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Report of the 19th Triennial Meeting of the International Council of Women
written by International Council of Women (Paris, Ile-de-France: International Council of Women, 1970), 258 page(s)
Sample
written by International Council of Women (Paris, Ile-de-France: International Council of Women, 1970), 258 page(s)
Collection
Women and Social Movements, International
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Proceeding
Author / Creator
International Council of Women
Date Published / Released
1970
Publisher
International Council of Women
Series
Proceedings of International Council of Women
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Report of the Committee of the Reunion of Romanian Women to the General Assembly held on 11/23 October 1892
written by Reunion of Romanian Women in Brasov (Romania. Arhivele Nationale. Serviciul Judetean al Arhivelor Nationale Brasov, 5864/1892, Fond 1299, Societatea Reuniunea Femeilor Romane din Brasov, ff.1-2) (October 1892) , 4 page(s)
TITLE: Report of the Committee of the Reunion of Romanian Women to the General Assembly held on 11/23 October 1892. DESCRIPTION: This document is a report on the reasons for calling an extra-ordinary General Assembly of the Reunion of Romanian Women from Brașov/Brassó/Kronstadt. The Reuniunea Femeilor Române/ T...
Sample
written by Reunion of Romanian Women in Brasov (Romania. Arhivele Nationale. Serviciul Judetean al Arhivelor Nationale Brasov, 5864/1892, Fond 1299, Societatea Reuniunea Femeilor Romane din Brasov, ff.1-2) (October 1892) , 4 page(s)
Description
TITLE: Report of the Committee of the Reunion of Romanian Women to the General Assembly held on 11/23 October 1892. DESCRIPTION: This document is a report on the reasons for calling an extra-ordinary General Assembly of the Reunion of Romanian Women from Brașov/Brassó/Kronstadt. The Reuniunea Femeilor Române/ The Reunion of Romanian Women of Brașov was founded in 1850. Its stated aim was to raise “poorer Romanian girls, and especially those...
TITLE: Report of the Committee of the Reunion of Romanian Women to the General Assembly held on 11/23 October 1892. DESCRIPTION: This document is a report on the reasons for calling an extra-ordinary General Assembly of the Reunion of Romanian Women from Brașov/Brassó/Kronstadt. The Reuniunea Femeilor Române/ The Reunion of Romanian Women of Brașov was founded in 1850. Its stated aim was to raise “poorer Romanian girls, and especially those who became orphans through the death of (both) parents during the Transylvanian-Hungarian civil war of 1848-1849.” The “civil war” mentioned was occasioned by many Transylvanian Romanian’s participation in the defeat of 1848 Hungarian revolutionaries, as a part of the imperial army. ¶ The document mentions that the General Assembly was called following a request by the Ministry of the Interior that the association’s Statutes be clarified or changed. In October 1892, the Office of the Viscount in Brașov, representing the Ministry had asked the Reunion for evidence of Empress Elisabeth’s acceptance of the status of Patron of the Reunion, mentioned in its 1854 Statutes. The document details that the association was also required to report on its patrimony and expenses and clarify in what way it continued to care for girls orphaned by the 1848 Revolution. This document mentions that the Reunion supplied documents of a donation of 750 florins made by the Empress in 1854, and it gives details on the Reunion’s history and functioning. It also mentions that in its answer to the Viscount, the Reunion argued that following the official donation by the Empress on the occasion of her marriage, it considered Elisabeth “its natural patron.” The document states that, at the further request of the Brașov Viscount, references to Elisabeth were omitted and the goals of the association were rewritten. As such, this document announces that the new goals of the Brașov Women’s Reunion were “to raise orphan girls by founding professional and learning schools [întemeierea scolilor de lucru și de învățătură] and through material aid.” ¶ The document is part of a series concerning the administrative back-and-forth between the Reunion of Romanian Women in