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Africa, Peace and Freedom: Women's International League Conference, November 20, 1934, London
written by Women's International League for Peace and Freedom (London, England: Women's International League for Peace and Freedom, 1934), 22 page(s)
Sample
written by Women's International League for Peace and Freedom (London, England: Women's International League for Peace and Freedom, 1934), 22 page(s)
Collection
Women and Social Movements, International
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Government/institutional document
Author / Creator
Women's International League for Peace and Freedom
Date Published / Released
1934
Publisher
Women's International League for Peace and Freedom
Series
Proceedings of Women's International League for Peace and Freedom
Topic / Theme
Women of Color, Peace, International Governance, and International Law, Political and Human Rights, Race Discrimination, International Peace, Equal Rights for Women
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Anuarul Reuniunii Femeilor din Sibiu pe anii 1914-1915 si 1915-1916
written by Reunion of Romanian Women in Sibiu (Sibiu, Sibiu County: Editura Reuniunii, 1916), 38 page(s)
TITLE: Yearbook of the Reunion of Romanian Women for the years 1914-1915 and 1915-1916. DESCRIPTION: This document is the yearbook for the 1914-1915 period, by the Reuniunea Femeilor Române / Reunion of Romanian Women in Sibiu/ Hermannstadt/Nagyszeben. The Reunion was founded in 1880. It opened a Romanian-languag...
Sample
written by Reunion of Romanian Women in Sibiu (Sibiu, Sibiu County: Editura Reuniunii, 1916), 38 page(s)
Description
TITLE: Yearbook of the Reunion of Romanian Women for the years 1914-1915 and 1915-1916. DESCRIPTION: This document is the yearbook for the 1914-1915 period, by the Reuniunea Femeilor Române / Reunion of Romanian Women in Sibiu/ Hermannstadt/Nagyszeben. The Reunion was founded in 1880. It opened a Romanian-language, private, elementary school for girls in 1883. In 1905/1906 the Reunion inaugurated a “School for home economy and industry.” It...
TITLE: Yearbook of the Reunion of Romanian Women for the years 1914-1915 and 1915-1916. DESCRIPTION: This document is the yearbook for the 1914-1915 period, by the Reuniunea Femeilor Române / Reunion of Romanian Women in Sibiu/ Hermannstadt/Nagyszeben. The Reunion was founded in 1880. It opened a Romanian-language, private, elementary school for girls in 1883. In 1905/1906 the Reunion inaugurated a “School for home economy and industry.” It reorganized this school in 1911, by dividing it into sections for training in industrial and housekeeping work but closed it in 1914. For more on the school, see Reuniunea Femeilor Romane Sibiu, Anuarul Reuniunii Femeilor din Sibiu pe anii 1911-1912 [The Yearbook of the Women’s Meeting in Sibiu for the Years 1911-1912] (Sibiu: Tiparul Tipografia Arhidiecezane, 1912). After the beginning of the Great War, the Sibiu Reunion volunteered to care for the Austro-Hungarian Army’s wounded by creating a “reserve hospital” in the training school’s building. In 1919, Queen Marie of Romania (1875-1938) became patron of the Reunion’s reopened School for Housekeeping and Industry. In the years that followed, the Sibiu Reunion was a significant participant in the federative Union of Romanian Women, initiated by Maria Baiulescu. ¶ The Yearbook offers information on the activities of the Sibiu Reunion of Romanian Women between 1914 and 1916. According to the administrative documents reproduced in the yearbook (meeting minutes, budgets, annual report), the “reserve hospital” cared for “264 wounded soldiers, by origin from the different countries of our Monarchy.” In 1915, the Reunion hospital and its initiators were commended by the visiting Archduke Franz Salvator of Austria (1866-1939), a promoter of the Red Cross in Austria-Hungary. In 1916, the Reunion closed its hospital, arguing that it was no longer sent any wounded to care for. Valeria Soroștineanu has shown that the situation of Sibiu/Nagyszeben/Hermannstadt and its inhabitants during the second half of the war was complicated: when the Kingdom of Romania joined the war in 1916, on the side of the Entente, the city was quickly surrounded by the neighboring country’s troops, with most civilians fleeing the area. The members of the Reunion remaining in the (still Austro-Hungarian) city of Sibiu/Nagyszeben/Hermannstadt drastically reduced their social involvement, due to the “heavy atmosphere” and the weight of familial concerns. The Reunion re-emerged in late 1918 to welcome Romanian troops to the city and host a reception in honor of the Romanian-allied French General Henri Berthelot (1861-1931). For more on this, see Reuniunea Femeilor Romane Sibiu, Anuarul Reuniunii Femeilor din Sibiu pe anii 1911-1912 [The Yearbook of the Women’s Meeting in Sibiu for the Years 1911-1912] (Sibiu: Tiparul Tipografia Arhidiecezane, 1912). ¶ By covering the first years of the Great War, the yearbook helps us understand the transition undergone by the Sibiu Reunion, and to a certain extent, all women’s Reunions in Transylvania. Until 1916, the Reunion behaved largely like an Austro-Hungarian association of pragmatic, nationalistic Romanian women and was considered a significant part of Sibiu/Nagyszeben/Hermannstadt’s municipal associational fabric. After 1918, the organization presented itself and was recognized as primarily, ardently nationalistic. This yearbook helps reconstruct the evolution of Transylvanian Romanian women’s associations in the years right before, during and immediately after the Great War. In a broader sense, it contributes to comprehending the transformation of “empire” into “post-empire,” for the case of the Dual Monarchy. KEYWORDS: Peace and War, International Governance, and International Law; War; War-time welfare; Women and Nation within Empire; Women and Nation-Building; Women and Relationship Between Nations in the Empire; Women and Struggle Between Nations in the Empire; Women and National Languages; National Identity; Empire Silenced; Social Reform and Political Activism; Women and Sexuality, Birth Control, and Health; Women as Medical Professionals; Habsburg Empire; Funds and donations; Municipal activism; Archduke Franz Salvator, Archduke of Austria, Prince of Tuscany; Princess Marie of Edinburgh, Queen Marie of Romania.
