Browse Titles - 190 results
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40 Years Later: Our People
directed by John Washington, Jr., fl. 2009 and Sundog Stovall, fl. 2013 (Pottstown, PA: MVD Entertainment Group, 2013), 49 mins
In the 40 Years since the assassination of Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., how far have African Americans advanced in American society? This film touches on the socioeconomic status of Blacks in America, the election of Barack Obama and explores the question "does racism still exist?"
Sample
directed by John Washington, Jr., fl. 2009 and Sundog Stovall, fl. 2013 (Pottstown, PA: MVD Entertainment Group, 2013), 49 mins
Description
In the 40 Years since the assassination of Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., how far have African Americans advanced in American society? This film touches on the socioeconomic status of Blacks in America, the election of Barack Obama and explores the question "does racism still exist?"
Field of Study
Black Studies
Content Type
Documentary
Author / Creator
John Washington, Jr., fl. 2009, Sundog Stovall, fl. 2013
Date Published / Released
2013
Publisher
MVD Entertainment Group
Speaker / Narrator
Mos Def, 1973-, Bill Cosby, 1937-, Jesse Jackson, 1941-
Person Discussed
Mos Def, 1973-, Bill Cosby, 1937-, Jesse Jackson, 1941-, Barack Obama, 1961-, Martin Luther King, Jr., 1929-1968
Topic / Theme
Threats of violence, Violence, Black community, African-Americans, Racism, Martin Luther King, Jr., Assassination, Memphis, TN, April 4, 1968, French, Italians
Copyright Message
Copyright © 2013. Used by permission of MVD Entertainment Group
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Afraid of Dark: Exploring Black Masculinity
directed by Mya B., fl. 2004; produced by Mya B., fl. 2004, Shoot Films, Not People (Parallel Lines, 2014), 1 hour 13 mins
Afraid of Dark, is a wonderfully insightful and entertaining, yet remarkably serious, documentary about Black men. This documentary, aims to destroy the misconceptions and stereotypes about black men that have often cost black men their lives by offering a genuine look at them from my eyes to the outside world, re...
Sample
directed by Mya B., fl. 2004; produced by Mya B., fl. 2004, Shoot Films, Not People (Parallel Lines, 2014), 1 hour 13 mins
Description
Afraid of Dark, is a wonderfully insightful and entertaining, yet remarkably serious, documentary about Black men. This documentary, aims to destroy the misconceptions and stereotypes about black men that have often cost black men their lives by offering a genuine look at them from my eyes to the outside world, revealing the beauty in diversified strength, leadership and challenges; A reality that has often been distorted by others. Why is the wo...
Afraid of Dark, is a wonderfully insightful and entertaining, yet remarkably serious, documentary about Black men. This documentary, aims to destroy the misconceptions and stereotypes about black men that have often cost black men their lives by offering a genuine look at them from my eyes to the outside world, revealing the beauty in diversified strength, leadership and challenges; A reality that has often been distorted by others. Why is the world so afraid of dark? Long Synopsis:"Why is everyone so afraid of black men?" In her new documentary, "Afraid of Dark", filmmaker Mya B. attempts to answer this question. In examining two of the most prevalent stereotypes about the black man as the brute and as the Mandingo we are led on a journey to understanding how the fear of these stereotypes have contributed to the rates of violence and incarceration against black men. We see how racism uses black on black crime and other unfortunate occurrences in black communities as justification for attacks on black males by police and citizen vigilantes alike. The documentary challenges these stereotypes, and their resulting worldview, through candid interviews of black men -who span the spectrum of age and background – to illustrate through their own words and personal reflections the difference between how society perceives black men and how they define themselves. Mya B. also profiles three generations of black men in her family that offered alternative archetypes of what black men can be and are in this society. The film ultimately shows us that black men are struggling to find love and meaningful identity in a world that mutes their individual stories and colors them all with one brush; and that the way towards healing means facing this dilemma head on, looking deep into it, and using our understanding and our love to transform the image and likeness we perceive of black men.