Brașov and municipal authorities, representing the Hungarian government in the 1890s. See also, Sterie N. Ciurcu, “Sterie N. Ciurcu to Lazar Nastasy, 18 November 1892” (Letter, Wien [Vienna], November 18, 1892), 5875/1892, Fond 1299, Societatea Reuniunea Femeilor Romane din Brasov, ff.1-3, Romania. Arhivele Nationale. Serviciul Judetean al Arhivelor Nationale Brasov; Reuniunea Femeilor Romane Brasov, “Reuniunea Femeilor Romane to the City Magistrate, 1/13 November 1892” (Letter, Brașov, November 1, 1892), 5869/1892, Fond 1299, Societatea Reuniunea Femeilor Romane din Brasov, Romania. Arhivele Nationale. Serviciul Judetean al Arhivelor Nationale Brasov; and Reuniunea Femeilor Române Brașov, “Simțindu-se încă de mult lipsa unei scóle practice, 6 iunie 1893 [Given the Lack of a Practical School: Statutes, 6 June 1893, with Penciled Comments by the Representative of the Hungarian Ministry of Internal Affairs, November 1894]” (Statutes, Brașov, November 1894), 5904/1893 and 5960/1783, Fond 1299, Societatea Reuniunea Femeilor Romane din Brasov, ff. 4-10, Romania. Arhivele Nationale. Serviciul Judetean al Arhivelor Nationale Brasov. Together, these items illuminate the way in which imperial bureaucratic practices mediated nationalist struggles. For instance, it is easy to surmise that the proud goal of caring for orphans of the 1848 “civil war” may not have resonated with the Hungarian administration. This particular document also shows how Habsburg symbols (i.e., Empress Elisabeth’s patronage) were part of symbolic struggles between nationalist activists and the representatives of the centralizing Hungarian Kingdom within the Dual Monarchy. It is significant that Empress Elisabeth enjoyed a popular cult in Hungary, where she was seen as a Habsburg supporter of Hungarian national aspirations, expressed in 1848-1849. KEYWORDS: Women and Institutions of Empire; Municipal Administration; Women and Practices/ Cultures of Empire; Imperial Identity; Women and Nation within Empire; Women and Struggle Between Nations in the Empire; National Identity; Social Reform and Political Activism; Habsburg Empire; Kingdom of Hungary; Transylvania; Empress of Austria and Queen of Hungary, Elisabeth of Bavaria (“Sissi”); Women’s Associations.
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Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Date Written / Recorded
October 1892, 1892
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Government/institutional document
Author / Creator
Reunion of Romanian Women in Brasov
Person Discussed
Elisabeth, Empress, consort of Franz Joseph I, Emperor of Austria, 1837-1898
Topic / Theme
Hungarian Revolution of 1848, Political and Human Rights, Indigenous Women, Social Reform and Political Activism, Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Equal Rights for Women, Social and Political Leadership, National Identity, Social and Cultural Rights, Empire and Feminism, Romanians
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PRISON REFORM WORK OF ST. LAZARE, PARIS, MADAME ISABELLE BOGELOT
written by Isabelle Bogelot, 1838-1923 and Harriet R. Shattuck, 1850-1937; in Report of the International Council of Women, Assembled by the National Woman Suffrage Association, Washington, D.C., U. S. of America, (District of Columbia: National Woman Suffrage Association, 1888), 90-95
Sample
written by Isabelle Bogelot, 1838-1923 and Harriet R. Shattuck, 1850-1937; in Report of the International Council of Women, Assembled by the National Woman Suffrage Association, Washington, D.C., U. S. of America, (District of Columbia: National Woman Suffrage Association, 1888), 90-95
Collection
Women and Social Movements, International
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Speech/Address
Author / Creator
Isabelle Bogelot, 1838-1923, Harriet R. Shattuck, 1850-1937
Date Published / Released
1888-04-01, 1888
Publisher
National Woman Suffrage Association
Topic / Theme
Social Reform and Political Activism, Political and Human Rights, Women and Education, National Identity, Suffrage, Education as a Source of Women’s Emancipation
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Report of the World YWCA Council Meeting: Athens, Greece September 8-21, 1979