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Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Book
Author / Creator
Reunion of Romanian Women in Sibiu
Date Published / Released
1916
Publisher
Editura Reuniunii
Person Discussed
Marie, of Romania, 1875-1938, Franz Salvator, Archduke of Austria, 1866-1939
Topic / Theme
Political and Human Rights, Social Reform and Political Activism, Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Women and Education, Women and Sexuality, Birth Control, and Health, Peace, International Governance, and International Law, Social and Cultural Rights, Multi-Ethnic Participation in Social Movements, National Identity, Empire and Feminism, Gendered Education, Education as a Source...
Political and Human Rights, Social Reform and Political Activism, Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Women and Education, Women and Sexuality, Birth Control, and Health, Peace, International Governance, and International Law, Social and Cultural Rights, Multi-Ethnic Participation in Social Movements, National Identity, Empire and Feminism, Gendered Education, Education as a Source of Women’s Emancipation, Empire and Education, Women as Medical Professionals, Birth Control, Sexuality, International Peace, Romanians, 20th Century in World History (1914--2000)
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Die Polinnen und der Krieg
written by Zofia Daszyńska-Golińska, 1860-1934 (Archiwum Biblioteki Jagiellońskiej, Fragment archiwum NZ LK NKN, 8836/IV: k 23-27) (1915) , 5 page(s)
TITLE: Polish Women and the War. DESCRIPTION: The archive of Jagiellonian Library in Cracow contains unpublished material of Zofia Daszyńska-Golińska (1866-1934) which she collected due to her task to represent the Polish women’s organization “Liga Kobiet (Women’s League)” at the international Women’s...
Sample
written by Zofia Daszyńska-Golińska, 1860-1934 (Archiwum Biblioteki Jagiellońskiej, Fragment archiwum NZ LK NKN, 8836/IV: k 23-27) (1915) , 5 page(s)
Description
TITLE: Polish Women and the War. DESCRIPTION: The archive of Jagiellonian Library in Cracow contains unpublished material of Zofia Daszyńska-Golińska (1866-1934) which she collected due to her task to represent the Polish women’s organization “Liga Kobiet (Women’s League)” at the international Women’s Peace Congress in The Hague in 1915. Daszyńska-Golińska was a socialist and feminist politician and a national economist (Nationalök...
