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Temišvar (O zabavi srpske ženske zadruge)
written by Charitable Cooperatives of Serbian Women, in Ženski svet, Vol. 22, no. 4, January 4, 1907, pp. 79-81 (1907), 3 page(s)
TITLE: Timişoara: On the Party of the Serbian Women's Cooperative. DESCRIPTION: This article is a report sent to Novi Sad (Újvidék), the Vojvodina, from Temišvar (Timișoara, Temesvár, Temeswar). The Vojvodina belonged to the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia which enjoyed a considerable degree of autonomy within t...
Sample
written by Charitable Cooperatives of Serbian Women, in Ženski svet, Vol. 22, no. 4, January 4, 1907, pp. 79-81 (1907), 3 page(s)
Description
TITLE: Timişoara: On the Party of the Serbian Women's Cooperative. DESCRIPTION: This article is a report sent to Novi Sad (Újvidék), the Vojvodina, from Temišvar (Timișoara, Temesvár, Temeswar). The Vojvodina belonged to the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia which enjoyed a considerable degree of autonomy within the Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen, or Hungary, in the dual Monarchy (from 1867) of Austria-Hungary. Serbian was one of the dominan...
TITLE: Timişoara: On the Party of the Serbian Women's Cooperative. DESCRIPTION: This article is a report sent to Novi Sad (Újvidék), the Vojvodina, from Temišvar (Timișoara, Temesvár, Temeswar). The Vojvodina belonged to the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia which enjoyed a considerable degree of autonomy within the Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen, or Hungary, in the dual Monarchy (from 1867) of Austria-Hungary. Serbian was one of the dominant languages spoken in the Vojvodina. The text is signed as Banaćanka, which means “a woman from the Banat.” Timișoara was a city in the Banat, then Kingdom of Hungary, today Romania.The text describes the party that the Serbian Women’s Cooperative (Srpska ženska zadruga) organized in Timișoara referring to the minority status of Serbian women among “foreigners” in Timişoara. The text was published in Ženski svet. List dobrotvornih zadruga Srpkinja (Women’s World: Journal of the Charitable Cooperatives of Serbian Women). The journal was published between 1886 and 1914 in Novi Sad (Újvidék), the Vojvodina, by the Charitable Cooperative of Serbian Women from Novi Sad (Dobrotvorna zadruga Srpkinja Novosatkinja). The editor of the journal was Arkadije Varađanin, a man who was an active proponent of women’s rights and who was a teacher and director of the Serbian High School for Girls established in Novi Sad in 1874. The article begins with a literary description of Timişoara, lamenting that in the past there had been much more Serbian families in this town. Yet, the Serbian Women’s Cooperative (Srpska ženska zadruga) is one of the light examples of the unity among Serbs. The unity of Serbs is much emphasized in this text. The Serbian Women’s Cooperative was established in 1900, and, even though the Serbs have a minority status in Timişoara, the members of cooperative “proved” that they are capable of organizing a respectable party. The text describes the atmosphere and the concert held on the occasion, giving the name of the participants. KEYWORDS: Women and Institutions in Empire; Women’s Cooperative; Women and Nation within Empire; Women and Nation-Building; Women and Relationship Between Nations in the Empire; Women and Struggle Between Nations in the Empire; National Identity; Political and Human Rights; Social and Cultural Rights; Habsburg Empire; Hungary; Vojvodina; Novi Sad; Banat; Timişoara; Serbia
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Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Periodical article
Author / Creator
Charitable Cooperatives of Serbian Women
Date Published / Released
04 January 1907, 1907
Person Discussed
Arkadije Varađanin, fl. 1874
Topic / Theme
Social Reform and Political Activism, Political and Human Rights, National Identity, Social and Cultural Rights, Serbians, Romanians
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U rogatackoj Slatini
written by Marija Jurić Zagorka, 1873-1957, in Obzor, no. 179, August 8, 1898, p. NA (1898), 4 page(s)
TITLE: In Rogatačka Slatina. DESCRIPTION: Marija Jurić Zagorka (1873-1956) was a Croatian feminist, the first female political journalist, editor of women’s magazines, and the most popular Croatian writer. The newspaper article, in two parts, describes the stay of Croatian bishop Josip Juraj Strossmayer in Rog...
