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Jeanne del Homme to Emilia Dr. Rațiu, London, 1894 (3)
written by Jeanne del Homme, fl. 1894 (Romania. Arhivele Nationale. Arhivele Nationale Istorice Centrale Bucharest, 830/1894, ff. 1-4) (1894) , 8 page(s)
TITLE: Jeanne del Homme to Emilia Dr. Rațiu, London, 1894 (3). DESCRIPTION: This letter is one of three written by Jeanne del Homme, in French, to Emilia Rațiu in 1894. The year has been determined based on content. Jeanne del Homme was a French teacher, based in Oxford and then in Le Mans. She was instrumental...
Sample
written by Jeanne del Homme, fl. 1894 (Romania. Arhivele Nationale. Arhivele Nationale Istorice Centrale Bucharest, 830/1894, ff. 1-4) (1894) , 8 page(s)
Description
TITLE: Jeanne del Homme to Emilia Dr. Rațiu, London, 1894 (3). DESCRIPTION: This letter is one of three written by Jeanne del Homme, in French, to Emilia Rațiu in 1894. The year has been determined based on content. Jeanne del Homme was a French teacher, based in Oxford and then in Le Mans. She was instrumental in publicizing the “Memorandum trial” occurring in Transylvania in 1894 among English progressive liberals. Emilia Rațiu (1846-192...
TITLE: Jeanne del Homme to Emilia Dr. Rațiu, London, 1894 (3). DESCRIPTION: This letter is one of three written by Jeanne del Homme, in French, to Emilia Rațiu in 1894. The year has been determined based on content. Jeanne del Homme was a French teacher, based in Oxford and then in Le Mans. She was instrumental in publicizing the “Memorandum trial” occurring in Transylvania in 1894 among English progressive liberals. Emilia Rațiu (1846-1929) was a Transylvanian Romanian nationalist activist and a frequent contributor to Familia magazine. She was married to Romanian National Party leader Ioan Rațiu. She was president of the Reunion of Romanian Women in the town of Turda/Torda/Thorenburg, founder of the Women’s Reading Society in the same town in 1873, and an initiator of several other social reform and welfare activities. She led international mobilization efforts in favor of the claims of Transylvanian Romanians within Austria-Hungary, especially following the arrest of Ioan Rațiu in 1894. Ioan Rațiu was arrested following his condemnation for anti-state activity through the distribution of a manifesto on Transylvanian autonomy and linguistic rights in the “Memorandum trial” mentioned in the letter. ¶ This letter thanks Emilia Rațiu for the beautifully-embroidered chemisette and bolero she had sent, mentions friends’ admiration for the clothes’ graceful shapes and harmonious colors, and asks Rațiu to thank everyone who worked on the clothing. Del Homme informs Rațiu that she spoke at length to three Members of Parliament on the “Romanian Question”, trying to persuade them that “a word said in Parliament” would greatly help Rațiu’s work. Del Homme reports that MPs were sympathetic and requested further documents on the issue. Del Homme writes that she sent several reports on the Memorandum trial happening in Cluj/Kolosvàr/Klausenburg to English newspapers but that the press there was “hesitant” to publish an account, for “fear of inciting polemics.” ¶ This letter is one among several exchanged in 1894 by Emilia Rațiu and progressive Englishwomen. It sheds light on the merging of transnational cultural interaction (i.e., sending parts of a folk costume as a gift) with transnational political activism and lobbying. Among others, this mix was made possible by the incorporation into nationalists’ self-definition of a particularly Austro-Hungarian ethnographic gaze, which emphasized both ethnic diversity and difference. The document also underscores women’s involvement in England in lobbying Parliament on behalf of the rights of dominated nations or nationalities. It points to the cautious attitude of English MPs as well as the English press towards what was being presented as the “Romanian Question.” KEYWORDS: Women and Practices/ Cultures of Empire; Imperial Identity; Women Interacting with Women, Social Movements, and Other Actors Beyond Empire; Peace and War, International Governance, and International Law; Women and International Relations; Empire and Internationalism; Social Reform and Political Activism; Political Parties and Other Male Dominated Organizations; Political and Human Rights; Nationality Rights; Habsburg Empire; Kingdom of Hungary; Transylvania; Networks; Mobilization; Lobbying; Cultural Diplomacy; Press.
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Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Date Written / Recorded
1894
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Letter
Author / Creator
Jeanne del Homme, fl. 1894
Topic / Theme
Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Political and Human Rights, Women of Color, Social Reform and Political Activism, Women and Immigration, Peace, International Governance, and International Law, Empire and Internationalism, Empire and Feminism, Equal Rights for Women, Racial and Ethnic Differences Among Women, Multi-Ethnic Participation in Social Movements, Nationality Rights, Pol...
Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Political and Human Rights, Women of Color, Social Reform and Political Activism, Women and Immigration, Peace, International Governance, and International Law, Empire and Internationalism, Empire and Feminism, Equal Rights for Women, Racial and Ethnic Differences Among Women, Multi-Ethnic Participation in Social Movements, Nationality Rights, Political Parties and Other Male Dominated Organizations, International Peace, Social and Cultural Rights, Austrians, Hungarians, English, Romanians
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Jugendfürsorg, ca. 1916
written by Helene Schiel, fl. 1916 (Bibliothek, Siebenbürgen-Institut, Universität Heidelberg) (Brașov, Brașov County: Freien Frauenvereinigung für soziale Bildung in Kronstadt, 1916), 38 page(s)
TITLE: Youth Care, ca. 1916. DESCRIPTION: Originally a conference lecture from 1916. Offprint from the Kronstädter Zeitung, re-published by the Free Women’s Association for Social Education (Freie Frauenvereinigung für soziale Bildung) in Kronstadt/Brașov/Brassó. In her lecture, Helene Schiel illustrates the...
Sample
written by Helene Schiel, fl. 1916 (Bibliothek, Siebenbürgen-Institut, Universität Heidelberg) (Brașov, Brașov County: Freien Frauenvereinigung für soziale Bildung in Kronstadt, 1916), 38 page(s)
Description
TITLE: Youth Care, ca. 1916. DESCRIPTION: Originally a conference lecture from 1916. Offprint from the Kronstädter Zeitung, re-published by the Free Women’s Association for Social Education (Freie Frauenvereinigung für soziale Bildung) in Kronstadt/Brașov/Brassó. In her lecture, Helene Schiel illustrates the concept in the title (Jugendfürsorge) by describing the various forms of social work and the network of institutions that it comprise...
TITLE: Youth Care, ca. 1916. DESCRIPTION: Originally a conference lecture from 1916. Offprint from the Kronstädter Zeitung, re-published by the Free Women’s Association for Social Education (Freie Frauenvereinigung für soziale Bildung) in Kronstadt/Brașov/Brassó. In her lecture, Helene Schiel illustrates the concept in the title (Jugendfürsorge) by describing the various forms of social work and the network of institutions that it comprises in Germany: infant protection, juvenile courts, and career guidance. Turning her attention to Transylvania and to Kronstadt in particular, she sets out to investigate the local foundations on which similar welfare services can be built. Such activities, in a less developed form, are sometimes called “Saxon ethnic work” (sächsische Volksarbeit) in Transylvania, signaling their interconnection with nationalist goals. Moreover, the division of social work must follow the opposite of the guiding principle valid in Germany. While the civil society should only be enlisted there for tasks that the state is unable to carry out, Transylvanian Saxons must not let the Hungarian state interfere with affairs that they can manage on their own. And since the Hungarian minister of the interior can disband civil associations at his whim, the Transylvanian Evangelical Church (Augustan Confession) (Evangelische Landeskirche A.B. in Siebenbürgen) represents the bastion of Saxon autonomy and thus the obvious framework for social work. Indeed, the Saxon Church enjoys such freedom from state interference that the Lutheran Church of Germany does not. And while various church agencies in Kronstadt are already engaged in activities that fall under the category of youth care, there is a need to integrate them and to coordinate their work. KEYWORDS: Women Challenging Empire; Women and Nation within Empire; Women and Nation-Building; Social Reform and Political Activism; Welfare Movements; Political Parties and Other Male Dominated Organizations; Multi-ethnic Participation in Social Work; Child Protection; Habsburg Empire; Hungary.
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Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Lecture/presentation
Author / Creator
Helene Schiel, fl. 1916
Date Published / Released
1916
Publisher
Freien Frauenvereinigung für soziale Bildung in Kronstadt
Topic / Theme
Social Reform and Political Activism, Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Political and Human Rights, Multi-Ethnic Participation in Social Movements, Empire and Family Life, Political Parties and Other Male Dominated Organizations, Empire and Feminism, Social and Cultural Rights, Hungarians, 20th Century in World History (1914--2000)
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'Making the World a Better Place': Welfare and Politics, Welfare as Politics? Activities of Jewish Women in Vienna before 1938
written by Elisabeth Malleier, 1961-, in Aschkenas. Zeitschrift für Geschichte und Kultur der Juden, Vol. 16, 2006, pp. 261-268 (2006), 8 page(s)
Sample
written by Elisabeth Malleier, 1961-, in Aschkenas. Zeitschrift für Geschichte und Kultur der Juden, Vol. 16, 2006, pp. 261-268 (2006), 8 page(s)
Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Periodical article
Author / Creator
Elisabeth Malleier, 1961-
Date Published / Released
2006
Topic / Theme
Social Reform and Political Activism, Political and Human Rights, Women and Religion, Multi-Ethnic Participation in Social Movements, Social and Cultural Rights, Religious Leadership and Religious Activism, Jews, 20th Century in World History (1914--2000)
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Marin Demetrescu to Emilia Dr. Rațiu, Paris, 19 April 1894
written by Marin Demetrescu, fl. 1894 (Romania. Arhivele Nationale. Arhivele Nationale Istorice Centrale Bucharest, 841/1894, Fond 1246 Personal Fond Dr. Ioan Ratiu, ff. 1,2,5) (19 April 1894) , 3 page(s)
TITLE: Marin Demetrescu to Emilia Dr. Rațiu, Paris, 19 April 1894. DESCRIPTION: Romanian-language letter from Marin Demetrescu to Emilia Rațiu. In 1894, Marin Demetrescu studied natural sciences in Paris. A natural sciences teacher later, he published physiology and botany textbooks, and books popularizing Darwi...