TITLE: Polish Women and the War. DESCRIPTION: The archive of Jagiellonian Library in Cracow contains unpublished material of Zofia Daszyńska-Golińska (1866-1934) which she collected due to her task to represent the Polish women’s organization “Liga Kobiet (Women’s League)” at the international Women’s Peace Congress in The Hague in 1915. Daszyńska-Golińska was a socialist and feminist politician and a national economist (Nationalökonomin). She gained her PhD at the University of Zurich (Universität Zürich) in 1891 and taught at Berlin University (Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, today Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin). She stood up for women’s right to vote and for the independence of Poland. She also was a representative of the eugenic movement in Poland especially between the wars. The “International Congress of Women, The Hague, 1915” called together representatives of women’s organizations from all over the world to prevent war in future. It established the “International Committee of Women for Permanent Peace”, since 1919 “Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom”. The “Liga Kobiet (Women’s League)” joined together active Polish women to mobilize them for the “Polish question”. The collection consists of 48 pp. of different handwritten papers and typescripts in German and Polish from Daszyńska-Goliǹska: records from meetings and policy papers about the positions of Polish women’s politics concerning independence, peace and the role of women during war times. In addition, there are some English, Polish and German announcements and protocols concerning the Congress and the Committee. They are not written by Daszyńska-Golińska. The typescript “Die Polinnen und der Krieg (Polish Women and the War)” and the handwritten manuscript “Berichtüber die Friedensarbeit der polnischen Frauen (Report on Peace Activities of Polish Women)”describe the activities of the Women’s League: collecting money for war literature, work in the military hospitals, cultural work to strengthen the national consciousness. It explains why though these activities supported the war they nevertheless belonged to the peace activities of the international women’s organizations: the importance of Polish independence for a new European order. KEYWORDS: Women and Practices/Cultures of Empire; Women Interacting with Women, Social Movements, and Other Actors Beyond Empire; Women and Nation within Empire; Women Challenging Empire; Peace and War; Social Reform and Political Activism; Political and Human Rights; Habsburg Empire; Poland; The Hague
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Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Date Written / Recorded
1915
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Government/institutional document
Author / Creator
Zofia Daszyńska-Golińska, 1860-1934
Topic / Theme
Political and Human Rights, Social Reform and Political Activism, Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Peace, International Governance, and International Law, Human Rights, Social and Cultural Rights, National Identity, Nationalism and Independence Movements, International Peace, Polish, 20th Century in World History (1914--2000)
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Do szanownego Zarzadu Kola Ligi Kobiet
written by Ada Markowa, fl. 1915 and Wanda Bilewska, fl. 1915 (Archiwum Biblioteki Jagiellońskiej, Fragment archiwum NZ LK NKN, 8836/IV: k 28) (01 August 1915) , 1 page(s)
TITLE: To the Honourable Board of the Circle of Women’s League (Cracow, August 1st, 1915). DESCRIPTION: The archive of Jagiellonian Library in Cracow contains unpublished material of Zofia Daszyńska-Golińska (1866-1934) which she collected due to her task to represent the Polish women’s organization “Liga...
Sample
written by Ada Markowa, fl. 1915 and Wanda Bilewska, fl. 1915 (Archiwum Biblioteki Jagiellońskiej, Fragment archiwum NZ LK NKN, 8836/IV: k 28) (01 August 1915) , 1 page(s)
Description
TITLE: To the Honourable Board of the Circle of Women’s League (Cracow, August 1st, 1915). DESCRIPTION: The archive of Jagiellonian Library in Cracow contains unpublished material of Zofia Daszyńska-Golińska (1866-1934) which she collected due to her task to represent the Polish women’s organization “Liga Kobiet (Women’s League)” at the international Women’s Peace Congress in The Hague in 1915. Daszyńska-Golińska was a socialist a...
TITLE: To the Honourable Board of the Circle of Women’s League (Cracow, August 1st, 1915). DESCRIPTION: The archive of Jagiellonian Library in Cracow contains unpublished material of Zofia Daszyńska-Golińska (1866-1934) which she collected due to her task to represent the Polish women’s organization “Liga Kobiet (Women’s League)” at the international Women’s Peace Congress in The Hague in 1915. Daszyńska-Golińska was a socialist and feminist politician and a national economist (Nationalökonomin). She gained her PhD at the University of Zurich (Universität Zürich) in 1891 and taught at Berlin University (Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, today Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin). She stood up for women’s right to vote and for the independence of Poland. She also was a representative of the eugenic movement in Poland especially between the wars. The “International Congress of Women, The Hague, 1915” called together representatives of women’s organizations from all over the world to prevent war in future. It established the “International Committee of Women for Permanent Peace,” since 1919 “Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom.” The “Liga Kobiet (Women’s League)” joined together active Polish women to mobilize them for the “Polish question”. The collection consists of 48 pp. of different handwritten papers and typescripts in German and Polish from Daszyńska-Goliǹska: records from meetings and policy papers about the positions of Polish women’s politics concerning independence, peace and the role of women during war times. In addition, there are some English, Polish and German announcements and protocols concerning the Congress and the Committee. They are not written by Daszyńska-Golińska. The draft ‘Do szanownego Zarządu Koła Ligi Kobiet (Kraków, dnia 1 sierpnia 1915) [To the Honourable Board of the Circle of Women’s League (Cracow, August 1st, 1915)]’ was signed by Wanda Bilowska and Ada Markowa, members of the ruling board of the Liga Kobiet (Women’s League). It addressed Circles of the League which are asked to discuss and to distribute the paper written by Daszyńska-Golińska about the peace Congress. KEYWORDS: Women and Practices/Cultures of Empire; Women Interacting with Women, Social Movements, and Other Actors Beyond Empire; Women and Nation within Empire; Women Challenging Empire; Peace and War; Social Reform and Political Activism; Political and Human Rights; Habsburg Empire; Poland; Germany; France; Italy; Finland; Serbia; The Hague; Amsterdam
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Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Date Written / Recorded
01 August 1915, 1915
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Letter
Author / Creator
Ada Markowa, fl. 1915, Wanda Bilewska, fl. 1915
Person Discussed
Zofia Daszyńska-Golińska, 1860-1934
Topic / Theme
Social Reform and Political Activism, Political and Human Rights, Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Peace, International Governance, and International Law, Multi-Ethnic Participation in Social Movements, Human Rights, Social and Cultural Rights, Nationalism and Independence Movements, International Peace, Polish, 20th Century in World History (1914--2000)
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Egyesült Erovel. A Magyarországi Noegyesületek Szövetségének és a szövetséget alkotó egyesületek legtöbbjének hivatalos közlö...