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Field of Study
Black Studies
Content Type
Documentary
Contributor
Mya B., fl. 2004, Shoot Films, Not People
Author / Creator
Mya B., fl. 2004
Date Published / Released
2014
Publisher
Parallel Lines
Topic / Theme
Black community, Men, Stereotypes, African-Americans, Racism
Copyright Message
Copyright © 2014 Parallel Lines
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Ali's Comeback: The Untold Story
directed by Art Jones; produced by Olayimika Cole, Mandy Fason, Brittany Wyatt and Art Jones, Dream Factory (Marina del Rey, CA: Vision Films, 2020), 1 hour 25 mins
It’s 1970, Muhammad Ali had been exiled from boxing for his firm stance against the Vietnam War, stripped of his title, and convicted of draft evasion. But in Atlanta, a diverse group of leaders came together to ensure he received his rightful comeback. This is the epic tale about the return of the greatest athl...
Sample
directed by Art Jones; produced by Olayimika Cole, Mandy Fason, Brittany Wyatt and Art Jones, Dream Factory (Marina del Rey, CA: Vision Films, 2020), 1 hour 25 mins
Description
It’s 1970, Muhammad Ali had been exiled from boxing for his firm stance against the Vietnam War, stripped of his title, and convicted of draft evasion. But in Atlanta, a diverse group of leaders came together to ensure he received his rightful comeback. This is the epic tale about the return of the greatest athlete of the 20th Century from the shadows of the boxing ring and onto the world stage.
Field of Study
American History
Content Type
Documentary
Contributor
Olayimika Cole, Mandy Fason, Brittany Wyatt, Art Jones, Dream Factory, Idy Uyoe
Author / Creator
Art Jones
Date Published / Released
2020
Publisher
Vision Films
Speaker / Narrator
Bunnie Jackson-Ransom, Robert Kassell, Andrew Young, Idy Uyoe
Person Discussed
Bunnie Jackson-Ransom, Robert Kassell, Andrew Young, Muhammad Ali, 1942-2016
Topic / Theme
Black community, Draft evasion, Civil rights, Boxing, Vietnam War, 1956-1975, Political and Social Movements, The Sixties (1960–1974), African Americans, 20th Century in World History (1914--2000)
Copyright Message
Copyright © 2020 Vision Films
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American Experience: 1964, Part 2, 1964: Interview with Dave Dennis, Civil Rights Activist, part 2 of 2
directed by Stephen Ives, fl. 1988-2017; produced by Amanda Pollak, fl. 1992-2017 and Susan Bellows, fl. 1989, WGBH Boston and Insignia Films, in American Experience: 1964, Part 2 (Boston, MA: WGBH Educational Foundation, 2014), 44 mins
It was the year of the Beatles and the Civil Rights Act; of the Gulf of Tonkin and Barry Goldwater's presidential campaign; the year that cities across the country erupted in violence and Americans tried to make sense of the Kennedy assassination. Based on The Last Innocent Year: America in 1964 by award-winning j...
Sample
directed by Stephen Ives, fl. 1988-2017; produced by Amanda Pollak, fl. 1992-2017 and Susan Bellows, fl. 1989, WGBH Boston and Insignia Films, in American Experience: 1964, Part 2 (Boston, MA: WGBH Educational Foundation, 2014), 44 mins
Description
It was the year of the Beatles and the Civil Rights Act; of the Gulf of Tonkin and Barry Goldwater's presidential campaign; the year that cities across the country erupted in violence and Americans tried to make sense of the Kennedy assassination. Based on The Last Innocent Year: America in 1964 by award-winning journalist Jon Margolis, this film follows some of the most prominent figures of the time - Lyndon B. Johnson, Martin Luther King, Jr.,...
It was the year of the Beatles and the Civil Rights Act; of the Gulf of Tonkin and Barry Goldwater's presidential campaign; the year that cities across the country erupted in violence and Americans tried to make sense of the Kennedy assassination. Based on The Last Innocent Year: America in 1964 by award-winning journalist Jon Margolis, this film follows some of the most prominent figures of the time - Lyndon B. Johnson, Martin Luther King, Jr., Barry Goldwater, Betty Friedan - and brings out from the shadows the actions of ordinary Americans whose frustrations, ambitions and anxieties began to turn the country onto a new and different course. This is part 2 of an interview with civil rights activist Dave Dennis.
