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When Japan attacked Pearl Harbor, Issei (first generation immigrants) and their Nisei children were well established in the South Bay area of Los Angeles County. Some raised fruit, vegetables and flowers on undeveloped land that they rented or farmed as sharecroppers. Others formed cooperatives or corporations to sell and distribute produce while still others started small businesses to serve Japanese and other residents in the area.

The Hmong are subsistence farming mountain people who live in China and Southeast Asia. Many of those in Laos allied themselves with the US during the Vietnam war, hoping to protect their way of life. They are one of the montangard groups referred to in discussions of the war. Many worked directly with the CIA in northern Laos and some were part of the Hmong guerilla/Royal Lao Army under General Vang Pao. In May, 1975, following the withdrawal of... The Hmong are subsistence farming mountain people who live in China and Southeast Asia. Many of those in Laos allied themselves with the US during the Vietnam war, hoping to protect their way of life. They are one of the montangard groups referred to in discussions of the war. Many worked directly with the CIA in northern Laos and some were part of the Hmong guerilla/Royal Lao Army under General Vang Pao. In May, 1975, following the withdrawal of US forces from Vietnam and the communist victories in Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos, the CIA evacuated 2,500 Hmong from Long Cheng, the CIA stronghold. Over the course of the next ten years, it is estimated that more than 100,000 Hmong fled to Thailand. Show more Show less

Starting in the early 20th century, women worked in both men's and women's garment manufacturing, and were members of the unions that eventually represented these two industries. The Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America represented the workers in the men's clothing industry and aligned immediately with the newly organized CIO in the 1930s. The International Ladies Garment Workers, which represented workers in the women's clothing industry, rem... Starting in the early 20th century, women worked in both men's and women's garment manufacturing, and were members of the unions that eventually represented these two industries. The Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America represented the workers in the men's clothing industry and aligned immediately with the newly organized CIO in the 1930s. The International Ladies Garment Workers, which represented workers in the women's clothing industry, remained aligned with the AFL, except for a brief two year period. Show more Show less

Oil was discovered on Signal Hill, north of the City of Long Beach, in 1921. Soon more wells were brought it and the field spread into the City. As more people moved into the area to work on the wells and the developments that followed them, people in pre-existing neighborhoods worried that the field's spread might bring out of control wells, smelly sump holes and dangerous equipment near their homes. In response, Long Beach adopted regulations t... Oil was discovered on Signal Hill, north of the City of Long Beach, in 1921. Soon more wells were brought it and the field spread into the City. As more people moved into the area to work on the wells and the developments that followed them, people in pre-existing neighborhoods worried that the field's spread might bring out of control wells, smelly sump holes and dangerous equipment near their homes. In response, Long Beach adopted regulations that limited oil development. Even as the City incorporated outlying neighborhoods that filled with the homes of oil workers and those in related industries, people on top of the hill, near the center of petroleum development, resisted. And in 1926 they incorporated their own City of Signal Hill which is completely surrounded by the City of Long Beach. Show more Show less