(Országos Széchényi Könyvtár [National Széchényi Library]), in Egyesült Erővel. A Magyarországi Nőegyesületek Szövetségének és a sz.-et [szövetséget] alkotó egyesületek legtöbbjének hivatalos közlönyük [With United Forces: Official Bulletin of the Alliance of Women’s Organizations of Hungary], Vol. 4, No. 1-4 (Budapest, Budapest County: Alliance of Women’s Organizations of Hungary, 1913), 56 page(s)
TITLE: With United Forces: Official Bulletin of the Alliance of Women’s Organizations of Hungary, Vol. IV, No. 1-4. DESCRIPTION: This journal issue is part of a selection of journals documenting the history of the Hungarian-speaking women’s movement in the Hungarian Kingdom in the Habsburg Monarchy. All issues...
Sample
(Országos Széchényi Könyvtár [National Széchényi Library]), in Egyesült Erővel. A Magyarországi Nőegyesületek Szövetségének és a sz.-et [szövetséget] alkotó egyesületek legtöbbjének hivatalos közlönyük [With United Forces: Official Bulletin of the Alliance of Women’s Organizations of Hungary], Vol. 4, No. 1-4 (Budapest, Budapest County: Alliance of Women’s Organizations of Hungary, 1913), 56 page(s)
Description
TITLE: With United Forces: Official Bulletin of the Alliance of Women’s Organizations of Hungary, Vol. IV, No. 1-4. DESCRIPTION: This journal issue is part of a selection of journals documenting the history of the Hungarian-speaking women’s movement in the Hungarian Kingdom in the Habsburg Monarchy. All issues available from 1909 to 1914 in the Országos Széchényi Könyvtár [Hungarian National Library] are included in this digital archive....
TITLE: With United Forces: Official Bulletin of the Alliance of Women’s Organizations of Hungary, Vol. IV, No. 1-4. DESCRIPTION: This journal issue is part of a selection of journals documenting the history of the Hungarian-speaking women’s movement in the Hungarian Kingdom in the Habsburg Monarchy. All issues available from 1909 to 1914 in the Országos Széchényi Könyvtár [Hungarian National Library] are included in this digital archive. As indicated in its subtitle, Egyesült Erővel (With United Forces) was the Official Bulletin of the Alliance of Women’s Organizations of Hungary (Magyarországi Nőegyesületek Szövetsége) and most of the associations forming the alliance. The alliance was established in 1904 and had 78 members in 1909. The journal gives information on the activities of the alliance, including its general assemblies and the activities of many Hungarian women’s associations. Repeatedly mentioned, among others, are the Budapest Israelite Women’s Association (Budapesti Izraelita Nőegylet) and other Jewish women’s associations, the Hungarian Welfare Women’s Association of Brassó [Brasov, Kronstadt] (Brassói Magyar Jótékony Nőegylet), the Klotild Assocation for the Marketing of Women’s Work (A női munkát értékesitő Klotild egylet), the National Association of Hungarian Farmer Women (Magyar Gazdasszonyok Országos Egyesülete), the Maria Dorothea Association (Mária Dorothea Egyesület), the National Association for Women’s Education (Országos Nőképző Egyesület), the Hungarian Association against the Traffic in Girls (Magyar Egyesület a Leánykereskedés ellen), the National Association of Woman Employees (Nőtisztviselők Országos Egyesülete), the National Catholic Association for the Protection of Women (Országos Kath. Nővédő Egyesület), and the Tabitha Women’s Association (Tabitha-Nőegylet). ¶ Egyesült Erővel regularly reported on congresses, news, and activities related to international organizations, including those by and for women and women’s movements of other countries. The journal published articles about various questions, institutions, and activities considered relevant for the women’s movement and women’s organizing in Hungary, in other countries, and in transnational perspective. It also included book reviews. The journal thus constitutes a key source of information in particular on the history of the more moderate wing of the Hungarian women’s movement and its international context. Non-Hungarian women’s activism in the Hungarian Kingdom is barely mentioned (see vol. 2, July-October 1911, p. 126); therefore, silenced in the journal. The organizations of social-democratic women were not covered by the journal. The liberal-progressive Feminist Association (Feministák Egyesülete) was a member of the Alliance and is repeatedly mentioned. The Feminist Association (Feministák Egyesülete) published its own journal, however, which is available online elsewhere. The journals of the social democratic women, Nőmunkás (Woman Worker) and the Catholic women’s movement, Értesítő (Information), are partially available in this digital archive. KEYWORDS: Peace and War, International Governance, and International Law; Disarmament; Social Reform and Political Activism; Campaigns Against Prostitution and Sex Trafficking; Welfare Movements; Mutualité; Habsburg Empire; Hungary; Auguszta Rosenberg; Mrs. György Markos; Mrs. Albert Apponyi born Clotilde, Klotild Dietrichstein-Mensdorff-Pouilly (1867–1942); Róza Latinovits
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Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Periodical issue
Date Published / Released
1913
Publisher
Alliance of Women’s Organizations of Hungary
Series
Egyesült Erővel. A Magyarországi Nőegyesületek Szövetségének és a sz.-et [szövetséget] alkotó egyesületek legtöbbjének hivatalos közlönyük [With United Forces: Official Bulletin of the Alliance of Women’s Organizations of Hungary]
Person Discussed
Countess Clotilde Apponyi, 1867-1942, Róza Latinovits, 1877-1936, Mrs. György Markos, fl. 1911, Auguszta Rosenberg, 1859-1946
Topic / Theme
Political and Human Rights, Social Reform and Political Activism, Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Peace, International Governance, and International Law, Suffrage, Equal Rights for Women, Multi-Ethnic Participation in Social Movements, Social and Cultural Rights, Empire and Feminism, Campaigns Against Prostitution and Sex Trafficking, Post-war Treaty Terms, International Peace,...