Sample
written by Marin Demetrescu, fl. 1894 (Romania. Arhivele Nationale. Arhivele Nationale Istorice Centrale Bucharest, 841/1894, Fond 1246 Personal Fond Dr. Ioan Ratiu, ff. 1,2,5) (19 April 1894) , 3 page(s)
Description
TITLE: Marin Demetrescu to Emilia Dr. Rațiu, Paris, 19 April 1894. DESCRIPTION: Romanian-language letter from Marin Demetrescu to Emilia Rațiu. In 1894, Marin Demetrescu studied natural sciences in Paris. A natural sciences teacher later, he published physiology and botany textbooks, and books popularizing Darwin, Pasteur and dinosaurs. He served as the director of the Museum of Oltenia between 1923 and 1939. Emilia Rațiu (1846-1929) was a Tra...
TITLE: Marin Demetrescu to Emilia Dr. Rațiu, Paris, 19 April 1894. DESCRIPTION: Romanian-language letter from Marin Demetrescu to Emilia Rațiu. In 1894, Marin Demetrescu studied natural sciences in Paris. A natural sciences teacher later, he published physiology and botany textbooks, and books popularizing Darwin, Pasteur and dinosaurs. He served as the director of the Museum of Oltenia between 1923 and 1939. Emilia Rațiu (1846-1929) was a Transylvanian Romanian nationalist activist, frequent contributor to Familia magazine. She was married to Romanian National Party leader Ioan Rațiu. She was president of the Reunion of Romanian Women in the town of Turda/Torda/Thorenburg, founder of the Women’s Reading Society in the same town in 1873, initiator of several other social reform and welfare activities. She led international mobilization efforts in favor of the claims of Transylvanian Romanians within Austria-Hungary, especially following the arrest of Ioan Rațiu in 1894. Ioan Rațiu was arrested following his condemnation for anti-state activity through the distribution of a manifesto on Transylvanian autonomy and linguistic rights in the “Memorandum trial.” ¶ Demetrescu asks Rațiu to send any photographs of folk costumes she has, as “we are trying to prepare public opinion” in France. He mentions that he has received the measurements for folk costumes from Ms. Del Homme and Mrs. Byles, and he attached his own photograph as a sign of admiration for her work and the clipping of a short newspaper article. The attachments are not included here. See also, Sarah Byles, “Sarah Anne Byles to Emilia Dr. Rațiu, London, 1894 August 2” (Letter, London, August 2, 1894), 1032/1894, Fond 1246 Personal Fond Dr. Ioan Rațiu, ff. 1-2, Romania. Arhivele Nationale. Arhivele Nationale Istorice Centrale Bucharest; and Jeanne del Homme, “Jeanne del Homme to Emilia Dr. Rațiu, London, 1894(3)” (Letter, London, 1894), 830/1894, ff. 1-4, Romania. Arhivele Nationale. Arhivele Nationale Istorice Centrale Bucharest. ¶ The document shows how folk costumes and photographs were used in a highly strategic manner in order to draw the attention the “public opinion,” an imagined community in the making. The document also illuminates the contribution of students and academics residing abroad in garnering support for the accused in the Memorandum trial. The letter also points out how transnational women’s networks can be more accurately described as “women-dominated networks,” since men were intermediaries and interlocutors as well. KEYWORDS: Women Interacting with Women, Social Movements, and Other Actors Beyond Empire; Women and Nation within Empire; Women and Nation-Building; National Identity; Empire and Internationalism; Social Reform and Political Activism; Habsburg Empire; Transylvania; Memorandum; Photography; Folk Costumes; Mobilization; Public Opinion; Networks.
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Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Date Written / Recorded
19 April 1894, 1894
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Letter
Author / Creator
Marin Demetrescu, fl. 1894
Topic / Theme
Political and Human Rights, Indigenous Women, Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Social Reform and Political Activism, Social and Cultural Rights, Social and Political Leadership, Empire and Internationalism, National Identity, Multi-Ethnic Participation in Social Movements, Romanians
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O kobiecie zydowskiej
written by Female Zionists (L’vivs’ka natsional’na naukova biblioteka Ukrainy imeni Vasylia Stefanyka (Stefanyk National Science Library, L’viv)), in Przyszłość [Future], Vol. 8, no. 7, pp. 50-52 (1898), 3 page(s)
TITLE: About Jewish Woman. DESCRIPTION: The article reviews the brochure “An die jüdischen Frauen. EinAppell zur Umkehr” [To the Jewish Women. An Appeal to Revers] by Rosa Pomeranz (RóżaPomeranc-Melcer/Melzerowa) (1873-1934)]. The brochure was published in 1898. Pomeranz, an author and politician, was the l...