written by Ruth Sovik, 1929-2000 (Geneva, Geneva Canton: World's Young Women's Christian Association, 1980, originally published 1979, first release 1979), 41 page(s)
Sample
written by Ruth Sovik, 1929-2000 (Geneva, Geneva Canton: World's Young Women's Christian Association, 1980, originally published 1979, first release 1979), 41 page(s)
Collection
Women and Social Movements, International
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Proceeding
Author / Creator
Ruth Sovik, 1929-2000
Date Published / Released
1979, 1980
Publisher
World's Young Women's Christian Association
Series
Proceedings of World Young Women's Christian Association
Topic / Theme
Women and Religion, Religious Leadership and Religious Activism
Sections
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Report On Visitors' Program
written by Zelia P. Ruebhausen, 1914-1990, in Women's Africa Committee Records, 1958-1978, of Sophia Smith Collection. Women's History Archive (Box 1, Folder 9, 11pp.) (Northampton, MA) (1963) , 11 page(s)
Sample
written by Zelia P. Ruebhausen, 1914-1990, in Women's Africa Committee Records, 1958-1978, of Sophia Smith Collection. Women's History Archive (Box 1, Folder 9, 11pp.) (Northampton, MA) (1963) , 11 page(s)
Collection
Women and Social Movements, International
Date Written / Recorded
1963
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Government/institutional document
Author / Creator
Zelia P. Ruebhausen, 1914-1990
Topic / Theme
Political and Human Rights, Social Reform and Political Activism, Social and Cultural Rights, National Identity
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Reuniunea Femeilor Romane to the City Magistrate, 1/13 November 1892
written by Reunion of Romanian Women in Brasov (Romania. Arhivele Nationale. Serviciul Judetean al Arhivelor Nationale Brasov, 5869/1892, Fond 1299, Societatea Reuniunea Femeilor Romane din Brasov) (November 1892) , 2 page(s)
TITLE: Reuniunea Femeilor Romane to the City Magistrate, 1/13 November 1892. DESCRIPTION: The letter is a draft of a reply to the City Magistrate of Brașov concerning changes that had to be made to the Statutes of the Reuniunea Femeilor Române/Reunion of Romanian Women from Brașov/Brassó/Kronstadt. For a detai...
Sample
written by Reunion of Romanian Women in Brasov (Romania. Arhivele Nationale. Serviciul Judetean al Arhivelor Nationale Brasov, 5869/1892, Fond 1299, Societatea Reuniunea Femeilor Romane din Brasov) (November 1892) , 2 page(s)
Description
TITLE: Reuniunea Femeilor Romane to the City Magistrate, 1/13 November 1892. DESCRIPTION: The letter is a draft of a reply to the City Magistrate of Brașov concerning changes that had to be made to the Statutes of the Reuniunea Femeilor Române/Reunion of Romanian Women from Brașov/Brassó/Kronstadt. For a detailed report of the Reunion meeting deciding on how to make the changes, see Reuniunea Femeilor Romane Brasov, “Report of the Committee...
TITLE: Reuniunea Femeilor Romane to the City Magistrate, 1/13 November 1892. DESCRIPTION: The letter is a draft of a reply to the City Magistrate of Brașov concerning changes that had to be made to the Statutes of the Reuniunea Femeilor Române/Reunion of Romanian Women from Brașov/Brassó/Kronstadt. For a detailed report of the Reunion meeting deciding on how to make the changes, see Reuniunea Femeilor Romane Brasov, “Report of the Committee of the Reunion of Romanian Women to the General Assembly held on 11/23 October 1892” October 11, 1892, 5864/1892, Fond 1299, Societatea Reuniunea Femeilor Romane din Brasov, ff.1-2, Romania. Arhivele Nationale. Serviciul Judetean al Arhivelor Nationale Brasov. The Reuniunea Femeilor Române/Reunion of Romanian Women in Brașov/Brassó/Kronstadt was founded in 1850. Its initial goal was to support and educate orphaned girls. From 1880, it focused more on providing a Romanian-language education for middle-class girls. In its first decade of functioning, the Reunion opened a primary school for girls in Brașov and a handiwork school in the neighboring, smaller town of Blaj. Later, it organized a boarding school. A candid account of the political and social context in which the Reunion was founded and functioned in its first two decades, was published by its then President in 1870. The Reunion mobilized an impressive