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Field of Study
Black Studies
Content Type
Interview
Contributor
Amanda Pollak, fl. 1992-2017, Susan Bellows, fl. 1989, WGBH Boston, Insignia Films
Author / Creator
Stephen Ives, fl. 1988-2017
Date Published / Released
2014
Publisher
WGBH Educational Foundation
Series
American Experience: 1964
Person Discussed
Dave Dennis, 1940-, Muhammad Ali, 1942-2016, Lyndon B. Johnson, 1908-1973, Bob Moses, 1935-2021, Fannie Lou Hamer, 1918-1977
Topic / Theme
Long Civil Rights Movement, United States, Race discrimination, Social movements, Political events, Civil rights, Voting rights, Black community, Freedom Summer, Mississippi, 1964, Sociology, Politics & Policy, History, African Americans, Americans, 20th Century in World History (1914--2000)
Copyright Message
© 2014-2017 WGBH Educational Foundation
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American Experience, Goin' Back to T-Town
produced by Joyce Vaughn and Sam Pollard, fl. 1989, Two Dollars and a Dream Inc., in American Experience (Arlington, VA: Public Broadcasting Service, 2021), 53 mins
Goin’ Back to T-Town tells the story of Greenwood, an extraordinary Black community in Tulsa, Oklahoma, that prospered during the 1920s and 30s despite rampant and hostile segregation. Torn apart in 1921 by one of the worst racially-motivated massacres in the nation’s history, the neighborhood rose from the as...
Sample
produced by Joyce Vaughn and Sam Pollard, fl. 1989, Two Dollars and a Dream Inc., in American Experience (Arlington, VA: Public Broadcasting Service, 2021), 53 mins
Description
Goin’ Back to T-Town tells the story of Greenwood, an extraordinary Black community in Tulsa, Oklahoma, that prospered during the 1920s and 30s despite rampant and hostile segregation. Torn apart in 1921 by one of the worst racially-motivated massacres in the nation’s history, the neighborhood rose from the ashes, and by 1936 boasted the largest concentration of Black-owned businesses in the U.S., known as “Black Wall Street.” Ironically,...
Goin’ Back to T-Town tells the story of Greenwood, an extraordinary Black community in Tulsa, Oklahoma, that prospered during the 1920s and 30s despite rampant and hostile segregation. Torn apart in 1921 by one of the worst racially-motivated massacres in the nation’s history, the neighborhood rose from the ashes, and by 1936 boasted the largest concentration of Black-owned businesses in the U.S., known as “Black Wall Street.” Ironically, it could not survive the progressive policies of integration and urban renewal of the 1960s. Told through the memories of those who lived through the events, the film is a bittersweet celebration of small-town life and the resilience of a community’s spirit.
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Field of Study
Black Studies
Content Type
Documentary
Contributor
Joyce Vaughn, Sam Pollard, fl. 1989, Two Dollars and a Dream Inc., Ossie B. Davis, 1917-2005
Date Published / Released
2021
Publisher
Public Broadcasting Service
Series
American Experience
Speaker / Narrator
Ossie B. Davis, 1917-2005
Topic / Theme
Segregation, Black community, Massacres, Racism, African Americans
Copyright Message
Copyright ©1992 WGBH Educational Foundation and WNET/Thirteen
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American Experience: Freedom Riders, Part 1, Interview with Delores Boyd, 1 of 2
directed by Stanley Nelson, 1955-; produced by Stanley Nelson, 1955- and Laurens Grant, fl. 2003-2017, WGBH Boston and American Experience Films; interview by Stanley Nelson, 1955-, in American Experience: Freedom Riders, Part 1 (Boston, MA: WGBH Educational Foundation, 2017), 9 mins
Delores Boyd was 11 when she went to the meeting of Freedom Riders at the First Baptist Church, Montgomery.
Sample
directed by Stanley Nelson, 1955-; produced by Stanley Nelson, 1955- and Laurens Grant, fl. 2003-2017, WGBH Boston and American Experience Films; interview by Stanley Nelson, 1955-, in American Experience: Freedom Riders, Part 1 (Boston, MA: WGBH Educational Foundation, 2017), 9 mins
Description
Delores Boyd was 11 when she went to the meeting of Freedom Riders at the First Baptist Church, Montgomery.