Sample
written by Female Zionists (L’vivs’ka natsional’na naukova biblioteka Ukrainy imeni Vasylia Stefanyka (Stefanyk National Science Library, L’viv)), in Przyszłość [Future], Vol. 8, no. 7, pp. 50-52 (1898), 3 page(s)
Description
TITLE: About Jewish Woman. DESCRIPTION: The article reviews the brochure “An die jüdischen Frauen. EinAppell zur Umkehr” [To the Jewish Women. An Appeal to Revers] by Rosa Pomeranz (RóżaPomeranc-Melcer/Melzerowa) (1873-1934)]. The brochure was published in 1898. Pomeranz, an author and politician, was the leading woman in the Zionist movement in Galicia and one of the first female delegates at the Zionist Congress in Basel. The female revi...
TITLE: About Jewish Woman. DESCRIPTION: The article reviews the brochure “An die jüdischen Frauen. EinAppell zur Umkehr” [To the Jewish Women. An Appeal to Revers] by Rosa Pomeranz (RóżaPomeranc-Melcer/Melzerowa) (1873-1934)]. The brochure was published in 1898. Pomeranz, an author and politician, was the leading woman in the Zionist movement in Galicia and one of the first female delegates at the Zionist Congress in Basel. The female reviewer is unknown, she signed just with Syonistka (female Zionist). The review threw light on a dispute between these two Zionist women how to gain women for the Zionist movement. The reviewer on the whole praised the appeal. She agrees with Pomeranz’s conviction that Zionism was the only solution to retain Jewishness; paying attention to Jewish history, literature and language a way to true Jewishness which was found in biblical times. The article summarizes: Pomeranz pointed out that only through reflections on old times a modern Jewish nation could come into being, and depicted different groups of Jewish women and their distrust, ignorance or indifference towards Zionism and/or Jewishness. Nevertheless, Syonistka criticizes that Pomeranzwas not attentive enough to the needs of Jewish women, especially to their attraction to modern ideas like feminism or socialism. From her point of view the brochure is missing both a program and goals for Zionist women. Studying Jewish history, literature and language was not enough. On the contrary, strengthening only these aspects would explain the stagnation of female Zionist circles. The article calls for more offers of interesting activities for Jewish women to win them for Zionism. KEYWORDS: Women and Nation within Empire; Empire silenced; Social Reform and Political Activism; Women and Education; Women and Religion; Habsburg Empire; Galicia; Jewish Diaspora
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Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Periodical article
Author / Creator
Female Zionists
Date Published / Released
1898
Person Discussed
Rosa Pomeranz, 1873-1934
Topic / Theme
Social Reform and Political Activism, Political and Human Rights, Women and Religion, Women and Education, Multi-Ethnic Participation in Social Movements, Social and Cultural Rights, Religious Leadership and Religious Activism, Empire and Education, Jews
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Okólnik XVI
written by Anioła Krzyżanowska, fl. 1915 and Wanda Bilewska, fl. 1915 (Archiwum Biblioteki Jagiellońskiej, Fragment archiwum NZ LK NKN, 8836/IV: k 43) (18 November 1915) , 1 page(s)
TITLE: Circular XVI (Cracow, November 18th, 1915). DESCRIPTION: The archive of Jagiellonian Library in Cracow contains unpublished material of Zofia Daszyńska-Golińska (1866-1934) which she collected due to her task to represent the Polish women’s organization “Liga Kobiet (Women’s League)” at the intern...
Sample
written by Anioła Krzyżanowska, fl. 1915 and Wanda Bilewska, fl. 1915 (Archiwum Biblioteki Jagiellońskiej, Fragment archiwum NZ LK NKN, 8836/IV: k 43) (18 November 1915) , 1 page(s)
Description
TITLE: Circular XVI (Cracow, November 18th, 1915). DESCRIPTION: The archive of Jagiellonian Library in Cracow contains unpublished material of Zofia Daszyńska-Golińska (1866-1934) which she collected due to her task to represent the Polish women’s organization “Liga Kobiet (Women’s League)” at the international Women’s Peace Congress in The Hague in 1915. Daszyńska-Golińska was a socialist and feminist politician and a national econ...