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written by Marija Jurić Zagorka, 1873-1957, in Obzor, no. 179, August 8, 1898, p. NA (1898), 4 page(s)
Description
TITLE: In Rogatačka Slatina. DESCRIPTION: Marija Jurić Zagorka (1873-1956) was a Croatian feminist, the first female political journalist, editor of women’s magazines, and the most popular Croatian writer. The newspaper article, in two parts, describes the stay of Croatian bishop Josip Juraj Strossmayer in Rogaška Slatina, a spa in Slovenia, near the border with Croatia. The author evokes the international ambience of the place, with patrons...
TITLE: In Rogatačka Slatina. DESCRIPTION: Marija Jurić Zagorka (1873-1956) was a Croatian feminist, the first female political journalist, editor of women’s magazines, and the most popular Croatian writer. The newspaper article, in two parts, describes the stay of Croatian bishop Josip Juraj Strossmayer in Rogaška Slatina, a spa in Slovenia, near the border with Croatia. The author evokes the international ambience of the place, with patrons speaking Hungarian, French, Czech and German. The bishop’s meeting with Croatian ladies in July 1898 serves to Zagorka as an opportunity to discuss the position of Croatian women. Declaring that Croatian women show less patriotism than all other Slavic women, she emphasizes as the gravest problems the lack of national contents in women’s education and the still on-going practice of the everyday use of German language in urban centers in Croatia. As for the women’s participation in politics, the author sees the difference between patriotic feelings and the politics in the private/public divide. She exhorts both women and men to enable the development of Croatian patriotism among women. Keywords: Women and Practices/Cultures of Empire; Women and Nation within Empire; Women and Education; Social Reform and Political Activism; Political and Human Rights; Social and Cultural Rights; Habsburg Empire
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Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Periodical article
Author / Creator
Marija Jurić Zagorka, 1873-1957
Date Published / Released
1898
Topic / Theme
Political and Human Rights, Social Reform and Political Activism, Women and Education, Social and Cultural Rights, National Identity, Indigenous Languages, Multi-Ethnic Participation in Social Movements, Germans, Slavs, Czechs, Croatians
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Unveiled: The Autobiography of a Turkish Girl
written by Selma Ekrem, 1902-1986 (New York, NY: Ives Washburn, 1930), 334 page(s)
Sample
written by Selma Ekrem, 1902-1986 (New York, NY: Ives Washburn, 1930), 334 page(s)
Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Diary/Memoir/Autobiography
Author / Creator
Selma Ekrem, 1902-1986
Date Published / Released
1930
Publisher
Ives Washburn
Topic / Theme
Social Reform and Political Activism, Political and Human Rights, Women and Religion, National Identity, Social and Cultural Rights, Male Religious Authorities, Turkish, Industrialization and Western Global Hegemony (1750–1914)
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Viktoria Lityán to Feministák Egyesülete, Szekesfehérvár, ca. 1910s
written by Viktoria Lityán, fl. 1910 (Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár Országos Levéltára [National Archives of Hungary – National Archives], P999 Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association], Box 3 Folder 5) (1910) , 1 page(s)
TITLE: Viktoria Lityán to Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association (in Hungary)], Szekesfehérvár, ca. 1910s. DESCRIPTION: Undated letter, on behalf of the Szekesfehérvár Group of the Feminist Association (Feministák Egyesületének székesfehérvári csoportja), asking for support with regard to the pla...
Sample
written by Viktoria Lityán, fl. 1910 (Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár Országos Levéltára [National Archives of Hungary – National Archives], P999 Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association], Box 3 Folder 5) (1910) , 1 page(s)
Description
TITLE: Viktoria Lityán to Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association (in Hungary)], Szekesfehérvár, ca. 1910s. DESCRIPTION: Undated letter, on behalf of the Szekesfehérvár Group of the Feminist Association (Feministák Egyesületének székesfehérvári csoportja), asking for support with regard to the planned organization of local peasant women, a plan on which the group has agreed. The Feminist Association (Feministák Egyesülete) was...