Political and Human Rights, Social Reform and Political Activism, Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Peace, International Governance, and International Law, Suffrage, Equal Rights for Women, Multi-Ethnic Participation in Social Movements, Social and Cultural Rights, Empire and Feminism, Campaigns Against Prostitution and Sex Trafficking, Post-war Treaty Terms, International Peace, Hungarians
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Ein Schreiben des Deutschen Nationalen Frauen-Ausschusses für dauernden Frieden an den Reichskanzler Dr. von Bethmann Hollweg, 6. Monatsber...
written by Frida Perlen, fl. 1919, Anita Augspurg, 1857-1943 and Lida Gustava Heymann, 1868-1943 (Archiwum Biblioteki Jagiellońskiej, Fragment archiwum NZ LK NKN, 8836/IV: k 45) (November 1915) , 1 page(s)
TITLE: A Letter of the German National Committee of Women for Permanent Peace to Imperial Chancellor Dr. von BethmannHollweg, 6th monthly report, suppl. no 2 (Munich, November 1915). DESCRIPTION: The archive of Jagiellonian Library in Cracow contains unpublished material of Zofia Daszyńska-Golińska (1866-1934) w...
Sample
written by Frida Perlen, fl. 1919, Anita Augspurg, 1857-1943 and Lida Gustava Heymann, 1868-1943 (Archiwum Biblioteki Jagiellońskiej, Fragment archiwum NZ LK NKN, 8836/IV: k 45) (November 1915) , 1 page(s)
Description
TITLE: A Letter of the German National Committee of Women for Permanent Peace to Imperial Chancellor Dr. von BethmannHollweg, 6th monthly report, suppl. no 2 (Munich, November 1915). DESCRIPTION: The archive of Jagiellonian Library in Cracow contains unpublished material of Zofia Daszyńska-Golińska (1866-1934) which she collected due to her task to represent the Polish women’s organization “Liga Kobiet (Women’s League)” at the internati...
TITLE: A Letter of the German National Committee of Women for Permanent Peace to Imperial Chancellor Dr. von BethmannHollweg, 6th monthly report, suppl. no 2 (Munich, November 1915). DESCRIPTION: The archive of Jagiellonian Library in Cracow contains unpublished material of Zofia Daszyńska-Golińska (1866-1934) which she collected due to her task to represent the Polish women’s organization “Liga Kobiet (Women’s League)” at the international Women’s Peace Congress in The Hague in 1915. Daszyńska-Golińska was a socialist and feminist politician and a national economist (Nationalökonomin). She gained her PhD at the University of Zurich (Universität Zürich) in 1891 and taught at Berlin University (Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, today Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin). She stood up for women’s right to vote and for the independence of Poland. She also was a representative of the eugenic movement in Poland especially between the wars. The “International Congress of Women, The Hague, 1915” called together representatives of women’s organizations from all over the world to prevent war in future. It established the “International Committee of Women for Permanent Peace,” since 1919 “Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom.” The “Liga Kobiet (Women’s League)” joined together active Polish women to mobilize them for the “Polish question.” The collection consists of 48 pp. of different handwritten papers and typescripts in German and Polish from Daszyńska-Goliǹska: records from meetings and policy papers about the positions of Polish women’s politics concerning independence, peace and the role of women during war times. In addition, there are some English, Polish and German announcements and protocols concerning the Congress and the Committee. They are not written by Daszyńska-Golińska. The official letter of Lida Gustava Heymann, Anita Augspurg and Frida Perlen, activists of the German delegation of the German National Committee of Women for Permanent Peace. Women’s peace activists of the German Women’s movement asked the Imperial Chancellor Dr. von Bethmann Hollweg to agitate for peace negotiations like British members of the Parliament already would do. KEYWORDS: Women and Practices/Cultures of Empire; Women Interacting with Women, Social Movements, and Other Actors Beyond Empire; Women and Nation within Empire; Women Challenging Empire; Peace and War; Social Reform and Political Activism; Political and Human Rights; Habsburg Empire; Poland; Germany; Great Britain
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Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Date Written / Recorded
November 1915, 1915
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Government/institutional document
Author / Creator
Frida Perlen, fl. 1919, Anita Augspurg, 1857-1943, Lida Gustava Heymann, 1868-1943
Person Discussed
Theobald von Bethmann-Hollweg, 1856-1921
Topic / Theme
Peace, International Governance, and International Law, Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Social Reform and Political Activism, Political and Human Rights, International Peace, Nationalism and Independence Movements, National Identity, Multi-Ethnic Participation in Social Movements, Social and Cultural Rights, Opposition to Imperialism, Human Rights, Polish, 20th Century in World...
