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Converging Suffrage Politics: The Romanian Women's Movement in Hungary and Its Allies Before World War I
written by Oana Sinziana Paltineanu, fl. 2015, in Aspasia. The International Yearbook of Central, Eastern and Southeastern European Women’s and Gender History, Vol. 9, 2015, pp. 44-64 (2015, originally published 2015), 21 page(s)
This article focuses on the Romanian women's movement in Hungary before World
War I and on its veiled suffrage politics.
Sample
written by Oana Sinziana Paltineanu, fl. 2015, in Aspasia. The International Yearbook of Central, Eastern and Southeastern European Women’s and Gender History, Vol. 9, 2015, pp. 44-64 (2015, originally published 2015), 21 page(s)
Description
This article focuses on the Romanian women's movement in Hungary before World
War I and on its veiled suffrage politics.
Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Essay
Author / Creator
Oana Sinziana Paltineanu, fl. 2015
Date Published / Released
2015
Topic / Theme
Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Political and Human Rights, Nationalism and Independence Movements, Suffrage, Equal Rights for Women, Romanians, Industrialization and Western Global Hegemony (1750–1914)
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Međunarodni kongres za žensko biračko pravo
in Žena, Vol. 3, no. 4, January 4, 1913, pp. 240-245 (1913), 6 page(s)
TITLE: International Congress for the Women's Suffrage. DESCRIPTION: This article is an announcement on the seventh congress of the International Woman Suffrage Alliance (IWSA) planned for /held in 1913 in Budapest. See also, Vladislava-Boba Polit, “O feminizmu. VII. međunarodni svetski kongres ženskinja u Bud...
Sample
in Žena, Vol. 3, no. 4, January 4, 1913, pp. 240-245 (1913), 6 page(s)
Description
TITLE: International Congress for the Women's Suffrage. DESCRIPTION: This article is an announcement on the seventh congress of the International Woman Suffrage Alliance (IWSA) planned for /held in 1913 in Budapest. See also, Vladislava-Boba Polit, “O feminizmu. VII. međunarodni svetski kongres ženskinja u Budimpešti [On feminism. The 7th international world’s congress of women in Budapest],” Ženski svet, August 1913. It includes the le...
TITLE: International Congress for the Women's Suffrage. DESCRIPTION: This article is an announcement on the seventh congress of the International Woman Suffrage Alliance (IWSA) planned for /held in 1913 in Budapest. See also, Vladislava-Boba Polit, “O feminizmu. VII. međunarodni svetski kongres ženskinja u Budimpešti [On feminism. The 7th international world’s congress of women in Budapest],” Ženski svet, August 1913. It includes the letter of Rosika Schwimmer to Milica Tomić, inviting the Serbian sisters to join the congress. The announcement was published in Žena (The Woman), a periodical edited by Milica Tomić and published in Novi Sad (Újvidék), the Vojvodina. The Vojvodina belonged to the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia which enjoyed a considerable degree of autonomy within the Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen, or Hungary, in the dual Monarchy (from 1867) of Austria-Hungary. Serbian was one of the dominant languages spoken in the Vojvodina. Milica Tomić is most likely the author of the text. Tomić (1859-1944) was a writer, editor and a public activist for women’s rights born and based in Novi Sad. She published numerous works on the subject of women’s rights, education and emancipation. In 1911, she founded the journal Žena, which she edited until 1921. In 1881, she had been hired to work for the Charitable Cooperative of Serbian Women in Novi Sad (Dobrotvorna zadruga Srpkinja Novosatkinja). See, “Rad dobrotvornih zadruga [The Work of Charitable Cooperatives],” Ženski svet, January 5, 1886. In 1910, she initiated the establishment of the Women’s Reading Room ‘Posestrima’(Ženska čitaonica ‘Posestrima’). See, Milica Tomić, “Ženska čitaonica [Women’s Reading Room],” Žena, 1911. Milica Tomić cooperated with Rosika Schwimmer (1877–1948), a prominent Hungarian feminist, and their correspondence was published in one of the issues of Žena. In the article, the author explains that the international congresses in support of women’s suffrage shows the progress in all countries when it comes to the question of women’s suffrage. The author believes that the planned congress in Budapest will be successful and that it will help “the women’s movement fighting for women’s suffrage.” The author is enthusiastic about the planned congress in Budapest, describing what is planned and who is supposed to come. The author includes a letter which the editor, Milica Tomić, has received from Rosika Schwimmer, who invites “the Serbian sisters” to join the congress. The author evaluates the invitation as very kind and invites Serbian women to attend the congress. KEYWORDS: Seventh Congress of the