support network in aristocratic and merchant families in the Empire and counted, on average, 100 local members throughout its existence. ¶ The letter reports that the changes signaled by the Ministry of Internal Affairs through its address from August 1892 had been made. Concerning modifications to Art. 8, which referred to the official patronage of the Reunion by Empress Elisabeth, the Reunion requested a postponement of their deadline, “so as to research once again if such an act concerning the acceptance of the patronage by her Majesty can be found and if such a document could not be found [in different state archives], to address a new plea to her Majesty to accept this patronage”. (On the unfruitful searches for such document, “Sterie N. Ciurcu to Lazar Nastasy, 18 November 1892” (Letter, Wien [Vienna], 1892), 5875/1892, Fond 1299, Societatea Reuniunea Femeilor Romane din Brasov, ff.1-3, Romania. Arhivele Nationale. Serviciul Judetean al Arhivelor Nationale Brasov.) ¶ This document is part of a series concerning the administrative back-and-forth between the Reunion of Romanian Women in Brașov and municipal authorities as representing the governing Hungarian administration, occurring in the 1890s (See also, Reuniunea Femeilor Romane Brasov, “Raportul [Report of the Committee of the Reunion of Romanian Women to the General Assembly held on 11/23 October 1892]” (Report, Brașov, 1892), 5864/1892, Fond 1299, Societatea Reuniunea Femeilor Romane din Brasov, ff.1-2, Romania. Arhivele Nationale. Serviciul Judetean al Arhivelor Nationale Brasov.) Together, these items illuminate how women involved in women’s associations were learning and using the skills associated with bourgeois citizenship, even when their citizenship rights were formally inexistent or not formally guaranteed and open to infringement. These documents show how imperial symbols and Empress Elisabeth’s patronage were part of the struggles between nationalist activists and the representatives of the centralizing administration in the Hungarian part of the Dual Monarchy. It is significant that Empress Elisabeth enjoyed a popular cult in Hungary, where she was seen as a Habsburg supporter of the Hungarian national aspirations expressed in 1848-1849. KEYWORDS: Women and Institutions of Empire; Municipal Administration; Women and Practices/ Cultures of Empire; Imperial Identity; Women and Nation within Empire; Women and Struggle Between Nations in the Empire; National Identity; Social Reform and Political Activism; Habsburg Empire; Transylvania; Empress of Austria and Queen of Hungary, Elisabeth of Bavaria (“Sissi”); Statutes.
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Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Date Written / Recorded
November 1892, 1892
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Letter
Author / Creator
Reunion of Romanian Women in Brasov
Person Discussed
Elisabeth, Empress, consort of Franz Joseph I, Emperor of Austria, 1837-1898
Topic / Theme
Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Political and Human Rights, Social Reform and Political Activism, Indigenous Women, Empire and Feminism, Equal Rights for Women, National Identity, Social and Political Leadership, Romanians
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Reuniunea femeilor române din Comitatul Hunedoarei 1886-1911
(Orăștie, Hunedoara County: Tipografia Noua, 1912), 98 page(s)
TITLE: The Reunion of Romanian Women from the District of Hunedoara, 1886-1911. DESCRIPTION: This document is a monograph of the Hunedoara/Hunyad district incarnation of the Reuniunea Femeilor Române/ Reunion of Romanian Women. The text was most likely authored by Elena Pop Hossu Longin, as it was also published...
Sample
(Orăștie, Hunedoara County: Tipografia Noua, 1912), 98 page(s)
Description
TITLE: The Reunion of Romanian Women from the District of Hunedoara, 1886-1911. DESCRIPTION: This document is a monograph of the Hunedoara/Hunyad district incarnation of the Reuniunea Femeilor Române/ Reunion of Romanian Women. The text was most likely authored by Elena Pop Hossu Longin, as it was also published as a part of her 1932 memoirs. Within the loose network of Women’s Reunions (i.e., Women’s Associations in Transylvania), the Huned...