Field of Study
Black Studies
Content Type
Interview
Contributor
Stanley Nelson, 1955-, Laurens Grant, fl. 2003-2017, WGBH Boston, American Experience Films
Author / Creator
Stanley Nelson, 1955-
Date Published / Released
2010, 2017
Publisher
WGBH Educational Foundation
Series
American Experience: Freedom Riders
Person Discussed
Delores Boyd, 1950-
Topic / Theme
Social movements, Segregation, Black community, Church services, Civil rights, Community events, Freedom Rides, U.S. South, 1961, U.S. Civil Rights Movement, 1954-, Political and Social Movements, Race and Gender, War and Violence, The Sixties (1960–1974), 20th Century in World History (1914--2000)
Copyright Message
© 2011-2017 WGBH Educational Foundation
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American Experience: Freedom Riders, Part 2, Interview with Glenda Gaither Davis, 2 of 2
directed by Stanley Nelson, 1955-; produced by Laurens Grant, fl. 2003-2017 and Stanley Nelson, 1955-, American Experience Films and WGBH Boston; interview by Stanley Nelson, 1955-, in American Experience: Freedom Riders, Part 2 (Boston, MA: WGBH Educational Foundation, 2017), 22 mins
Glenda Gaither Davis: Student at Claflin University (Orangeburg, SC) on the New Orleans, Louisiana to Jackson, Mississippi (Illinois Central RR), May 30, 1961
Sample
directed by Stanley Nelson, 1955-; produced by Laurens Grant, fl. 2003-2017 and Stanley Nelson, 1955-, American Experience Films and WGBH Boston; interview by Stanley Nelson, 1955-, in American Experience: Freedom Riders, Part 2 (Boston, MA: WGBH Educational Foundation, 2017), 22 mins
Description
Glenda Gaither Davis: Student at Claflin University (Orangeburg, SC) on the New Orleans, Louisiana to Jackson, Mississippi (Illinois Central RR), May 30, 1961
Field of Study
Black Studies
Content Type
Interview
Contributor
Laurens Grant, fl. 2003-2017, Stanley Nelson, 1955-, American Experience Films, WGBH Boston
Author / Creator
Stanley Nelson, 1955-
Date Published / Released
2010, 2017
Publisher
WGBH Educational Foundation
Series
American Experience: Freedom Riders
Person Discussed
Glenda Gaither Davis, 1943-
Topic / Theme
Racism, Segregation, Student activism and activists, Black community, Newspapers, Imprisonment, Freedom Rides, U.S. South, 1961, U.S. Civil Rights Movement, 1954-, Political and Social Movements, Race and Gender, The Sixties (1960–1974), Americans, African Americans, 20th Century in World History (1914--2000)
Copyright Message
© 2011-2017 WGBH Educational Foundation
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American Experience: John Brown's Holy War, Season 12, Episode 10, Interview with historian James Horton, 3 of 5
directed by Robert Kenner, fl. 1971; produced by Robert Kenner, fl. 1971, Robert Kenner Films and WGBH Boston; interview by Robert Kenner, fl. 1971, in American Experience: John Brown's Holy War, Season 12, Episode 10 (Boston, MA: WGBH Educational Foundation, 2017), 28 mins
Martyr, madman, murderer, hero: John Brown remains one of history's most controversial and misunderstood figures. In the 1850s, he and his ragtag guerrilla group embarked on a righteous crusade against slavery that was based on religious faith -- yet carried out with shocking violence. His execution at Harpers Fer...
Sample
directed by Robert Kenner, fl. 1971; produced by Robert Kenner, fl. 1971, Robert Kenner Films and WGBH Boston; interview by Robert Kenner, fl. 1971, in American Experience: John Brown's Holy War, Season 12, Episode 10 (Boston, MA: WGBH Educational Foundation, 2017), 28 mins
Description
Martyr, madman, murderer, hero: John Brown remains one of history's most controversial and misunderstood figures. In the 1850s, he and his ragtag guerrilla group embarked on a righteous crusade against slavery that was based on religious faith -- yet carried out with shocking violence. His execution at Harpers Ferry sparked a chain of events that led to the Civil War. Horton talks about Frederick Douglass - thought John Brown charismatic but too...