TITLE: Circular XVI (Cracow, November 18th, 1915). DESCRIPTION: The archive of Jagiellonian Library in Cracow contains unpublished material of Zofia Daszyńska-Golińska (1866-1934) which she collected due to her task to represent the Polish women’s organization “Liga Kobiet (Women’s League)” at the international Women’s Peace Congress in The Hague in 1915. Daszyńska-Golińska was a socialist and feminist politician and a national economist (Nationalökonomin). She gained her PhD at the University of Zurich (Universität Zürich) in 1891 and taught at Berlin University (Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, today Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin). She stood up for women’s right to vote and for the independence of Poland. She also was arepresentative of the eugenic movement in Poland especially between the wars. The “International Congress of Women, The Hague, 1915” called together representatives of women’s organizations from all over the world to prevent war in future. It established the “International Committee of Women for Permanent Peace,” since 1919 “Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom.” The “Liga Kobiet (Women’s League)” joined together active Polish women to mobilize them for the “Polish question.” The collection consists of 48 pp. of different handwritten papers and typescripts in German and Polish from Daszyńska-Goliǹska: records from meetings and policy papers about the positions of Polish women’s politics concerning independence, peace and the role of women during war times. In addition, there are some English, Polish and German announcements and protocols concerning the Congress and the Committee. They are not written by Daszyńska-Golińska. The ‘Okólnik XVI (Kraków, w dnia 18 listopada 1915) [Circular XVI (Cracow, November 18th, 1915]’ signed by Anioła Krzyżanowska, secretaire, and Wanda Bileska for the chairwomen of the Women’s League announced a collection for legionaries. KEYWORDS: Women and Practices/Cultures of Empire; Women Interacting with Women, Social Movements, and Other Actors Beyond Empire; Women and Nation within Empire; Women Challenging Empire; Peace and War; Social Reform and Political Activism; Political and Human Rights; Habsburg Empire; Poland; Cracow
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Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Date Written / Recorded
18 November 1915, 1915
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Letter
Author / Creator
Anioła Krzyżanowska, fl. 1915, Wanda Bilewska, fl. 1915
Topic / Theme
Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Social Reform and Political Activism, Political and Human Rights, Nationalism and Independence Movements, National Identity, Multi-Ethnic Participation in Social Movements, Social and Cultural Rights, Polish, 20th Century in World History (1914--2000)
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Paní Božena Viková-Kunětická
in Živena, Vol. 4 no. 10, 1912, pp. 351-352 (1912), 2 page(s)
TITLE: Ms. Božena Viková-Kunětická. DESCRIPTION: The women’s journal, Živena, founded in 1910, was connected to the Slovak women’s association Živena and edited by its chairwoman Elena Maróthy-Šoltésová (1855-1939), Slovak writer, editor and publicist and a leading figure of Slovak women’s activism...
Sample
in Živena, Vol. 4 no. 10, 1912, pp. 351-352 (1912), 2 page(s)
Description
TITLE: Ms. Božena Viková-Kunětická. DESCRIPTION: The women’s journal, Živena, founded in 1910, was connected to the Slovak women’s association Živena and edited by its chairwoman Elena Maróthy-Šoltésová (1855-1939), Slovak writer, editor and publicist and a leading figure of Slovak women’s activism. She is also most likely the author of the text. The text deals with the election of the Czech speaking writer Božena Viková Kuněti...
TITLE: Ms. Božena Viková-Kunětická. DESCRIPTION: The women’s journal, Živena, founded in 1910, was connected to the Slovak women’s association Živena and edited by its chairwoman Elena Maróthy-Šoltésová (1855-1939), Slovak writer, editor and publicist and a leading figure of Slovak women’s activism. She is also most likely the author of the text. The text deals with the election of the Czech speaking writer Božena Viková Kunětická (1862-1934) to the Bohemian Provincial (crown land) Diet in 1912. Božena Viková-Kunětická was the first woman elected to the (regional) parliament in the Habsburg Monarchy. In 1913 she refused to attend the seventh congress of the International Woman Suffrage Alliance (IWSA) in Budapest after she hadn’t been allowed to give her speech in Czech or Slovak language – which were not the official languages of the Congress – and after her proposition to include the protest against the situation of the Slovak nation in Hungary into the official program of the congress hadn’t been taken into account by the organizers. The author writes about the event from the perspective of Slovak nationalism. She points out that the election of the woman to the diet was such a surprising event that it even surpassed the “old German-Slavic resentment.” She states that Viková-Kunětická was warmly welcomed by the German speaking women at the women's election congress in Munich, Germany on September 23, 1912 and her speech was appreciated there. The author of the article appreciates that Viková-Kunětická condemned the suppression of the Slavs in Austria-Hungary and in particular showed sympathy with the Slovaks in her speech at the congress in Munich. She also appreciates Kunětická’s attitude towards the IWSA congress in Budapest. According to the author Czech women can be satisfied with their representative to the Bohemian diet. She expresses the gratitude for her interest in Slovak women. See also, “Náš mladý král’ovský pár [Our Young Royal Couple],” Živena 7, no. 12 (December 1916): 236–237 (2pp.). Cooperation between Slovak and Czech (Bohemian and Moravian) women, and the topos of Slovak-Czech brotherhood and sisterhood transcended the separation of these nationalities speaking Slavic languages within the Habsburg Monarchy. The Czech lands belonged to Austria (Cisleithania) while the Slovakian lands belonged to Hungary. Austria and Hungary formed the two constitutive parts of the Habsburg Monarchy, each of which was in charge of its own domestic politics, including suffrage. KEYWORDS: Women Interacting with Women, Social Movements, and Other Actors Beyond Empire; Women and Nation within Empire; Relations Between Women of Different Nationalities; Women and Relationship Between Nations in the Empire; Women and National Languages; National Identity; Empire and Feminism; Empire and Internationalism; Political and Human Rights; Nationality Rights; Suffrage; Habsburg Empire; Cisleithania; Hungary; Slovakia
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Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Periodical article
Date Published / Released
1912
Person Discussed
Božena Viková-Kunětická, 1862-1934
Topic / Theme
Political and Human Rights, Social Reform and Political Activism, Women and Education, Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Suffrage, Social and Cultural Rights, National Identity, Indigenous Languages, Empire and Feminism, Multi-Ethnic Participation in Social Movements, Hungarians, Czechs, Slovak
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Proslov; Hrvatskim gospodjam!
