres, “A feministák...
TITLE: Mrs. Gábor Magyar to Budapesti feminista nők szervezetének [Organization of Feminist Women in Budapest], Balmazújváros, ca. 1910s. DESCRIPTION: The letter belongs to a group of letters, which gives information on a group of politically active peasant women from Balmazújváros, today North-Eastern Hungary, and the relationship between them and the Feminist Association (Feministák Egyesülete). See also, Péter Veres, “A feministák [The Feminists],” in Falusi krónika [Village Chronicle], 2nd ed. (Budapest: Magyar Élet kiadása, 1944), 231–243 (14pp.); as well as the correspondence with Ferencz (Ferenc) Pokrócz (Pokróc), Mrs. Gábor Magyar, Mrs. István Bordás, Mrs. István Szabó, Rosika Schwimmer, and the Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association]. Two male associates from Balmazújvár had been to Budapest; yet, they had not had the time to see Róza Schwimmer. The women plan to go to Budapest themselves, too. The male fellows had traveled to Budapest in connection with international cooperation involving Germany. They plan to call a people’s assembly in Balmazújváros in connection with the struggle for equal suffrage, and the women of Balmazújváros ask the women of the Feminist Association for information and advice in this regard because they want to participate in the struggle. KEYWORDS: Social Reform and Political Activism; Political Parties and Other Male Dominated Organizations; Political and Human Rights; Suffrage; Work and Class Identity; Gender and Class; Peasant Women of Balmazújváros; Habsburg Empire; Hungary.
Show more
Show less
Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Date Written / Recorded
1910
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Letter
Recipient Organization
Organization of Feminist Women, Budapest, Hungary
Author / Creator
Gábor Magyar, fl. 1910
Topic / Theme
Social Reform and Political Activism, Political and Human Rights, Political Parties and Other Male Dominated Organizations, Suffrage, Equal Rights for Women, Social and Cultural Rights, Hungarians
×
See details
Mrs. István Bordás to Feministák Egyesülete, Balmazújváros, ca. 1909
written by István Bordás Sára Rokon Tóth, fl. 1908 (Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár Országos Levéltára [National Archives of Hungary – National Archives], P999 Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association], Box 3 Folder 5) (1909) , 1 page(s)
TITLE: Mrs. István Bordás to Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association (in Hungary)], Balmazújváros, ca. 1909. DESCRIPTION: The letter belongs to a group of letters, which gives information on a group of politically active peasant women from Balmazújváros, today North-Eastern Hungary, and Mrs. István Bo...
Sample
written by István Bordás Sára Rokon Tóth, fl. 1908 (Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár Országos Levéltára [National Archives of Hungary – National Archives], P999 Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association], Box 3 Folder 5) (1909) , 1 page(s)
Description
TITLE: Mrs. István Bordás to Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association (in Hungary)], Balmazújváros, ca. 1909. DESCRIPTION: The letter belongs to a group of letters, which gives information on a group of politically active peasant women from Balmazújváros, today North-Eastern Hungary, and Mrs. István Bordás in particular, and the relationship between them and the Feminist Association (Feministák Egyesülete), and Róza Schwimmer in p...
TITLE: Mrs. István Bordás to Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association (in Hungary)], Balmazújváros, ca. 1909. DESCRIPTION: The letter belongs to a group of letters, which gives information on a group of politically active peasant women from Balmazújváros, today North-Eastern Hungary, and Mrs. István Bordás in particular, and the relationship between them and the Feminist Association (Feministák Egyesülete), and Róza Schwimmer in particular. See also, Péter Veres, “A feministák [The Feminists],” in Falusi krónika [Village Chronicle], 2nd ed. (Budapest: Magyar Élet kiadása, 1944), 231–243 (14pp.); as well as the correspondence with Ferencz (Ferenc) Pokrócz (Pokróc), Mrs. Gábor Magyar, Mrs. István Bordás, Mrs. István Szabó, Rosika Schwimmer, and the Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association]. The letter, which was written likely in 1909, opens with the salutation “My dear woman-fellows (Kedves nötársaim).” It refers to a letter the women of Balmazújváros had received in a language other than Hungarian. They could not read the letter and, therefore, had forwarded it to the Feminist Association. Since they cannot go (to London) because their “material situation” does not allow them to do so and since they cannot even send a letter there because they do not know the address, they kindly ask their fellows of the Feminist Association to take this letter on their behalf to London. The letter implies that the women of Balmazújváros had received an invitation from the International Woman Suffrage Alliance to participate in its fifth conference held in London from 26 April to 1 May 1909. This information was also publicized by the Feminist Association. KEYWORDS: Women Interacting with Women, Social Movements, and Other Actors Beyond Empire; Social Reform and Political Activism; Political and Human Rights; Suffrage; Work and Class Identity; Gender and Class; Peasant Women of Balmazújváros; Mrs. István Bordás Sára Rokon Tóth; Rosika Schwimmer; Habsburg Empire; Hungary.