Peace, International Governance, and International Law, Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Social Reform and Political Activism, Political and Human Rights, International Peace, Nationalism and Independence Movements, National Identity, Multi-Ethnic Participation in Social Movements, Social and Cultural Rights, Opposition to Imperialism, Human Rights, Polish, 20th Century in World History (1914--2000)
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A feministák
written by Péter Veres, 1897-1970, in Falusi krónika [Village Chronicle], 2nd, ed. by Péter Veres. (Budapest: Magyar Élet kiadása, 1944). pp. 231-243 (1944), 14 page(s)
TITLE: The Feminists, in _Village Chronicle_. DESCRIPTION: In this chapter of his book, Péter Veres (born 1897, Balmazújváros, today North-Eastern Hungary, died 1970), writer, peasant politician and later on state-socialist politician, gives a document-based account of the history of a group of politically acti...
Sample
written by Péter Veres, 1897-1970, in Falusi krónika [Village Chronicle], 2nd, ed. by Péter Veres. (Budapest: Magyar Élet kiadása, 1944). pp. 231-243 (1944), 14 page(s)
Description
TITLE: The Feminists, in _Village Chronicle_. DESCRIPTION: In this chapter of his book, Péter Veres (born 1897, Balmazújváros, today North-Eastern Hungary, died 1970), writer, peasant politician and later on state-socialist politician, gives a document-based account of the history of a group of politically active peasant women under the leadership of Mrs. István Bordás Sára Rokon Tóth. Veres relates that on Ascension Day 1908, the National...
TITLE: The Feminists, in _Village Chronicle_. DESCRIPTION: In this chapter of his book, Péter Veres (born 1897, Balmazújváros, today North-Eastern Hungary, died 1970), writer, peasant politician and later on state-socialist politician, gives a document-based account of the history of a group of politically active peasant women under the leadership of Mrs. István Bordás Sára Rokon Tóth. Veres relates that on Ascension Day 1908, the National Agriculture Party (Országos Földmívelő Párt), a left-wing peasant party, and the “local women” (helyi asszonyok) invited Róza Schwimmer (1877-1948) to a women’s meeting in Balmazújváros. Róza Schwimmer was a key representative of the Feminist Association (Feministák Egyesülete), the leading progressive-liberal women’s organization in Hungary at the time. (According to Schwimmer, a women’s organization had been founded in Balmazújváros on April 8, 1908). Upon Christmas 1908, a leaflet was available: the cover page gave the party program, while the reverse side gave Mrs. Bordás’ proclamation, which ponders why nobody asks questions about women’s inclusion when peasant women who do all the hard, agricultural work side by side with men. Veres in his chapter makes sure to repeatedly differentiate between the approach, language, and demands of the “feminists” as opposed to the peasant women, underlining that the latter were engaged with bread and butter issues too. He directly quotes their complaint that the Magyars suffer from high taxes while “the border is full with” Slovakian, Ukrainian, Romanian and Palóc-Hungarian agricultural contract workers. ¶ The women from Balmazújváros attracted international attention. Mrs. István Bordás, Julis (Julia) Bak, Mrs. Gábor Magyar, Mrs. András Juhász Ilona Pénzes, Mrs. Bálint Gém and Mrs. József Deli (these are the names Veres gives) traveled to Budapest in 1913 and participated in the seventh congress of the International Woman Suffrage Alliance IWSA in the Hungarian capital city and related formal events. In 1917, two women from Balmazújváros, Mrs. Péter Szeifert Julcsa (Júlia) Pokrócz and Mrs. Imre Béke, participated in a suffrage delegation of the Feminist Association (Feministák Egyesülete), which was received by the Hungarian Prime minister István Tisza. Veres recounts the experiences of the women from Balmazújváros in 1913 and 1917 in colorful detail. ¶ This digital archive includes a set of dated letters from the women of Balmazújváros to the Feminist Association from the beginning in 1908 through 1918, as well as undated letters, which can be assumed to have been written before the end of the Habsburg Monarchy. See, the correspondence with Ferencz (Ferenc) Pokrócz (Pokróc), Mrs. Gábor Magyar, Mrs. István Bordás, Mrs. István Szabó, Rosika Schwimmer, and the Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association]. Of note, the journal of the Feminist Association, titled A nő és a társadalom [Women and Society], is available full text online elsewhere. It repeatedly reports about the women from Balmazújváros. Parts of Péter Veres’s account directly build on these reports. KEYWORDS: Women and Institutions of Empire; Hungarian government; Peace and War, International Governance, and International Law; World War I; Social Reform and Political Activism; Political Parties and Other Male Dominated Organizations; Political and Human Rights; Suffrage; Equal Rights for Women; Work and Class Identity; Gender and Class; Association of Peasant Women; Home Industry; Habsburg Empire; Hungary; Slovakia
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Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Section
Author / Creator
Péter Veres, 1897-1970
Date Published / Released
1944
Person Discussed
Rosika Schwimmer, 1877-1948, István Bordás Sára Rokon Tóth, fl. 1908
Topic / Theme
World War I, 1914-1918, Political and Human Rights, Social Reform and Political Activism, Work and Class Identity, Women and Development, Peace, International Governance, and International Law, Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Equal Rights for Women, Suffrage, Political Parties and Other Male Dominated Organizations, Women as “Proletariat”, Household Crafts, Human Rights, Int...