International Woman Suffrage Alliance IWSA, Budapest, 15-21 June 1913; Women Interacting with Women, Social Movements, and Other Actors Beyond Empire; Women and Nation within Empire; Relations Between Women of Different Nationalities; Women and Nation-Building; Women and Relationship Between Nations in the Empire; Women and Struggle Between Nations in the Empire; Women and National Languages; National Identity; Empire and Feminism; Empire and Internationalism; Social Reform and Political Activism; Multi-Ethnic Participation in Social Movements; Political Parties and Other Male Dominated Organizations; Socialism; Political and Human Rights; Nationality Rights; Suffrage; Equal Rights for Women; Habsburg Empire; Hungary; Vojvodina; Novi Sad; Serbia; Budapest
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Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Periodical article
Date Published / Released
04 January 1913, 1913
Person Discussed
Milica Tomić, fl. 1911, Rosika Schwimmer, 1877-1948
Topic / Theme
Political and Human Rights, Social Reform and Political Activism, Women and Education, Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Suffrage, Equal Rights for Women, Political Parties and Other Male Dominated Organizations, Multi-Ethnic Participation in Social Movements, National Identity, Indigenous Languages, Nationalism and Independence Movements, Socialism, Serbians
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O izbornom pravu ženskinja
in Žena, Vol. 2, no. 6, January 6, 1912, pp. 347-352 (1912), 6 page(s)
TITLE: On the Women's Suffrage. DESCRIPTION: This article is a report on the assembly held in Novi Sad (Újvidék), Vojvodina, in favor of women’s suffrage, with participation of Rosika Schwimmer (1877-1948) from Budapest. The Vojvodina belonged to the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia which enjoyed a considerable deg...
Sample
in Žena, Vol. 2, no. 6, January 6, 1912, pp. 347-352 (1912), 6 page(s)
Description
TITLE: On the Women's Suffrage. DESCRIPTION: This article is a report on the assembly held in Novi Sad (Újvidék), Vojvodina, in favor of women’s suffrage, with participation of Rosika Schwimmer (1877-1948) from Budapest. The Vojvodina belonged to the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia which enjoyed a considerable degree of autonomy within the Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen, or Hungary, in the dual Monarchy (from 1867) of Austria-Hungary. Serbia...
TITLE: On the Women's Suffrage. DESCRIPTION: This article is a report on the assembly held in Novi Sad (Újvidék), Vojvodina, in favor of women’s suffrage, with participation of Rosika Schwimmer (1877-1948) from Budapest. The Vojvodina belonged to the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia which enjoyed a considerable degree of autonomy within the Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen, or Hungary, in the dual Monarchy (from 1867) of Austria-Hungary. Serbian was one of the dominant languages spoken in the Vojvodina. The report is unsigned, but the author is probably Milica Tomić, the editor of the periodical Žena (The Woman) in which this report was published. Milica Tomić (1859-1944) was a writer, editor and a public activist for women’s rights born and based in Novi Sad. She published numerous works on the subject of women’s rights, education and emancipation. In 1911, she founded the journal Žena, which she edited until 1921. In 1881, she had been hired to work for the Charitable Cooperative of Serbian Women in Novi Sad (Dobrotvorna zadruga Srpkinja Novosatkinja). See, “Rad dobrotvornih zadruga [The Work of Charitable Cooperatives],” Ženski svet, January 5, 1886. In 1910, she initiated the establishment of the Women’s Reading Room ‘Posestrima’ (Ženska čitaonica ‘Posestrima’). See, Milica Tomić, “Ženska čitaonica [Women’s Reading Room],” Žena, 1911. Tomić cooperated with Rosika Schwimmer (1877–1948), a prominent Hungarian feminist, and their correspondence was published in one of the issues of Žena. The organizers of the assembly in Novi Sad (Újvidék), Vojvodina, were the Serbian People‘s Radical Party (Srpska Narodna Radikalna Stranka) and other parties. The author mentions that the first two parties reportedly supported women’s suffrage, while the leader of the third, Hungarian party repeatedly declared that “the time has not come yet.” One of the speakers at the assembly was Rosika Schwimmer (1877-1948), a Hungarian feminist and suffrage activist, talking during the assembly as a representative of the Hungarian Feminist Association (Feministák Egyesülete). The author describes how determined Schwimmer was to talk, even though many opposed it. After the speech, some men on the street led the discussion about Schwimmer’s talk; a Hungarian man spoke out against Schwimmer, while a Serbian man was supportive. A socialist speaker from Budapest was speaking against Rosika Schwimmer, saying