TITLE: Viktoria Lityán to Feministák Egyesülete [Feminist Association (in Hungary)], Szekesfehérvár, ca. 1910s. DESCRIPTION: Undated letter, on behalf of the Szekesfehérvár Group of the Feminist Association (Feministák Egyesületének székesfehérvári csoportja), asking for support with regard to the planned organization of local peasant women, a plan on which the group has agreed. The Feminist Association (Feministák Egyesülete) was the leading progressive-liberal organization in Hungary. Viktoria Lityán requests the help of the Feminist Association in Budapest for inviting and bringing over to Székesfehérvár two (peasant) women from Balmazújváros who speak “the language of the people.” KEYWORDS: Work and Class Identity; Gender and Class; Peasant Women’s Organizing; Habsburg Empire; Women’s Movement Spreading all over Hungary
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Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Date Written / Recorded
1910
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Letter
Recipient Organization
Feminist Association, Hungary
Author / Creator
Viktoria Lityán, fl. 1910
Topic / Theme
Political and Human Rights, Work and Class Identity, Women of Color, Social Reform and Political Activism, Social and Cultural Rights, Women as “Proletariat”, Gender Discrimination, Class Discrimination, National Identity, Hungarians
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W kwestii międzynarodowego trwałego pokoju
written by Zofia Daszyńska-Golińska, 1860-1934 (Archiwum Biblioteki Jagiellońskiej, Fragment archiwum NZ LK NKN, 8836/IV: k 34-38) (1915) , 5 page(s)
TITLE: The Question of an International Permanent Peace. DESCRIPTION: The archive of Jagiellonian Library in Cracow contains unpublished material of Zofia Daszyńska-Golińska (1866-1934) which she collected due to her task to represent the Polish women’s organization “Liga Kobiet (Women’s League)” at the...
Sample
written by Zofia Daszyńska-Golińska, 1860-1934 (Archiwum Biblioteki Jagiellońskiej, Fragment archiwum NZ LK NKN, 8836/IV: k 34-38) (1915) , 5 page(s)
Description
TITLE: The Question of an International Permanent Peace. DESCRIPTION: The archive of Jagiellonian Library in Cracow contains unpublished material of Zofia Daszyńska-Golińska (1866-1934) which she collected due to her task to represent the Polish women’s organization “Liga Kobiet (Women’s League)” at the international Women’s Peace Congress in The Hague in 1915. Daszyńska-Golińska was a socialist and feminist politician and a nationa...
TITLE: The Question of an International Permanent Peace. DESCRIPTION: The archive of Jagiellonian Library in Cracow contains unpublished material of Zofia Daszyńska-Golińska (1866-1934) which she collected due to her task to represent the Polish women’s organization “Liga Kobiet (Women’s League)” at the international Women’s Peace Congress in The Hague in 1915. Daszyńska-Golińska was a socialist and feminist politician and a national economist (Nationalökonomin). She gained her PhD at the University of Zurich (Universität Zürich) in 1891 and taught at Berlin University (Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, today Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin). She stood up for women’s right to vote and for the independence of Poland. She also was arepresentative of the eugenic movement in Poland especially between the wars. The “International Congress of Women, The Hague, 1915” called together representatives of women’s organizations from all over the world to prevent war in future. It established the “International Committee of Women for Permanent Peace,” since 1919 “Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom.” The “Liga Kobiet (Women’s League)” joined together active Polish women to mobilize them for the “Polish question.” The collection consists of 48 pp. of different handwritten papers and typescripts in German and Polish from Daszyńska-Goliǹska: records from meetings and policy papers about the positions of Polish women’s politics concerning independence, peace and the role of women during war times. In addition, there are some English, Polish and German announcements and protocols concerning the Congress and the Committee. They are not written by Daszyńska-Golińska. The typescript ‘W kwestii międzynarodowego trwałego pokoju [The Question of an International Permanent Peace’ (June 19, 2015)] is written like a speech. It starts with the success of the peace congress as an international meeting of women from so many different countries and then argues for the most basic structure of peace, the nation. The overwhelming meaning became visible when class conflicts were left behind in the beginning of the war. Daszyńska-Golińska mentioned France, Germany, Great Britain and Austria. The importance of the nation leads her to the avtivities of Polish women and the Liga kobiet (Women’s League). She ends with the remark that Polish women like all women want peace and therefore fight for freedom of Poland. KEYWORDS: Women and Practices/Cultures of Empire; Women Interacting with Women, Social Movements, and Other Actors Beyond Empire; Women and Nation within Empire; Women Challenging Empire; Peace and War; Social Reform and Political Activism; Political and Human Rights; Habsburg Empire; Poland; Germany; France; Great Britain; Austria; The Hague
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Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Date Written / Recorded
1915
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Government/institutional document
Author / Creator
Zofia Daszyńska-Golińska, 1860-1934
Topic / Theme
Social Reform and Political Activism, Political and Human Rights, Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Work and Class Identity, Peace, International Governance, and International Law, Multi-Ethnic Participation in Social Movements, Human Rights, Social and Cultural Rights, National Identity, Nationalism and Independence Movements, Class Discrimination, International Peace, Polish, 20...