written by Marija Fabković, 1833-1915, in Žena u družtvenosti ljudskoj, osobito u Inglezkoj i u Americi [Woman in humane society, particularly in England and in America], Ženska biblioteka, Karel Jonaš. (Zagreb: Knjižara Lav. Hartmána, 1872). pp. III-VIII and 6-11 (1872), 13 page(s)
TITLE: Prologue; To Croatian Ladies! DESCRIPTION: Marija Fabković (née Frechova, 1833-1915) was Croatian pedagogue of Czech origin, the first qualified female teacher of physical education working in Croatia. The document contains two parts, the foreword and the afterword, titled “To Croatian Ladies!” to the...
Sample
written by Marija Fabković, 1833-1915, in Žena u družtvenosti ljudskoj, osobito u Inglezkoj i u Americi [Woman in humane society, particularly in England and in America], Ženska biblioteka, Karel Jonaš. (Zagreb: Knjižara Lav. Hartmána, 1872). pp. III-VIII and 6-11 (1872), 13 page(s)
Description
TITLE: Prologue; To Croatian Ladies! DESCRIPTION: Marija Fabković (née Frechova, 1833-1915) was Croatian pedagogue of Czech origin, the first qualified female teacher of physical education working in Croatia. The document contains two parts, the foreword and the afterword, titled “To Croatian Ladies!” to the book by Czech-American journalist Karel Jonaš (Charles Jonas) “Žena u družtvenostiljudskoj, osobito u Inglezkoji u Americi” (Th...
TITLE: Prologue; To Croatian Ladies! DESCRIPTION: Marija Fabković (née Frechova, 1833-1915) was Croatian pedagogue of Czech origin, the first qualified female teacher of physical education working in Croatia. The document contains two parts, the foreword and the afterword, titled “To Croatian Ladies!” to the book by Czech-American journalist Karel Jonaš (Charles Jonas) “Žena u družtvenostiljudskoj, osobito u Inglezkoji u Americi” (The woman in human society, especially in England and in America). This was the first, and the only book that Fabković published in her series Ženskabiblioteka (Women’s Library) in 1872. In the foreword, the author deplores the advanced Germanization she encountered in the city of Zagreb, especially among women. Fabković hoped that the newly founded book series will incite the interest among Croatian women, bringing them popular works in various fields of knowledge translated to Croatian language. In the afterword, Fabković refers to the activities and experiences of the women’s associations from Prague, tackling the issues of education, nationality, class and suffrage. She appeals to the Zagreb city administration to provide free space for the school for girls that would educate them in national spirit. The text also contains the full program of trade and craft courses for girls, established in the city of Prague by the Czech Women’s Manufacturing Society, presided by Karolina Světlá and Sofia Podlipska, with whom Fabković corresponded. Fabković ends her text by expressing her hope that Croatian ladies would not lag behind their “co-sisters” from the Czech lands. Marija Fabković sought to transplant the practices and the experiences of contemporary Czech women’s associations to Croatia. However, the series Woman’s Library did not continue beyond the first volume, since it failed to attract enough subscribers. Until the end of the Habsburg Empire, the successes of the Czech women’s movement, often reported in women’s magazines, remained the primary source of inspiration for women activists and writers from the South Slavic lands. Keywords: Women and Nation within Empire; Relations between Women of Different Nationalities; Women and Practices/Cultures of Empire; Women Interacting with Women, Social Movements, and Other Actors Beyond Empire; Women and Education; Education as a Source of Women’s Emancipation; Access to Primary Education/Literacy; Political and Human Rights; Suffrage; Habsburg Empire
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Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Section
Author / Creator
Marija Fabković, 1833-1915
Date Published / Released
1872
Person Discussed
Sofia Podlipská, 1833-1897, Karolina Světlá, 1830-1899
Topic / Theme
Political and Human Rights, Women and Education, Social Reform and Political Activism, Women and Development, Social and Cultural Rights, Suffrage, Access to Primary Education/Literacy, Education as a Source of Women’s Emancipation, National Identity, Indigenous Languages, Household Crafts, Human Rights, Empire and Education, Multi-Ethnic Participation in Social Movements, Croatians, Slavs, Czec...