Show more
Show less
Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Date Written / Recorded
1909
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Letter
Recipient Organization
Feminist Association, Hungary
Author / Creator
István Bordás Sára Rokon Tóth, fl. 1908
Topic / Theme
Social Reform and Political Activism, Political and Human Rights, Political Parties and Other Male Dominated Organizations, Suffrage, Equal Rights for Women, Social and Cultural Rights, Hungarians
×
See details
Mrs. István Szabó to Feministák Egyesülete, Balmazújváros, ca. 1910s
written by István Szabó, 1938- (Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár Országos Levéltára [National Archives of Hungary – National Archives], P999 Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association], Box 3 Folder 5) (1910) , 1 page(s)
TITLE: Mrs. István Szabó to Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association (in Hungary)], Balmazújváros, ca. 1910s. DESCRIPTION: The letter belongs to a group of letters, which gives information on a group of politically active peasant women from Balmazújváros, today North-Eastern Hungary, and the relationshi...
Sample
written by István Szabó, 1938- (Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár Országos Levéltára [National Archives of Hungary – National Archives], P999 Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association], Box 3 Folder 5) (1910) , 1 page(s)
Description
TITLE: Mrs. István Szabó to Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association (in Hungary)], Balmazújváros, ca. 1910s. DESCRIPTION: The letter belongs to a group of letters, which gives information on a group of politically active peasant women from Balmazújváros, today North-Eastern Hungary, and the relationship between them and the Feminist Association (Feministák Egyesülete). See also, Péter Veres, “A feministák [The Feminists],” in...
TITLE: Mrs. István Szabó to Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association (in Hungary)], Balmazújváros, ca. 1910s. DESCRIPTION: The letter belongs to a group of letters, which gives information on a group of politically active peasant women from Balmazújváros, today North-Eastern Hungary, and the relationship between them and the Feminist Association (Feministák Egyesülete). See also, Péter Veres, “A feministák [The Feminists],” in Falusi krónika [Village Chronicle], 2nd ed. (Budapest: Magyar Élet kiadása, 1944), 231–243 (14pp.); as well as the correspondence with Ferencz (Ferenc) Pokrócz (Pokróc), Mrs. Gábor Magyar, Mrs. István Bordás, Mrs. István Szabó, Rosika Schwimmer, and the Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association]. The dating of the letter is only partially visible. It was written on day 30 of any month between March and August, in an unknown year. The letter in all likelihood was written after June 1910, since Vilmos Mezőfi, the moderate agrarian-socialist social democratic politician (Social Democratic 48-Party [48-as Szociáldemokrata Párt]), to whom the letter refers, lost his mandate in the parliamentary elections held at that time. The women of Balmazújváros had traveled several times to the town of of Hajdúszoboszló some twenty kilometers away, where Mezőfi was campaigning. However, the women there, and even the “woman sisters [in Hungarian, rather than sister the gender-neutral term testvér is used; there is no gendered variant for testvér, and thus the term “woman” is added] have not even heard that the women should also organize. And we discussed that they should also organize. Because they belong into society in the same way as men do. Still, there are propertied women [in] Hajdúszoboszló who need the vote.” The women of Balmazújváros were pleased to see that Róza Schwimmer has made an appearance in Hajdúszoboszló. The women of Balmazújváros plead that the women of the Feminist Association shall not forget about them. They also want to see a people’s assembly organized in August or September. They had supported Mezőfi’s candidacy, but bribary had decided the outcome of the election. KEYWORDS: Social Reform and Political Activism; Political Parties and Other Male Dominated Organizations; Political and Human Rights; Suffrage; Work and Class Identity; Gender and Class; Peasant Women of Balmazújváros; Peasant Women’s Activism; Rosika Schwimmer; Habsburg Empire; Hungary.
Show more
Show less
Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Date Written / Recorded
1910
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Letter
Recipient Organization
Feminist Association, Hungary
Author / Creator
István Szabó, 1938-
Person Discussed
Rosika Schwimmer, 1877-1948
Topic / Theme
Social Reform and Political Activism, Work and Class Identity, Political and Human Rights, Political Parties and Other Male Dominated Organizations, Women as “Proletariat”, Suffrage, Social and Cultural Rights, Non-aligned Social Movements, Hungarians
×