Social Reform and Political Activism, Political and Human Rights, Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Work and Class Identity, Peace, International Governance, and International Law, Multi-Ethnic Participation in Social Movements, Human Rights, Social and Cultural Rights, National Identity, Nationalism and Independence Movements, Class Discrimination, International Peace, Polish, 20th Century in World History (1914--2000)
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XXV ani din viaţa Reuniunei Femeilor Române Sălăgene: 1881-1906
written by Augustin Vicas, fl. 1897 (Libraria Centrala Universitara "Lucian Blaga" Cluj Napoca) (Simleul Silvaniei, Salaj County: Institutul Tipografic Victoria, 1906), 129 page(s)
TITLE: Twenty-Five Years of the Reunion of Romanian Women, 1881-1906. DESCRIPTION: The monograph consists of a year-by-year account of the activity of the The Reuniunea Femeilor Române/ Reunion of Romanian Women in Sălaj/Szilàgy county, between 1881 and 1906. The Reunion was part of Women’s Reunions (i.e. Wom...
Sample
written by Augustin Vicas, fl. 1897 (Libraria Centrala Universitara "Lucian Blaga" Cluj Napoca) (Simleul Silvaniei, Salaj County: Institutul Tipografic Victoria, 1906), 129 page(s)
Description
TITLE: Twenty-Five Years of the Reunion of Romanian Women, 1881-1906. DESCRIPTION: The monograph consists of a year-by-year account of the activity of the The Reuniunea Femeilor Române/ Reunion of Romanian Women in Sălaj/Szilàgy county, between 1881 and 1906. The Reunion was part of Women’s Reunions (i.e. Women’s Associations) in Transylvania. The narrative is supported by and references on page margins ten annexed documents. The Addenda c...
TITLE: Twenty-Five Years of the Reunion of Romanian Women, 1881-1906. DESCRIPTION: The monograph consists of a year-by-year account of the activity of the The Reuniunea Femeilor Române/ Reunion of Romanian Women in Sălaj/Szilàgy county, between 1881 and 1906. The Reunion was part of Women’s Reunions (i.e. Women’s Associations) in Transylvania. The narrative is supported by and references on page margins ten annexed documents. The Addenda consist of official correspondence in Romanian and Hungarian, Reunion statutes, significant members’ speeches and several illustrations. The Reuniunea Femeilor Române/ Reunion of Romanian Women in Sălaj/Szilàgy county was created in 1881. Among its founders were Emilia Pop Hossu-Longin and Clara Maniu (1842-1929) (serving as President), both of them members of politically influential families, with ties to the Romanian National Party in Transylvania. Augustin Vicaș, the monograph’s author, was a Greek-Catolic (Eastern Catholic) priest, who served as secretary of the Reunion of Romanian Women in Sălaj/Szilàgy megye, between 1897 and 1905. ¶ According to the monograph, the Reunion opened an elementary school for girls in 1889. The school functioned in the town of Șimleu Silvaniei/Szilágysomlyó/Schomlemarkt until at least 1905, with an average of 30 students, drawn from educated middle class families in Sălaj/Szilàgy county. It financed itself through members’ donations, a regular subsidy from a Romanian bank in town, and royalties from the sale of a prayer book for which it was donated the copy rights. The school’s founders presented it both as an institution for women’s emancipation through education and as a way of competing with members of other nationalities in the Empire (especially Hungarian women). It subscribed to publicist George Baritiu’s ideas about the place of a good (but not highly theoretical) education for women within the Transylvanian Romanian nationalist movement. In the first years after its founding, the Reunion’s main struggle was to formally maintain the school’s status as a private school whose main language of teaching was Romanian, rather than turning it into a Romanian-language confessional school run by either the Eastern Catholic or the Orthodox Church. Concerning attempts at placing the association’s school under the remit of one of the two churches , the monograph’s author opined that it shed a negative light on the Romanian community and that “nationalism and confessionalism among the Romanian people must go arm in arm, without offending each other” (p.32). For decades, the school insisted on using the Romanian language in official business with regional educational authorities, invoking the Austro-Hungarian Law of Nationalities of 1868. It defined its scrupulously legalistic approach, evidenced by the monograph’s Addenda (for example Doc. 8), as “forcefully standing up in the legal domain/on legal grounds for the defense of our cherished national language” (p.46). From 1900, the Reunion focused increasingly on preserving and developing home industry production in the region, noticing that the originality of