TITLE: The Reunion of Romanian Women from the District of Hunedoara, 1886-1911. DESCRIPTION: This document is a monograph of the Hunedoara/Hunyad district incarnation of the Reuniunea Femeilor Române/ Reunion of Romanian Women. The text was most likely authored by Elena Pop Hossu Longin, as it was also published as a part of her 1932 memoirs. Within the loose network of Women’s Reunions (i.e., Women’s Associations in Transylvania), the Hunedoara Reunion was focused on ethnic Romanian, peasant women and the association’s professed valorisation of peasant women’s labour. Elena Pop Hossu Longin (1862-1940) served as President of the Reunion of Romanian Women in Hunedoara/Vajdahunyad/Eisenmarkt between 1895 and 1919, and she was a founder, in 1880, of the Reunion of Romanian Women in Sălaj/Szilàgy county. See also, Augustin Vicas, XXV ani din viaţa Reuniunei Femeilor Române Sălăgene: 1881-1906 [Twenty-Five Years of the Reunion of Romanian Women, 1881-1906] (Simleul Silvaniei: Institutul Tipografic “Victoria,” 1906). Educated at Johanna Schreiber’s “Santa Maria” secondary school in Budapest, she was part of a politically-minded family. Her father, Gheorghe Pop de Băsești (1835-1919), was a landowner and a leader of the Romanian National Party in Transylvania. See also, “Emilia Dr. Ratiu to Gheorghe Pop de Basesti” (Letter, Turda, November 25, 1893), 780/1893, Fond 1246 Personal Fond Dr. Ioan Ratiu, ff. 1-2, Romania. Arhivele Nationale. Arhivele Nationale Istorice Centrale Bucharest. Elena Pop Hossu Longin’s husband, lawyer Francisc Hossu-Longin (1847-1935), was a prominent supporter of the “activist” stance among Transylvanian Romanian nationalists. He advocated participation in the Hungarian Parliament rather than the “passivist” strategy of boycotting Hungarian parliamentary institutions. Elena Pop Hossu Longin gained prominence in the Romanian-language public sphere in 1918, when she published an impassioned article titled “The Greeting of Romanian Women,” arguing that the union of Transylvania with Romania was a reward for Romanian women’s suffering for the children fighting the Great War and mentioning women as supportive participants in men’s deliberations on the union. Part of her documents are stored in the Special Collections section of the Central University Library in Cluj Napoca (Romania), while another part is stored by the Sibiu County Direction of the Romanian National Archives and will be available to the public in the near future. ¶ This monograph traces the activity of the Reunion from its beginning as a collector and supporter among peasant women of home-made clothing, untainted by “foreign” patterns and techniques to the 1907 opening of an Atelier for Home Industry and its successful functioning in the following five years. Inspired by similar initiatives by Princess Elisabeth in the Romanian Kingdom, the monograph shows that the company Atelier, which employed up to twenty peasant women, supplied middle-class families with the folk costumes that had become customary at gatherings and celebrations by the 1910s. Earlier, in 1897, with the mediation of the Reunion, a Viennese firm exhibited Hunedoara home industry items in its shop in Vienna. In the same year, at the request of Baroness Elena Dithfurth (Baroness Helena von Dithfurth), the Reunion sent items to an exhibition in “Tatatovaros, Pojon county” (Tata-Tóváros, near Tata, in fact) as a form of support and fund collection for flood victims in Upper Hungary (present day Slovakia). The monograph also contains the text of the original Statutes, a list of members and the donations received following regular appeals to the network of Romanian banks in the province. ¶ The monograph illuminates the activity of one of the most visible associations in the loose network of women’s Reunions in Transylvania. It also highlights the preoccupation with home industry, seen as a middle ground between traditional peasant occupations and waged labour, present in the articulation of the “woman question” among nationalist leaders, since the 1880s. At the same time, preoccupation for peasant craft and architecture characterized middle class culture in the whole of Austria-Hungary during the 19th century, partly as a reaction to urbanization. The monograph documents participation in events that stressed the multiethnic character of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, among which craft exhibitions. The celebration of peasant crafts and rural diversity was integral to the Austrian side of the Dual Monarchy’s justification of empire as protection of multiculturalism. KEYWORDS: Women and Practices/ Cultures of Empire; Imperial Identity; Women and Nation within Empire; Relations Between Women of Different Nationalities; Women and Nation-Building; Women and Relationship Between Nations in the Empire; National Identity; Social Reform and Political Activism; Welfare Movements; Work and Class Identity; Sexual Division of Labor; Habsburg Empire; Handicrafts; Statutes; Funds and donations.
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Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Book
Date Published / Released
1912
Publisher
Tipografia Noua
Person Discussed
Elena Pop-Hossu-Longin, 1856-1946
Topic / Theme
Political and Human Rights, Women and Development, Social Reform and Political Activism, Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Work and Class Identity, Indigenous Women, Social and Cultural Rights, Household Crafts, National Identity, Empire and Feminism, Multi-Ethnic Participation in Social Movements, Sexual Division of Labor, Social Movements and Indigenous Women, Social and Politic...