World War I, 1914-1918, Political and Human Rights, Social Reform and Political Activism, Work and Class Identity, Women and Development, Peace, International Governance, and International Law, Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Equal Rights for Women, Suffrage, Political Parties and Other Male Dominated Organizations, Women as “Proletariat”, Household Crafts, Human Rights, International Peace, Empire and Feminism, Slovak, Hungarians, 20th Century in World History (1914--2000)
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The First Fifty Years
written by Dorothy Detzer, 1893-1981, in Dorothy Detzer Papers, 1913-1981, of Swarthmore College Peace Collection (Box 5, Folder "Speech: 'The First Fifty Years' (1965) (WILPF 50th Anniversary)") (Swarthmore, PA) (1965) , 28 page(s)
Sample
written by Dorothy Detzer, 1893-1981, in Dorothy Detzer Papers, 1913-1981, of Swarthmore College Peace Collection (Box 5, Folder "Speech: 'The First Fifty Years' (1965) (WILPF 50th Anniversary)") (Swarthmore, PA) (1965) , 28 page(s)
Collection
Women and Social Movements, International
Date Written / Recorded
1965
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Speech/Address
Author / Creator
Dorothy Detzer, 1893-1981
Topic / Theme
Peace, International Governance, and International Law, Political and Human Rights, Disarmament, International Peace, Equal Rights for Women
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Honleányokhoz
(Országos Széchényi Könyvtár [National Széchényi Library]), in Nemzetőr. Melléklet a "Pesti Divatlaphoz" [National Guardsman: Supplement to the Pest Fashion Magazine], No. 21, November 23, 1848, p. 323 (1848), 1 page(s)
TITLE: To the Daughters of the Homeland. DESCRIPTION: This poem is from the title page of the 23 November 1848 issue of Nemzetőr (Guardian of the Nation). It exhorts patriotic girls to stand behind the revolutionary soldier fighting in the Hungarian militia/army (honvéd). In the last stanza, the image of sewing...
Sample
(Országos Széchényi Könyvtár [National Széchényi Library]), in Nemzetőr. Melléklet a "Pesti Divatlaphoz" [National Guardsman: Supplement to the Pest Fashion Magazine], No. 21, November 23, 1848, p. 323 (1848), 1 page(s)
Description
TITLE: To the Daughters of the Homeland. DESCRIPTION: This poem is from the title page of the 23 November 1848 issue of Nemzetőr (Guardian of the Nation). It exhorts patriotic girls to stand behind the revolutionary soldier fighting in the Hungarian militia/army (honvéd). In the last stanza, the image of sewing slides into the metaphor of stabbing to death the Habsburg enemy, embodied in the Viennese privy council rather than in the monarch, wh...