that she was not welcome on the assemblies of men. Finally, the author reminds the reader of the recent bloody demonstrations in Budapest (probably 23 May 1912, a mass demonstration for universal suffrage in Budapest called afterwards “Bloody Thursday”), where many had been killed and injured, including several Serbian women. KEYWORDS: Women and Institutions of Empire; Women and Nation within Empire; Relations Between Women of Different Nationalities; Women and Nation-Building; Women and Relationship Between Nations in the Empire; Women and Struggle Between Nations in the Empire; Women and National Languages; National Identity; Women Challenging Empire; Empire and Feminism; Social Reform and Political Activism; Multi-Ethnic Participation in Social Movements; Political Parties and Other Male Dominated Organizations; Socialism; Political and Human Rights; Nationality Rights; Suffrage; Equal Rights for Women; Habsburg Empire; Hungary; Vojvodina; Novi Sad; Serbia; Budapest
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Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Periodical article
Date Published / Released
06 January 1912, 1912
Person Discussed
Rosika Schwimmer, 1877-1948, Milica Tomić, fl. 1911
Topic / Theme
Political and Human Rights, Social Reform and Political Activism, Women and Education, Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Suffrage, Political Parties and Other Male Dominated Organizations, Multi-Ethnic Participation in Social Movements, National Identity, Indigenous Languages, Nationalism and Independence Movements, Empire and Feminism, Serbians
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Patriotism, Neocolonialism, Democracy, Social Democracy, and Communism: Political Movements Within the Cuban Woman's Movement
written by Lynn Stoner, fl. 2016 (Alexandria, VA: Alexander Street, 2017), 16 page(s)
This cluster contains documents found mainly in Cuba and thus not available in the United States. It complements other archival resources I have made available elsewhere. From these records are examples of the range of activists’ visions for their country and their places in a modern society. They also speak of...
Sample
written by Lynn Stoner, fl. 2016 (Alexandria, VA: Alexander Street, 2017), 16 page(s)
Description
This cluster contains documents found mainly in Cuba and thus not available in the United States. It complements other archival resources I have made available elsewhere. From these records are examples of the range of activists’ visions for their country and their places in a modern society. They also speak of the competitive attitudes women adopted when they tried to steer a course to empower themselves and women in general. Taken together w...
This cluster contains documents found mainly in Cuba and thus not available in the United States. It complements other archival resources I have made available elsewhere. From these records are examples of the range of activists’ visions for their country and their places in a modern society. They also speak of the competitive attitudes women adopted when they tried to steer a course to empower themselves and women in general. Taken together with all archives on Cuban women, they offer a bas-relief of women addressing women from poses expressing femininity and bold aggression. A study of the Cuban woman’s movement that highlights the nature of relationships among the activists adds to an analysis of inherited gender culture in the former Spanish colony and the difficulty of adapting that culture to standards of modernity.
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Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Essay
Author / Creator
Lynn Stoner, fl. 2016
Date Published / Released
2017
Publisher
Alexander Street
Person Discussed
Ofelia Domínguez Navarro, 1894-1976, Loló de la Torriente, 1907-1985, María Collado, 1885-1965
Topic / Theme
Social Reform and Political Activism, Indigenous Women, Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Political and Human Rights, Socialism, Social and Political Leadership, Nationalism and Independence Movements, Suffrage, Spanish, Cubans, 20th Century in World History (1914--2000), Industrialization and Western Global Hegemony (1750–1914)
Copyright Message
Copyright @ 2017 by Alexander Street
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Subtle Assertions in a Complicated Context: Filipino Women during the American Colonial Period
written by Frances Anthea Redison, Mary Barby Badayos-Jover, Adrianne Francisco and Febe Pamonag, fl. 2007 (Alexandria, VA: Alexander Street, 2016), 42 page(s)
The American colonial period had a profound impact on Filipino women’s activism, achievements, and status. Filipinas found increased educational opportunities, access to previously-closed professions, and a greater presence in the public sphere. However, these so-called opportunities were largely accessible only...