Political and Human Rights, Women and Development, Social Reform and Political Activism, Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Work and Class Identity, Indigenous Women, Social and Cultural Rights, Household Crafts, National Identity, Empire and Feminism, Multi-Ethnic Participation in Social Movements, Sexual Division of Labor, Social Movements and Indigenous Women, Social and Political Leadership, Austrians, Hungarians, Romanians, Slovak
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Revolucionarka. Istinit dogadjaj
written by Marija Jurić Zagorka, 1873-1957, in Obzor, no. 55 & 56, August 7, 1901, p. NA (1901), 3 page(s)
TITLE: Revolutionary Woman: A True Event. DESCRIPTION: Marija Jurić Zagorka (1873-1956) was a Croatian feminist, the first female political journalist, editor of women’s magazines, and the most popular Croatian writer. The newspaper article, published in two parts in the daily Obzorin 1901, is a fictionalized a...
Sample
written by Marija Jurić Zagorka, 1873-1957, in Obzor, no. 55 & 56, August 7, 1901, p. NA (1901), 3 page(s)
Description
TITLE: Revolutionary Woman: A True Event. DESCRIPTION: Marija Jurić Zagorka (1873-1956) was a Croatian feminist, the first female political journalist, editor of women’s magazines, and the most popular Croatian writer. The newspaper article, published in two parts in the daily Obzorin 1901, is a fictionalized account of the author’s own experience of being married to a Hungarian official and living in Hungary. As a young woman, Marica Klupi..
TITLE: Revolutionary Woman: A True Event. DESCRIPTION: Marija Jurić Zagorka (1873-1956) was a Croatian feminist, the first female political journalist, editor of women’s magazines, and the most popular Croatian writer. The newspaper article, published in two parts in the daily Obzorin 1901, is a fictionalized account of the author’s own experience of being married to a Hungarian official and living in Hungary. As a young woman, Marica Klupićeva is not satisfied with her life among foreigners, and secretly subscribes to the Croatian culture magazine Vienac. It is a form of rebellion against her husband, who forbids her the use of Croatian language and limits her economic independence. The author depicts a vivid image of provincial Hungarian men, her husband, the apothecary and the postman, who are outraged by the young wife’s insubordination, accusing her of Pan-Slavism and revolutionary tendencies. The story ends with the protagonist leaving her husband and returning to Croatia, while the accusations of being a dangerous revolutionary later reverberate in her opponents’ articles and letters from Hungary. Zagorka later made this episode an integral part of her autobiographical novel “Kamenna cesti” (A Stone on the road), published in 1937. It is also included in her other autobiographical texts and memoirs, as well as in the biographical article written by Adela Milčinović (20460). All these texts demonstrate Zagorka’s understanding of the importance of woman’s economic independence, patriotism, and the participation in public life, often seen by the society as a manifestation of rebellion or a revolution. Being denied further education and forced to be married to a foreigner by her parents when she was only 17 years old, the author effectively links patriarchy and Magyar domination in the Hungarian part of the Empire. Keywords: Women and Nation within Empire; Women and Relationship Between Nations in the Empire; Political and Human Rights; Equal Rights for Women; Habsburg Empire
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Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Periodical article
Author / Creator
Marija Jurić Zagorka, 1873-1957
Date Published / Released
07 August 1901, 1901
Topic / Theme
Political and Human Rights, Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Women and Education, Social Reform and Political Activism, Equal Rights for Women, Empire and Feminism, Social and Cultural Rights, Access to Higher Education, Education as a Source of Women’s Emancipation, National Identity, Multi-Ethnic Participation in Social Movements, Indigenous Languages, Croatians, Hungarians
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A Rift in the East: Trouble in Transylvania, An Appeal to English Opinion
in The Daily Chronicle, July 10, 1894, p. 3 (1894), 4 page(s)
DESCRIPTION: This newspaper clipping was originally published in the London Daily Chronicle. The article is an interview with Jeanne del Homme. Jeanne del Homme was a French teacher, based in Oxford and then in Le Mans. She was instrumental in publicizing the “Memorandum trial” occurring in Transylvania in 189...