TITLE: To the Daughters of the Homeland. DESCRIPTION: This poem is from the title page of the 23 November 1848 issue of Nemzetőr (Guardian of the Nation). It exhorts patriotic girls to stand behind the revolutionary soldier fighting in the Hungarian militia/army (honvéd). In the last stanza, the image of sewing slides into the metaphor of stabbing to death the Habsburg enemy, embodied in the Viennese privy council rather than in the monarch, who at that time was recognized as the legitimate king of Hungary. KEYWORDS: Women and Institutions of Empire; Ferdinand I of Austria; Women Challenging Empire; Peace and War, International Governance and International Law; War; Women and Nation within Empire; Women and Nation-Building; Social Reform and Political Activism; Habsburg Empire; Hungary
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Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Poetry
Date Published / Released
23 November 1848, 1848
Person Discussed
Ferdinand I, Emperor of Austria, 1793-1875
Topic / Theme
Hungarian Revolution of 1848, Peace, International Governance, and International Law, Political and Human Rights, Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, International Peace, Law Enforcement, Social and Cultural Rights, Empire and Feminism, Austrians, Hungarians
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I.C. Dragescu to Emilia Dr. Rațiu, Turin, 8 January 1871
written by I. C. Drăgescu, fl. 1871 (Romania. Arhivele Nationale. Arhivele Nationale Istorice Centrale Bucharest, 848/1871, Fond 1246 Personal Fond Dr. Ioan Ratiu) (08 January 1871) , 2 page(s)
TITLE: I.C. Dragescu to Emilia Dr. Ratiu, Turin, 8 January 1871. DESCRIPTION: New Year’s postcard sent from Turin by hygienist and publicist I.C. Drăgescu to Emilia Rațiu. Ion C. Drăgescu was a hygienist doctor, who had studied in Italy. Although not based in the Kingdom of Hungary, but in the Kingdom of Roma...
Sample
written by I. C. Drăgescu, fl. 1871 (Romania. Arhivele Nationale. Arhivele Nationale Istorice Centrale Bucharest, 848/1871, Fond 1246 Personal Fond Dr. Ioan Ratiu) (08 January 1871) , 2 page(s)
Description
TITLE: I.C. Dragescu to Emilia Dr. Ratiu, Turin, 8 January 1871. DESCRIPTION: New Year’s postcard sent from Turin by hygienist and publicist I.C. Drăgescu to Emilia Rațiu. Ion C. Drăgescu was a hygienist doctor, who had studied in Italy. Although not based in the Kingdom of Hungary, but in the Kingdom of Romania, he was a frequent contributor to Transylvanian Romanian gazettes. In 1880, he published “Maternologia [Maternology]”, an influ...
TITLE: I.C. Dragescu to Emilia Dr. Ratiu, Turin, 8 January 1871. DESCRIPTION: New Year’s postcard sent from Turin by hygienist and publicist I.C. Drăgescu to Emilia Rațiu. Ion C. Drăgescu was a hygienist doctor, who had studied in Italy. Although not based in the Kingdom of Hungary, but in the Kingdom of Romania, he was a frequent contributor to Transylvanian Romanian gazettes. In 1880, he published “Maternologia [Maternology]”, an influential treatise on women’s health and children’s upbringing. Emilia Rațiu (1846-1929) was a Transylvanian Romanian nationalist activist and frequent contributor to the widely-read Familia magazine. She was married to Romanian National Party leader Ioan Rațiu. She was president of the Reunion of Romanian Women in the town of Turda/Torda/Thorenburg, founder of the Women’s Reading Society in the same town in 1873, and initiator of several other social reform and welfare activities. She led international mobilization efforts in favor of the claims of Transylvanian Romanians within Austria-Hungary, especially following the arrest of Ioan Rațiu in 1894. ¶ In this postcard, Drăgescu reproaches the “esteemed citoyenne” for the lack of mobilization of women in Transylvania in the face of France’s misfortunes and in favor of French prisoners and wounded. He argues that support committees of both women and men should have been formed. The “misfortunes” mentioned in the postcard likely refer to the then ongoing Franco-German War (July 1870-May 1871). (It should be noted that since 1867, Austria was no longer a member of the German Confederation). ¶ The document exemplifies the process through which certain political positions and mobilization tactics of organized women evolved in 19th-century Austria-Hungary and the fact that minority nationalists increasingly identified particular international political loyalties, distinctive from the broader policy of the Empire. The appeal for solidarity with France was made in the name of the radical ideas of the French Revolution, such as women’s symbolic citizenship, reflected in the title “citoyenne.” KEYWORDS: Women Interacting with Women, Social Movements, and Other Actors Beyond Empire; Peace and War, International Governance, and International Law; War; Women and International Relations; Empire and Internationalism; Social Reform and Political Activism; Welfare Movements; Habsburg Empire; Kingdom of Hungary; Transylvania; Franco-German War; Wartime Support committees for wounded; Mobilization; Liberalism.
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Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Date Written / Recorded
08 January 1871, 1871
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Letter
Author / Creator
I. C. Drăgescu, fl. 1871
Topic / Theme
Franco-Prussian War, 1870-1871, Political and Human Rights, Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Indigenous Women, Peace, International Governance, and International Law, Social Reform and Political Activism, Equal Rights for Women, Empire and Internationalism, Social Movements and Indigenous Women, Social and Political Leadership, International Peace, Multi-Ethnic Participation in S...
Franco-Prussian War, 1870-1871, Political and Human Rights, Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Indigenous Women, Peace, International Governance, and International Law, Social Reform and Political Activism, Equal Rights for Women, Empire and Internationalism, Social Movements and Indigenous Women, Social and Political Leadership, International Peace, Multi-Ethnic Participation in Social Movements, Germans, French, Romanians
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