Political and Human Rights, Women and Education, Social Reform and Political Activism, Women and Development, Social and Cultural Rights, Suffrage, Access to Primary Education/Literacy, Education as a Source of Women’s Emancipation, National Identity, Indigenous Languages, Household Crafts, Human Rights, Empire and Education, Multi-Ethnic Participation in Social Movements, Croatians, Slavs, Czechs, Germans
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Príhlas k ct. obecenstvu slovenskému
written by Anna Mudroňová, 1864-1954, Ambro Pietor, 1843-1906 and Anna Pivková, 1835-1921, in Živena. Národní almanach [Živena: National Almanac]. (Turč. Sv. Martin, Slovakia: Knihtlačiarsky-účastinárský spolok, 1872), pp. 226-232 (1872), 7 page(s)
TITLE: “Statement to the Revered Slovak Audience” in Živena: National Almanac. DESCRIPTION: The text is a declaration of the leaders of Živena to a Slovak audience, published in 1872. Živena was the first women’s association of Slovak women (women identifying themselves with the Slovak nation), founded in...
Sample
written by Anna Mudroňová, 1864-1954, Ambro Pietor, 1843-1906 and Anna Pivková, 1835-1921, in Živena. Národní almanach [Živena: National Almanac]. (Turč. Sv. Martin, Slovakia: Knihtlačiarsky-účastinárský spolok, 1872), pp. 226-232 (1872), 7 page(s)
Description
TITLE: “Statement to the Revered Slovak Audience” in Živena: National Almanac. DESCRIPTION: The text is a declaration of the leaders of Živena to a Slovak audience, published in 1872. Živena was the first women’s association of Slovak women (women identifying themselves with the Slovak nation), founded in 1869.The text is signed by Anna Pivková (1835-1921), the first chairwoman of the association, Ambro Pietor (1843-1906), the secretary...
TITLE: “Statement to the Revered Slovak Audience” in Živena: National Almanac. DESCRIPTION: The text is a declaration of the leaders of Živena to a Slovak audience, published in 1872. Živena was the first women’s association of Slovak women (women identifying themselves with the Slovak nation), founded in 1869.The text is signed by Anna Pivková (1835-1921), the first chairwoman of the association, Ambro Pietor (1843-1906), the secretary of the association, and Anna Mudroňová (1864-1954), the treasurer of the association. The support for women’s education is presented as a national question. In order for the Slovak nation to be strong, it is necessary for education to affect all its members - so also Slovak women. The main goal of the association was therefore to support the education of Slovak women in the national language. The text emphasizes that the education of individuals and nations begins at the home hearth, and women as educators are therefore an important factor in national awareness. The association planned to achieve its goals by establishing schools for girls in Slovak language. The authors turn to “Slovak parents”, “fathers and brothers” and “mothers and sisters” requesting their support. According to the text the household continues to constitute the main field of women’s activity; education is to make women into good Christians, housekeepers, and patriots. See also, Ambróz Pietor, “Slovenky pozor! [Slovak Women, Beware!],” Národní hlásník [National Watchman] 2, no. 6 (1869): 169–73 (5pp.); and “Úloha ‘Živeny’ [Mission of ‘Živena’],” in Živena. Národní almanach [Živena. National Almanac] (Turč. Sv. Martin: Knihtlačiarsky-účastinárský spolok, 1885), 299–308 (10pp.). KEYWORDS: Women and Nation within Empire; Women and Nation-Building; Women and Relationship Between Nations in the Empire; Women and National Languages; National Identity; Women and Education; Gendered Education; Education in National Languages; Habsburg Empire; Hungary; Slovakia
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Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Section
Author / Creator
Anna Mudroňová, 1864-1954, Ambro Pietor, 1843-1906, Anna Pivková, 1835-1921
Date Published / Released
1872
Person Discussed
Anna Mudroňová, 1864-1954, Ambro Pietor, 1843-1906, Anna Pivková, 1835-1921
Topic / Theme
Social Reform and Political Activism, Women and Education, Political and Human Rights, Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Multi-Ethnic Participation in Social Movements, Gendered Education, Indigenous Languages, Empire and Education, Social and Cultural Rights, National Identity, Equal Rights for Women, Empire and Feminism, Slovak
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Rad Dobrotvornih Zadruga Srpkinja: Novi Sad
written by Charitable Cooperatives of Serbian Women, in Ženski svet, Vol. 19, no. 3, January 3, 1904, pp. 58-60 (1904), 3 page(s)
TITLE: Activities of the Charitable Cooperatives of Serbian Women: Novi Sad. DESCRIPTION: This article is a report on the general meeting of the Charitable Cooperative of Serbian Women from Novi Sad, the Vojvodina, held in February 1904, which discusses the activities of the cooperative in the previous year. It in...