Sample
in The Daily Chronicle, July 10, 1894, p. 3 (1894), 4 page(s)
Description
DESCRIPTION: This newspaper clipping was originally published in the London Daily Chronicle. The article is an interview with Jeanne del Homme. Jeanne del Homme was a French teacher, based in Oxford and then in Le Mans. She was instrumental in publicizing the “Memorandum trial” occurring in Transylvania in 1894 among English progressive liberals. This interview exemplifies this effort by del Homme to bring attention in the United Kingdom to t...
DESCRIPTION: This newspaper clipping was originally published in the London Daily Chronicle. The article is an interview with Jeanne del Homme. Jeanne del Homme was a French teacher, based in Oxford and then in Le Mans. She was instrumental in publicizing the “Memorandum trial” occurring in Transylvania in 1894 among English progressive liberals. This interview exemplifies this effort by del Homme to bring attention in the United Kingdom to the trial and the experiences of Dr. Ioan Rațiu. This article connects to a series of correspondence in this digital archive between del Homme and Emilia Dr. Rațiu. Emilia Rațiu (1846-1929), was a Transylvanian Romanian nationalist activist, a frequent contributor to the very popular Familia magazine. She was married to Romanian National Party leader Ioan Rațiu and mother of Felicia Rațiu. She led international mobilization efforts in favor of the claims of Transylvanian Romanians within Austria-Hungary, especially following the arrest of Ioan Rațiu in 1894. Ioan Rațiu was arrested following his condemnation for anti-state activity through the distribution of a manifesto on Transylvanian autonomy and linguistic rights in the “Memorandum trial.” This document transnational connections outside the Austro-Hungarian Empire and the circulation of political mobilization practices and knowledges between and among women. KEYWORDS: Women Interacting with Women, Social Movements, and Other Actors Beyond Empire; Women and Nation within Empire; Relations Between Women of Different Nationalities; Women and Nation-Building; Women and Relationship Between Nations in the Empire; Women and Struggle Between Nations in the Empire; National Identity; Social Reform and Political Activism; Multi-Ethnic Participation in Social Movements; Political Parties and Other Male Dominated Organizations; Political and Human Rights; Habsburg Empire; Transylvania; Kingdom of Hungary; United Kingdom.
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Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Periodical article
Date Published / Released
10 July 1894, 1894
Person Discussed
Jeanne del Homme, fl. 1894, Ion Rațiu, 1917-2000
Topic / Theme
Social Reform and Political Activism, Political and Human Rights, Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Indigenous Women, Political Parties and Other Male Dominated Organizations, Equal Rights for Women, Empire and Feminism, Multi-Ethnic Participation in Social Movements, Human Rights, Social and Political Leadership, National Identity, Romanians
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Savezi Srpkinja
written by Charitable Cooperatives of Serbian Women, in Ženski svet, Vol. 28, no. 4, January 4, 1913, pp. 74-77 (1913), 4 page(s)
TITLE: The Alliances of Serbian Women. DESCRIPTION: This article is an unsigned text, giving information on various Serbian women’s associations (societies, cooperatives) in Austria-Hungary, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia. It was published in Ženski svet. List dobrotvornih zadruga Srpkinja (Women’s World...
Sample
written by Charitable Cooperatives of Serbian Women, in Ženski svet, Vol. 28, no. 4, January 4, 1913, pp. 74-77 (1913), 4 page(s)
Description
TITLE: The Alliances of Serbian Women. DESCRIPTION: This article is an unsigned text, giving information on various Serbian women’s associations (societies, cooperatives) in Austria-Hungary, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia. It was published in Ženski svet. List dobrotvornih zadruga Srpkinja (Women’s World: Journal of the Charitable Cooperatives of Serbian Women), a journal published between 1886 and 1914 in Novi Sad (Újvidék), the Voj...