Martyr, madman, murderer, hero: John Brown remains one of history's most controversial and misunderstood figures. In the 1850s, he and his ragtag guerrilla group embarked on a righteous crusade against slavery that was based on religious faith -- yet carried out with shocking violence. His execution at Harpers Ferry sparked a chain of events that led to the Civil War. Horton talks about Frederick Douglass - thought John Brown charismatic but too idealistic, Douglass/Brown - impressed each other, Gerrit Smith - land for blacks to vote, John Brown in black community, North Elba - John Brown in black community, home, important place, Abolitionists - not all believed in racial equality, John Brown did friends, Free blacks - committed to abolition, helped escaping slaves, Fugitive Slave Law - no right of self defense, Douglass, Boston, Dred Scott - 3 points, Plan - blacks ready for war, black military groups elsewhere, Plan - blacks awaiting the opportunity, Kansas - contested territory precursor to Civil War
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Field of Study
American History
Content Type
Interview
Contributor
Robert Kenner, fl. 1971, Robert Kenner Films, WGBH Boston
Author / Creator
Robert Kenner, fl. 1971
Date Published / Released
2000, 2017
Publisher
WGBH Educational Foundation
Series
American Experience: John Brown's Holy War
Person Discussed
James O. Horton, 1943-2017, Gerrit Smith, 1797-1874, John Brown, 1800-1859, Frederick Douglass, 1818-1895
Topic / Theme
Abolitionists, Equal rights, Laws and legislation, Black community, Race relations, Slavery, Dred Scott Decision, 1857, Kansas-Nebraska Act Enacted, U.S., May 30, 1854, Fugitive Slave Act, U.S., September 18, 1850, Race and Gender, Political and Social Movements, War and Violence, Expansion & Sectionalism (1829–1859), African Americans, Americans, Industrialization and Western Global Hegemony (1...
Abolitionists, Equal rights, Laws and legislation, Black community, Race relations, Slavery, Dred Scott Decision, 1857, Kansas-Nebraska Act Enacted, U.S., May 30, 1854, Fugitive Slave Act, U.S., September 18, 1850, Race and Gender, Political and Social Movements, War and Violence, Expansion & Sectionalism (1829–1859), African Americans, Americans, Industrialization and Western Global Hegemony (1750–1914)
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Copyright Message
© 2000-2017 WGBH Educational Foundation
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American Experience: John Brown's Holy War, Season 12, Episode 10, Interview with historian James Horton, 5 of 5
directed by Robert Kenner, fl. 1971; produced by Robert Kenner, fl. 1971, Robert Kenner Films and WGBH Boston; interview by Robert Kenner, fl. 1971, in American Experience: John Brown's Holy War, Season 12, Episode 10 (Boston, MA: WGBH Educational Foundation, 2017), 28 mins
Martyr, madman, murderer, hero: John Brown remains one of history's most controversial and misunderstood figures. In the 1850s, he and his ragtag guerrilla group embarked on a righteous crusade against slavery that was based on religious faith -- yet carried out with shocking violence. His execution at Harpers Fer...
Sample
directed by Robert Kenner, fl. 1971; produced by Robert Kenner, fl. 1971, Robert Kenner Films and WGBH Boston; interview by Robert Kenner, fl. 1971, in American Experience: John Brown's Holy War, Season 12, Episode 10 (Boston, MA: WGBH Educational Foundation, 2017), 28 mins
Description
Martyr, madman, murderer, hero: John Brown remains one of history's most controversial and misunderstood figures. In the 1850s, he and his ragtag guerrilla group embarked on a righteous crusade against slavery that was based on religious faith -- yet carried out with shocking violence. His execution at Harpers Ferry sparked a chain of events that led to the Civil War. Horton talks about Sanity - people today assume John Brown black, else traitor...
Martyr, madman, murderer, hero: John Brown remains one of history's most controversial and misunderstood figures. In the 1850s, he and his ragtag guerrilla group embarked on a righteous crusade against slavery that was based on religious faith -- yet carried out with shocking violence. His execution at Harpers Ferry sparked a chain of events that led to the Civil War. Horton talks about Sanity - people today assume John Brown black, else traitor to his race, Sanity - if black not insane, John Brown traitor/John Brown freedom fighter, Icon - whites see John Brown as insane, blacks see him as hero, Icon - martyr, forced US to face its contradiction, failure, - Hanging - John Brown at peace, did what he could, Icon - John Brown brought moral force to bear, Raid - ensured war would be about abolishing slavery, Boston - 1850s, slave power conspiracy dangerous to whites too
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Field of Study
American History
Content Type
Interview
Contributor
Robert Kenner, fl. 1971, Robert Kenner Films, WGBH Boston
Author / Creator
Robert Kenner, fl. 1971
Date Published / Released
2000, 2017
Publisher
WGBH Educational Foundation
Series
American Experience: John Brown's Holy War
Person Discussed
James O. Horton, 1943-2017, John Brown, 1800-1859, Thomas Wentworth Higginson, 1823-1911, Abraham Lincoln, 1809-1865
Topic / Theme
Slavery, Abolitionists, Black community, War, Morality, Race relations, Fugitive Slave Act, U.S., September 18, 1850, U.S. Civil War, 1861-1865, John Brown, Execution, Charles Town, WV, December 2, 1859, Harpers Ferry Raid, VA, October 16, 1859, Race and Gender, Political and Social Movements, War and Violence, Expansion & Sectionalism (1829–1859), Civil War (1860–1865), African Americans, Ame...