Sample
written by Frances Anthea Redison, Mary Barby Badayos-Jover, Adrianne Francisco and Febe Pamonag, fl. 2007 (Alexandria, VA: Alexander Street, 2016), 42 page(s)
Description
The American colonial period had a profound impact on Filipino women’s activism, achievements, and status. Filipinas found increased educational opportunities, access to previously-closed professions, and a greater presence in the public sphere. However, these so-called opportunities were largely accessible only to those belonging to the elite class. Women during the decades of American rule were also caught between the conflicting aims of the...
The American colonial period had a profound impact on Filipino women’s activism, achievements, and status. Filipinas found increased educational opportunities, access to previously-closed professions, and a greater presence in the public sphere. However, these so-called opportunities were largely accessible only to those belonging to the elite class. Women during the decades of American rule were also caught between the conflicting aims of the American colonial state and the Filipino nationalist movements, which were male-dominated. Filipino women thus had to carefully navigate the socio-political context in order to define and eventually achieve what they were aiming for.
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Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Essay
Author / Creator
Frances Anthea Redison, Mary Barby Badayos-Jover, Adrianne Francisco, Febe Pamonag, fl. 2007
Date Published / Released
2016-12, 2016
Publisher
Alexander Street
Person Discussed
Maria Paz Mendoza-Guazon, 1884-, Encarnacion A. Alzona, 1895-2001, Paz Márquez-Benitez, 1894-1983
Topic / Theme
Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Political and Human Rights, Work and Class Identity, Women and Education, Nationalism and Independence Movements, Suffrage, Women as “Bourgeoisie”, Access to Higher Education, Education as a Source of Women’s Emancipation, Filipinos, 20th Century in World History (1914--2000), Industrialization and Western Global Hegemony (1750–1914)
Copyright Message
Copyright @ 2016 by Alexander Street
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We Two Together
written by James Henry Cousins, 1873-1956 and Margaret E. Cousins, 1878-1954 (Chennai, Tamil Nadu: Ganesh & Co., 1950, originally published 1950), 810 page(s)
This is a unique dual autobiography of the reformers Margaret and James Cousins. It is a rich source for Irish, Indian, gender, and global history. The Cousinses created and maintained a companionate marriage over a lifetime, and worked as activists for women’s suffrage, Indian nationalism, educational reform, a...
Sample
written by James Henry Cousins, 1873-1956 and Margaret E. Cousins, 1878-1954 (Chennai, Tamil Nadu: Ganesh & Co., 1950, originally published 1950), 810 page(s)
Description
This is a unique dual autobiography of the reformers Margaret and James Cousins. It is a rich source for Irish, Indian, gender, and global history. The Cousinses created and maintained a companionate marriage over a lifetime, and worked as activists for women’s suffrage, Indian nationalism, educational reform, and other causes. We Two Together provides insight into the lives of two extraordinary individuals as they witnessed and participated in...
This is a unique dual autobiography of the reformers Margaret and James Cousins. It is a rich source for Irish, Indian, gender, and global history. The Cousinses created and maintained a companionate marriage over a lifetime, and worked as activists for women’s suffrage, Indian nationalism, educational reform, and other causes. We Two Together provides insight into the lives of two extraordinary individuals as they witnessed and participated in several key social and political movements in Ireland and India.
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Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Diary/Memoir/Autobiography
Author / Creator
James Henry Cousins, 1873-1956, Margaret E. Cousins, 1878-1954
Date Published / Released
1950
Publisher
Ganesh & Co.
Topic / Theme
Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Political and Human Rights, Empire and Family Life, Nationalism and Independence Movements, Suffrage, Irish, Indians (Asian), 20th Century in World History (1914--2000)
Copyright Message
Copyright @ 1950 by Ganesh & Co. Ltd.