Sample
written by Charitable Cooperatives of Serbian Women, in Ženski svet, Vol. 19, no. 3, January 3, 1904, pp. 58-60 (1904), 3 page(s)
Description
TITLE: Activities of the Charitable Cooperatives of Serbian Women: Novi Sad. DESCRIPTION: This article is a report on the general meeting of the Charitable Cooperative of Serbian Women from Novi Sad, the Vojvodina, held in February 1904, which discusses the activities of the cooperative in the previous year. It includes an invitation to Serbian women’s associations to participate in forming an Alliance of Women’s Organizations of Hungary (Mag...
TITLE: Activities of the Charitable Cooperatives of Serbian Women: Novi Sad. DESCRIPTION: This article is a report on the general meeting of the Charitable Cooperative of Serbian Women from Novi Sad, the Vojvodina, held in February 1904, which discusses the activities of the cooperative in the previous year. It includes an invitation to Serbian women’s associations to participate in forming an Alliance of Women’s Organizations of Hungary (Magyarországi Nőegyesületek Szövetsége). The Vojvodina belonged to the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia which enjoyed a considerable degree of autonomy within the Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen, or Hungary, in the dual Monarchy (from 1867) of Austria-Hungary. Serbian was one of the dominant languages spoken in the Vojvodina. The text was published in Ženski svet. List dobrotvornih zadruga Srpkinja (Women’s World: Journal of the Charitable Cooperatives of Serbian Women). The journal was published between 1886 and 1914 in Novi Sad (Újvidék), the Vojvodina, by the Charitable Cooperative of Serbian Women from Novi Sad (Dobrotvorna zadruga Srpkinja Novosatkinja). The editor of the journal was Arkadije Varađanin, a man who was an active proponent of women’s rights and who was a teacher and director of the Serbian High School for Girls established in Novi Sad, in 1874. The beginning of the article mentions that the cooperative has agreed to continue supporting the Serbian-Orthodox kindergarten in Novi Sad, and it talks about the amount of money on disposal. It also mentions that the Hungarian ministry has given permission that all Serbian women’s cooperatives “from this side of the border” create an alliance. See also, “Pravila za savez Dobrotvornih Zadruga Srpkinja iz Austro-Ugarske, Bosne i Hercegovine [Statute of the Alliance of the Charitable Cooperatives of Serbian Women from Austria-Hungary, Bosnia and Herzegovina],” Ženski svet, January 3, 1902; and “Prva skupština Saveza Dobrotvornih Zadruga Srpkinja [The First Assembly of the Alliance of Charitable Cooperatives of Serbian Women],” Ženski svet, January 6, 1902. Additionally, the article reports that on the meeting the Charitable Cooperative of Serbian Women in Novi Sad held in February 1904, an important public letter was read. The letter was written in February 1904 in Budapest and signed by Countess Josefin Teleki, the leading representative of the National Association for Women’s Education (Országos Nőképző-Egyesület, translated into Serbian as Državna zadruga za obrazovanje ženskih). In the letter, the Countess invites Serbian women’s associations (in fact, Charitable Women’s Cooperatives of Serbian Women from different places in the Vojvodina) to participate in establishing an alliance of all the women’s organizations in the country, which would be called the Alliance of Women’s Organizations in Hungary (Magyarországi Nőegyesületek Szövetsége, translated into Serbian as Savez ženskih zadruga u Ugarskoj; the alliance was established in 1904 and thereupon became a member of the International Council of Women). The goals of the Alliance were described as follows: to introduce the women’s activities to the wider audiences; to connect all women from all over the country; to serve as a means of communication between all women (from Hungary); to support the representation of women from Hungary abroad. During the meeting of the Charitable Cooperative of Serbian Women from Novi Sad it was decided to reply positively to the invitation, but only under condition that the Alliance would consist of ethnic sections. KEYWORDS: Women and Institutions of Empire; Women and Nation within Empire; Relations Between Women of Different Nationalities; Women and Nation-Building; Women and Relationship Between Nations in the Empire; Women and Struggle Between Nations in the Empire; Women and National Languages; National Identity; Empire and Feminism; Ethnic divisions; Empire and Internationalism; Social Reform and Political Activism; Multi-Ethnic Participation in Social Movements; Ethnic divisions; Political and Human Rights; Nationality Rights; Social and Cultural Rights; Equal Rights for Women; Women and Education; Access to Primary Education/Literacy; Education in National Languages; Habsburg Empire; Hungary; Vojvodina; Novi Sad; Serbia; Hungary
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Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Periodical article
Author / Creator
Charitable Cooperatives of Serbian Women
Date Published / Released
03 January 1904, 1904
Person Discussed
Arkadije Varađanin, fl. 1874, Josefin Teleki, fl. 1904
Topic / Theme
Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Women and Immigration, Social Reform and Political Activism, Political and Human Rights, Women and Education, Empire and Feminism, Nationality Rights, Multi-Ethnic Participation in Social Movements, Equal Rights for Women, Social and Cultural Rights, Education as a Source of Women’s Emancipation, Empire and Internationalism, Serbians
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