Slavery, Abolitionists, Black community, War, Morality, Race relations, Fugitive Slave Act, U.S., September 18, 1850, U.S. Civil War, 1861-1865, John Brown, Execution, Charles Town, WV, December 2, 1859, Harpers Ferry Raid, VA, October 16, 1859, Race and Gender, Political and Social Movements, War and Violence, Expansion & Sectionalism (1829–1859), Civil War (1860–1865), African Americans, Americans, Industrialization and Western Global Hegemony (1750–1914)
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Copyright Message
© 2000-2017 WGBH Educational Foundation
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American Experience: Reconstruction: The Second Civil War, Season 16, Episode 2, Interview with David W. Blight, Historian, Yale University,...
directed by Llewellyn Smith, fl. 1987-2017; produced by Llewellyn Smith, fl. 1987-2017, WGBH Boston; interview by Llewellyn Smith, fl. 1987-2017, in American Experience: Reconstruction: The Second Civil War, Season 16, Episode 2 (Boston, MA: WGBH Educational Foundation, 2017), 44 mins
In the tumultuous years after the Civil War (1863-77), America grappled with how to rebuild itself, how to successfully bring the South back into the Union and how to bring former slaves into the life of the country. Blight talks about Reconstruction as a continuation of the Civil War, Need among Northerners to pr...
Sample
directed by Llewellyn Smith, fl. 1987-2017; produced by Llewellyn Smith, fl. 1987-2017, WGBH Boston; interview by Llewellyn Smith, fl. 1987-2017, in American Experience: Reconstruction: The Second Civil War, Season 16, Episode 2 (Boston, MA: WGBH Educational Foundation, 2017), 44 mins
Description
In the tumultuous years after the Civil War (1863-77), America grappled with how to rebuild itself, how to successfully bring the South back into the Union and how to bring former slaves into the life of the country. Blight talks about Reconstruction as a continuation of the Civil War, Need among Northerners to preserve what they suffered and died for, riots in the South, the black codes, role of black churches, black ministers as politicians, Tu...
In the tumultuous years after the Civil War (1863-77), America grappled with how to rebuild itself, how to successfully bring the South back into the Union and how to bring former slaves into the life of the country. Blight talks about Reconstruction as a continuation of the Civil War, Need among Northerners to preserve what they suffered and died for, riots in the South, the black codes, role of black churches, black ministers as politicians, Tunis Campbell, the land problem, sharecropping, restoration of the Union, Thaddus Stevens and Republican plan of reconstruction, use of federal power to establish civil rights, definitions of equality.
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Field of Study
Black Studies
Content Type
Interview
Contributor
Llewellyn Smith, fl. 1987-2017, WGBH Boston
Author / Creator
Llewellyn Smith, fl. 1987-2017
Date Published / Released
2004, 2017
Publisher
WGBH Educational Foundation
Series
American Experience: Reconstruction: The Second Civil War
Person Discussed
David W. Blight, 1949-, Andrew Johnson, 1808-1875, Tunis Gulic Campbell, 1812-1891
Topic / Theme
Civil rights, Postwar reconstruction, Politics, Black community, Race discrimination, Laws and legislation, Reconstruction, US, 1865-1877, United States. Constitution, Fourteenth Amendment Ratified, July 9, 1868, War and Violence, Political and Social Movements, Race and Gender, Reconstruction (1866–1876), African Americans, Americans, Industrialization and Western Global Hegemony (1750–1914)
Copyright Message
© 2004-2017 WGBH Educational Foundation
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