TITLE: The Alliances of Serbian Women. DESCRIPTION: This article is an unsigned text, giving information on various Serbian women’s associations (societies, cooperatives) in Austria-Hungary, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia. It was published in Ženski svet. List dobrotvornih zadruga Srpkinja (Women’s World: Journal of the Charitable Cooperatives of Serbian Women), a journal published between 1886 and 1914 in Novi Sad (Újvidék), the Vojvodina, by the Charitable Cooperative of Serbian Women from Novi Sad (Dobrotvorna zadruga Srpkinja Novosatkinja). The Vojvodina belonged to the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia which enjoyed a considerable degree of autonomy within the Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen, or Hungary, in the dual Monarchy (from 1867) of Austria-Hungary. Serbian was one of the dominant languages spoken in the Vojvodina. The editor of the journal was Arkadije Varađanin, a man who was an active proponent of women’s rights and who was a teacher and director of the Serbian High School for Girls established in Novi Sad, in 1874. The article reports that there are over 150 Serbian women’s associations, 86 of which are in Austria-Hungary, including Bosnia and Herzegovina. Austria-Hungary occupied Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1878 and fully annexed the territory in 1908. The province was jointly administered as a Condominium. As the text describes, after the failed initiative of the Charitable Cooperative of Serbian Women from Novi Sad in the year 1903 to gather all the Serbian women’s associations in one alliance (the government refused to allow this step), three separate alliances have been successfully initiated in Serbia in 1906, in Zagreb, the capital city of the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia, in 1910, and in Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1911. The text further describes the differences between the three alliances. The associations within the Habsburg Empire are primarily charitable. Whereas women in Serbia can aspire to more internationalist causes, Serbian women in Austria-Hungary are deprived of the possibility to work “side by side Western women,” and “end up” focusing primarily on national interests. These statements refer to the historical fact that women’s organizations of the non-dominant nationalities in Austria and Hungary could not affiliate independently, or fully equally, with the international women’s organizations; see Susan Zimmermann, “The Challenge of Multinational Empire for the International Women’s Movement: The Habsburg Monarchy and the Development of Feminist Inter/National Politics,” in Globalizing Feminisms, 1789-1945, ed. Karen Offen (London, England: Routledge, 2010), 153–69, 367–73. These conditions are illustrated by the report on the declared aims of the Alliance of Serbian Women in Austria-Hungary (Austro-Ugarski Savez Srpkinja, the meeting was held in Zagreb in May 1912), as well as the declared aims of the Alliance of Serbian Women in Bosnia and Herzegovina (Savez Srpkinja, Bosna i Hercegovina). The author of the article argues that one more aim should be added to the declared aims of the alliances: better-of Serbian families shall take Serbian girls and boys from poor families into their own homes as domestic workers. This is described as a charitable endeavor. The author describes in detail how this project would work and what the benefits for the Serbian people would be. The plan includes the establishment of domestic schools. KEYWORDS: Women and Institutions of Empire; Women and Practices/ Cultures of Empire; Women Interacting with Women, Social Movements, and Other Actors Beyond Empire; Women and Nation within Empire; Relations Between Women of Different Nationalities; Women and Nation-Building; Women and Relationship Between Nations in the Empire; Women and Struggle Between Nations in the Empire; Women and National Languages; National Identity; Women Challenging Empire; Empire and Feminism; Empire and Internationalism; Empire Silenced; Social Reform and Political Activism; Multi-Ethnic Participation in Social Movements; Political and Human Rights; Nationality Rights; Social and Cultural Rights; Equal Rights for Women; Women and Education; Gendered Education; Education in National Languages; Education as a Source of Women’s Emancipation; Habsburg Empire; Hungary; Vojvodina; Novi Sad; Serbia; Hungary; Bosnia; Herzegovina
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Collection
Women and Social Movements, Modern Empires Since 1820
Field of Study
Women and Social Movements
Content Type
Periodical article
Author / Creator
Charitable Cooperatives of Serbian Women
Date Published / Released
04 January 1913, 1913
Person Discussed
Arkadije Varađanin, fl. 1874
Topic / Theme
Political and Human Rights, Women and Education, Women and Immigration, Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Social Reform and Political Activism, Equal Rights for Women, Social and Cultural Rights, Education as a Source of Women’s Emancipation, Gendered Education, Nationality Rights, Empire and Feminism, Multi-Ethnic Participation in Social Movements, National Identity, Indigenous...
Political and Human Rights, Women and Education, Women and Immigration, Women, Colonization, Empire, and Post Coloniality, Social Reform and Political Activism, Equal Rights for Women, Social and Cultural Rights, Education as a Source of Women’s Emancipation, Gendered Education, Nationality Rights, Empire and Feminism, Multi-Ethnic Participation in Social Movements, National Identity, Indigenous Languages, Serbians
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