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Žensko pitanje
written by Marija Kumičić, 1863-1945 (Zagreb, Grad Zagreb: Hrvatska čitaonica u Zagrebu, 1906), 16 page(s)
TITLE: The Woman Question. DESCRIPTION: Marija Kumičić (1863-1945) was a Croatian writer and member of numerous patriotic and women’s associations. The booklet is entirely devoted to the woman question, and it is published in 1906 by Hrvatska Čitaonica (the Croatian Reading Room) in Zagreb. It presents a cons...
Sample
written by Marija Kumičić, 1863-1945 (Zagreb, Grad Zagreb: Hrvatska čitaonica u Zagrebu, 1906), 16 page(s)
Description
TITLE: The Woman Question. DESCRIPTION: Marija Kumičić (1863-1945) was a Croatian writer and member of numerous patriotic and women’s associations. The booklet is entirely devoted to the woman question, and it is published in 1906 by Hrvatska Čitaonica (the Croatian Reading Room) in Zagreb. It presents a conservative view on women’s position in society, explicitly posited against the "modern current" that opened up the woman question as th...
TITLE: The Woman Question. DESCRIPTION: Marija Kumičić (1863-1945) was a Croatian writer and member of numerous patriotic and women’s associations. The booklet is entirely devoted to the woman question, and it is published in 1906 by Hrvatska Čitaonica (the Croatian Reading Room) in Zagreb. It presents a conservative view on women’s position in society, explicitly posited against the "modern current" that opened up the woman question as the issue of equality. The author refers to the divine law that gave women their primary role of being mothersand educating children’s minds and hearts. She laments the loss of traditional values and ideals and is against the modern view that promotes equality between men and women in all areas. For Kumičić, women who entered professions are not free, since in the contemporary world everyone is slave to duty, while the “modern freedom” often work against morality and required modesty. The most important question in society is the national one. Even without the voting rights, women often vote through their husbands, Kumičić finds, even blaming women for votes against national interests. They are often motivated by vanity and influenced by the world of foreign fashion, promoted by the popular press from Berlin, Vienna and Paris. The text finishes by evoking Jelena Šubić, mother of the national hero Nikola Šubić-Zrinjski, as an ideal woman active in the struggle for national independence, but also a foreign woman, Croatian queen Jelena (Helena, Ilona), sister of Hungarian King Ladislaus I. who abolished Croatia’s sovereignty. Marija Kumičić (née Maršić) was the wife of Eugen Kumičić (1850-1904), an influential Croatian writer and politician. She wrote political and social articles, poems, novels and short stories, translated novels and worked as the editor of literary supplement to the fashion magazine Modnisvijet. Through her husband, Marija Kumičić was in close relations with the Croatian politician Ante Starčević, the founder of the modern Croatian nationalism, influenced by political liberalism. Socially, however, she espoused conservatism and blamed the importing of the woman question to the "modern stream", foreign to Croatian nation. Characteristically for her conservative views, the author remained silent about women from other parts of the Empire and Europe, preferring the simple narrative of the struggle for Croatian national independence, narrowly focused on national history and its plight. Later, in the kingdom of Yugoslavia, Kumičić will act as the president of Hrvatskažena (Croatian woman, 1921-1943), the main nationalist women’s organization opposed to the common Yugoslav state and standing outside of Yugoslav umbrella women’s organizations. She remained active in the fascist, puppet “Independent state of Croatia” during the Second World War. Keywords: Women and Nation within Empire; National Identity; Empire Silenced; Political and Human Rights; Nationality Rights; Suffrage; Women and Religion
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Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Pamphlet
Author / Creator
Marija Kumičić, 1863-1945
Date Published / Released
1906
Publisher
Hrvatska čitaonica u Zagrebu
Person Discussed
Ante Starčević, 1823-1896, Eugen Kumičić, 1850-1904, Marija Kumičić, 1863-1945, Ladislaus I, King of Hungary, 1046-1095, Helena of Hungary, Queen of Croatia, 1050-1091, Nikola Šubić Zrinski, 1508-1566, Jelena Karlović, fl. 1500
Topic / Theme
World War II, 1939-1945, Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Social Reform and Political Activism, Political and Human Rights, Women and Immigration, Nationalism and Independence Movements, Empire and Family Life, National Identity, Suffrage, Equal Rights for Women, Citizenship Rights, Croatians, Yugoslavs
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