the “Romanian woman’s costume has been admired and praised by foreigners” – a nod to the use of peasant embroidery in transnational mobilization for the Transylvanian Romanian national cause in previous years. Beginning with 1900, Reunion members collected textiles, embroidery and entire women’s costumes from villages in the county. In 1901, it hosted an exhibition of homemade textiles, collected and sold by “the sister Reunion” from “the romantic county of Hunedoara” (p. 66), meant to benefit “fire-stricken” peasants from the village of Vaideeni. Significantly, the Hunedoara Reunion was presided over by a Sălaj/Szilàgy-county native. Interestingly, the Hunedoara Reunion had itself participated in exhibitions meant to support flood-stricken peasants from Upper Hungary (present day Slovakia), at the behest of Baroness Dithfurth. The monograph notes that on the occasion of the 1901 exhibition, “it was noticed with joy that women and girls from [Salaj] villages made copies of the most beautiful [Hunedoara] weaves in order to imitate them” (p. 65). The Reunion introduced the celebration of the Christmas tree, an occasion for donating objects to children in need. The Christmas tree celebration was described as a “humanitarian institution” and the Reunion hoped to spread the ceremony in the county’s villages. ¶ The monograph describes in a careful and detailed form the activities of one of the Transylvanian women’s Reunions (i.e., Associations), offering a good view of the concrete functioning of these women-centric associations over 25 years. The document describes Romanian nationalistic mobilization in an overwhelmingly rural county, an area which Reunion members perceived as marginal and a “frontier of Romanianess” (p.66). (The better documented Reunions usually functioned in larger cities, with a fairly strong Romanian middle class, such as Sibiu or Brasov). The book also offers a sense of how these organizations self-limited their activity on both gender and national questions. For instance, while the Reunion fought its protracted, mostly low-level, administrative battle for the use of Romanian in all official correspondence, it refrained from organizing its 1894 general assembly in an area where “spirits were agitated” due to the Memorandum trial. See also, “Elena Baiulescu and Elena Muresianu to Emilia Dr. Ratiu” (Letter, Brașov, României, June 16, 1894), 734/1905, Fond 1246 Personal Fond Dr. Ioan Ratiu, f.1, Romania. Arhivele Nationale. Arhivele Nationale Istorice Centrale Bucharest. KEYWORDS: Women and Practices/ Cultures of Empire; Women and Nation within Empire; Relations Between Women of Different Nationalities; Women and Nation-Building; Women and Relationship Between Nations in the Empire; Women and Struggle Between Nations in the Empire; Women and National Languages; National Identity; Social Reform and Political Activism; Women and Education; Gendered Education; Education in National Languages; Education as a Source of Women’s Emancipation; Habsburg Empire; Kingdom of Hungary; Funds and donations; Handicrafts; Home industry
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Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Book
Author / Creator
Augustin Vicas, fl. 1897
Date Published / Released
1906
Publisher
Institutul Tipografic Victoria
Topic / Theme
Indigenous Women, Women and Development, Women and Education, Social Reform and Political Activism, Political and Human Rights, Indigenous Women and Dress, Household Crafts, Education as a Source of Women’s Emancipation, Gendered Education, Empire and Education, National Identity, Indigenous Languages, Multi-Ethnic Participation in Social Movements, Social and Cultural Rights, Romanians
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Ženska čitaonica
written by Milica Tomić, fl. 1911, in Žena, Vol. 1, no. 1, 1911, pp. 20-25 (1911), 6 page(s)
TITLE: Women's Reading Room. DESCRIPTION: The author of this article was Milica Tomić (1859-1944), a writer, editor and a public activist for women’s rights born and based in Novi Sad (Újvidék), Vojvodina. The Vojvodina belonged to the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia which enjoyed a considerable degree of autonom...
Sample
written by Milica Tomić, fl. 1911, in Žena, Vol. 1, no. 1, 1911, pp. 20-25 (1911), 6 page(s)
Description
TITLE: Women's Reading Room. DESCRIPTION: The author of this article was Milica Tomić (1859-1944), a writer, editor and a public activist for women’s rights born and based in Novi Sad (Újvidék), Vojvodina. The Vojvodina belonged to the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia which enjoyed a considerable degree of autonomy within the Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen, or Hungary, in the dual Monarchy (from 1867) of Austria-Hungary. Serbian was one of t...
TITLE: Women's Reading Room. DESCRIPTION: The author of this article was Milica Tomić (1859-1944), a writer, editor and a public activist for women’s rights born and based in Novi Sad (Újvidék), Vojvodina. The Vojvodina belonged to the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia which enjoyed a considerable degree of autonomy within the Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen, or Hungary, in the dual Monarchy (from 1867) of Austria-Hungary. Serbian was one of the dominant languages spoken in the Vojvodina. Milica Tomić published numerous works on the subject of women’s rights, education and emancipation. Her central endeavor was founding the periodical Žena (The Woman) in 1911, which she herself edited from 1911 until 1921 (because of the First World War, the periodical was not published from 1915 to 1917). In 1881, she was hired to work for the Charitable Cooperative of Serbian Women in Novi Sad (Dobrotvorna zadruga Srpkinja Novosatkinja). See, “Rad dobrotvornih zadruga [The Work of Charitable Cooperatives],” Ženski svet, January 5, 1886. Milica Tomić cooperated with Rosika Schwimmer (1877–1948), a prominent Hungarian feminist, and their correspondence was published in one of the issues of Žena. In this article, Milica Tomić argues that the establishment of women’s reading rooms should be the beginning of a more intensive work in the field of “progress and education of our women.” She describes how she participated (in 1910) in establishing a reading room in Novi Sad. This reading room differs from men’s reading rooms, as well as from women’s reading rooms “in the West.” Initially, “seven years earlier,” Tomić and her female friends would meet every Thursday to read together. They would all add some money to the common budget each time they would meet. Around Christmas, the members would use the money to help a poor child or a poor old lady. When the education in national languages was “endangered” by a law initiated in Hungary, the women collected thirty thousand signatures of women against this initiative. Then, the women (at first five, then fifteen of them) had an agreement to establish a public reading room for all women, including those from the poorest families. In order to involve women from other classes, some of whom could not even read, they decided to have meetings where they would read out loud. The organization was officially established in Novi Sad under the name Women’s Reading Room ‘Posestrima’(Ženska čitaonica ‘Posestrima’, a descriptive translation is “the reading room where women become sisters”). As reported, the government didn’t accept the use of the name in Serbian when they registered the organization. The reading room also functioned as a library with about 300 books. There were initially 170 members. The meetings were attended by many peasant women. Tomić mentions the activities they would all perform in villages together, and that a certain feeling of community was created. In the end, she argues that this kind of organization would bring (Serbian) women of different classes together, which would further lead to progress. She ends the text with an exclamation: “We must go forward! (Napred se mora!)” KEYWORDS: Women and Institutions of Empire; Reading room; Women and Nation within Empire; Women and Nation-Building; Women and Relationship Between Nations in the Empire; Women and Struggle Between Nations in the Empire; National Identity; Empire Silenced; Social Reform and Political Activism; Multi-Ethnic Participation in Social Movements; Political Parties and Other Male Dominated Organizations; Political and Human Rights; Nationality Rights; Social and Cultural Rights; Women and Education; Education in National Languages; Access to Higher Education; Access to Primary Education/Literacy; Gendered Education; Women as Teachers; Education as a Source of Women’s Emancipation; Habsburg Empire; Hungary; Vojvodina; Novi Sad; Serbia
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Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Periodical article
Author / Creator
Milica Tomić, fl. 1911
Date Published / Released
1911
Person Discussed
Rosika Schwimmer, 1877-1948, Milica Tomić, fl. 1911
Topic / Theme
Women and Education, Political and Human Rights, Women and Immigration, Social Reform and Political Activism, Access to Primary Education/Literacy, Education as a Source of Women’s Emancipation, Women as Teachers, Access to Higher Education, Social and Cultural Rights, Nationality Rights, Multi-Ethnic Participation in Social Movements, National Identity, Indigenous Languages, Gendered Education,...
Women and Education, Political and Human Rights, Women and Immigration, Social Reform and Political Activism, Access to Primary Education/Literacy, Education as a Source of Women’s Emancipation, Women as Teachers, Access to Higher Education, Social and Cultural Rights, Nationality Rights, Multi-Ethnic Participation in Social Movements, National Identity, Indigenous Languages, Gendered Education, Serbians
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